热态铸余渣返转炉利用的研究与实践

铸余渣是连铸浇注结束后残余在钢包内的钢水和炉渣，传统的铸余渣冷态回收法存在污染大、效率低、金属损耗大等缺点，铸余渣热态回收利用逐步受到重视。根据不同钢种的铸余渣特性，同时结合铁水中元素与铸余渣反应原理，确定了热态铸余渣返转炉利用的工艺路径：超低碳钢种的热态铸余渣返回时，向铁水包中倒入30～40 t铁水，承接2～3炉铸余渣，直接倒入转炉进行冶炼，吨钢石灰下降4.3 kg,脱磷率提高3.6%;其他钢种的热态铸余渣返回时，向铁水包中倒入60～70 t铁水，承接4～5炉铸余渣后返倒罐进行受铁，吨铁脱硫镁粉下降0.14 kg。该工艺的热态铸余渣返回转炉冶炼比例达到72.5%,有效地利用了铸余渣的冶金功效，钢铁料消耗从1 095 kg/t下降到1 090 kg/t,降低了5 kg/t,取得了显著的经济效益。     

提高铸轧辊使用寿命的途径

从铸轧辊辊套与辊芯的组装工艺和铸轧工艺两个方面分析了影响铸轧辊使用寿命的因素，并介绍了提高铸轧辊使用寿命的实际方法及途径。     

含钛不锈钢连铸板坯夹杂物行为研究

本文研究含钛不锈钢中N、O、Al变化及钢包、中间包，结晶器和铸坯中夹杂物类型、数量，尺寸及分布．讨论了铸坯中夹杂物来源受防止对策     

高碳钢铸坯偏析的研究

选择连铸各种工艺参数组合，跟踪高碳钢铸坯质量，研究其偏析情况，确定最佳工艺参数，最大限度减轻偏析，提高产品质量。     

提高中厚板连铸坯内部质量的工艺优化研究

舞钢炼钢厂分别从电磁搅拌、轻压下、铸机精度、二冷水量、扇形段驱动辊压力、中间包清洁度、铸坯堆垛缓冷等环节进行工艺优化,改善了连铸坯内部质量,为提高钢板的内部质量创造了条件,使钢板探伤合格率得到显著提升。     

结晶器长寿技术的研究与实践

通过对4号铸机结晶器系统工艺优化研究与实践，探讨了适合当前工艺条件的最佳材质和镀层的结晶器长寿技术，确保了结晶器使用寿命和铸坯表面质量的提高。     

大容量深熔池中间包在德马克铸机上的应用

针对传统小中间包存在的问题，本文结合安钢二炼钢Demag铸机中间包改造实践，阐述了大容量，深熔池中间包对实现铸机高效化的重要作用。     

非稳态浇注操作对连铸坯洁净度影响

经炉外精炼获得的"干净"钢水,在浇注过程中重要的是防止"干净"钢水再污染,才能保证铸坯良好的洁净度.结合多年来在不同炼钢厂对板坯和方坯夹杂物的调查研究和近年来的有关文献,讨论了浇注过程中非稳态浇注操作、钢包→中间包→结晶器的二次氧化和下渣、卷渣现象对连铸坯洁净度的影响,为改进工艺操作、提高铸坯洁净度提供技术指导.     

连铸铸余渣用于中高碳钢水精炼技术研究

连铸过程中浇完钢水后,钢水罐中会残存钢水精炼后生成的具有较低氧势的钢渣,即铸余渣。这类钢渣在炼钢温度下具有良好的熔化性能,可以利用渣罐、废弃中包、钢水罐收集,加工后再用于钢厂精炼生产中。通过对其成分的研究及工艺试验,找出其最佳工艺途径以降低成本,该工艺在生产实践中取得了成功。采用DIN50602标准检验出钢中硫化物评级指数由0.91降低至0.18,氧化物评级指数由0.56提高至0.91。     

小方坯连铸机高效化改造

介绍了涟源钢铁集团有限公司第一炼钢厂2^#连铸机高效化改造的情况。通过对连铸机弧形半径、流间距、中间包、结晶器、二冷系统、振动装置、拉矫机、铸坯导向装置、引锭杆及其存放装置、给水系统、自动控制系统及部分辅助设施等的改造，提高了铸机的生产能力，改善了高拉速条件下小方坯的质量，取得了显著成效。     

Modelling the influence of changing constructive parameters of multi-strand tundish on steel flow and heat transfer

The results of numerical simulation and industrial experiments on thermal and flow phenomena in a multi-strand tundish are presented before and after modernisation. The improvement of cast steel purity and the increase of continuous casting (CC) machine capacity was the basic aim of the research. The simplest action was to increase the height of the tundish side walls, so the working zone of tundish had a higher capacity and inside the working area a turbulence inhibitor was installed. Experimental measurements and numerical calculations enabled to estimate the steel velocity and temperature fields. The research focused on the determination of characteristics residence time distribution. Basing on them, the percentage volume of different flows (dead, dispersed plug, well-mixed) was calculated before and after modernisation, which enabled to evaluate the tundish working conditions. Additionally, they gave information about the influence of the multi-strand constructive changes on the hydrodynamics and thermal conditions.     

