共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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氟表面活性剂的研究与应用现状 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
含氟化合物由于其分子结构的特殊性使这类化合物具有优越的物理化学性能,被用于军事和航空航天等尖端科学领域以及化工和医学等各个部门,已成为化工和化工新材料的重要门类。氟表面活性剂又是含氟化合物用途最多的一类。 相似文献
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氟表面活性剂的工业应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了氟表面活性剂的分类、结构及性质;主要综述了