中包塞棒自动控制系统的应用实践

介绍了Ramon公司RAM涡流型中包塞棒自控系统的工作原理及技术特点,总结了中包塞棒自控系统的应用实践。     

镁质喷涂中间包工作衬对连铸工艺的优化

介绍了连铸中间包由硅质绝热板改为镁质喷涂料的工作衬的使用及对工艺的优化情况，并且由此确定了每个包的涂料用量。经我厂的实践证明，可以明显改善操作条件和施工过程的不稳定因素，延长中包的使用寿命，降低中包耐材消耗。     

Optimization of a Six-Strand Continuous Casting Tundish: Industrial Measurements and Numerical Investigation of the Tundish Modifications

The main differences in the transient zone extent between the individual strands for the former industrial six-strand tundish configuration is the basis for undertaking this study. The aim this study was to improve the casting conditions by proposing the optimal equipment of the tundish working space. For economic reasons, only the variants with different baffles configurations were considered. It was also dictated by the simplicity of construction and the possibility of its implementation by the base operating steel mill. In the current study, industrial plant measurements and mathematical modeling were used. Industrial experimental data were used to diagnose the current state of the industrial tundish and then validate the numerical simulations. After this, the influence of different baffle configurations installed in the tundish on the steel flow characteristic was modeled mathematically. Residence time distribution (RTD) curves are plotted, and individual flow shares for the investigated tundish were estimated based on the curves. Finally, the industrial plant was rebuilt according to the numerical results and additional plant measurements were performed. A result of the appearance of the baffles in the tundish working space was the reduction of the transient zone extent. The results indicate the increasing share of the dispersed plug flow and a decreasing share of the dead volume flow, with a practically unchanging share of well-mixed volume flow in the modified tundish.     

碱性干式自流料在方坯连铸中间罐上的应用实践

为适应高效连铸和开发新品种的需要，邯钢第三炼钢厂方坯连铸中间包工作层用碱性干式自流料取代了硅质绝热板。生产实践表明，它在提高中间包使用寿命、降低钢水消耗、减少夹杂废品量、降低耐火材料消耗及降低劳动强度等方面具有明显优势。     

Investigation of Flow Characteristics in a Six‐Strand CC Tundish Combining Plant Measurements,Physical and Mathematical Modeling

The tundish plays a major role in the continuous casting process. The flow in a tundish has a very substantial effect on the quality of the final product and on efficient casting conditions. Efforts are being made worldwide to obtain the most favourable shape of tundish interior by using dams, weirs and gas curtains. The aim of these flow control devices is to reduce the dead zone areas and improve the conditions for the separation of non‐metallic inclusions. Numerous model studies are being carried out to explain the effect of the tundish working space shape and steel flow conditions on the inclusions floating processes. The presented article shows the results of investigations performed to obtain the mass exchange characteristics in the investigated tundish. The measurements were done directly at the steel plant during normal working conditions. By controlling the changing content of manganese in steel, the residence time distribution (RTD) characteristics were acquired. The RTD characteristics are also obtained with a water model of the tundish with dimensional scale of 1:3. Parallel to the water model, numerical simulation based on mathematical modelling of fluid flow, relying on the system of differential equations, is employed in the research work. Numerical simulations were carried out with the finite‐volume commercial code FLUENT using the standard k‐ε turbulence model. The primary purpose of the investigations carried out is to present the characteristics describing the transitory zone in a six‐strand tundish. It is shown that the F‐curve, describing the transitory zone, can be obtained by using different measurement techniques. Tracer concentration characteristics for the model of tundish obtained from both modelling techniques ‐ physical as well as numerical ‐ are very similar.     

连铸中间包镁质涂料及其抗渣性的研究

对中间包工作衬用镁质涂料的配比及其抗渣性进行了研究。结果表明：适量的结合剂、添加剂及合理的颗粒级配，可制成具有最佳性能的镁质涂料；通过岩相分析可知，涂料中存在一致密层，阻止渣进一步渗透，具有良好的抗渣性；镁质涂料做中间包工作衬具有良好的抗渣性能和易解体性。     

Study of penetration and corrosion of olivine–periclase and periclase based tundish DVMs by molten slag

Abstract

To enhance the billet caster tundish life, this study examines the relevance of the replacement of regularly used olivine–periclase based mixes by purer MgO containing dry vibe mass (DVM). After service, tundish working lining samples were studied by scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive spectroscopy to understand the influence of MgO saturation of the adhering slag and working lining interaction with the infiltrated slag. The result showed that the tundish working lining was penetrated and corroded by the molten slag for both DVM recipes. However, an increase in MgO content in the DVM exerted a chemical filtration to the molten slag, and the higher concentration of periclase dissolved into the slag, forming a saturated layer at the slag/refractory interface that resulted in the restriction of further slag penetration, probably due to an increase in the slag viscosity.     

我国连铸中间包内衬耐火材料的发展及应用

介绍了我国连铸中间包内衬耐火材料的发展和使用状况。我国连铸中间包内衬耐火材料由黏土砖、高铝砖发展到硅质绝热板、镁质绝热板、碱性涂料和碱性干式振动料等,这些耐火材料用在不同类型的连铸中间包上,取得了良好的效果,满足了我国不同时期连铸生产的需要。     

高寿命中间包干式工作衬技术的研究与应用

为了提高连铸机的作业率,缩短中间包周转时间,莱钢炼钢厂研制开发了单包连拉时间大于50h的干式工作衬。应用表明,高寿命中间包干式料烧结层薄、抗浸蚀、单包连拉时间长、操作简单,比应用涂抹料年降成本近300万元。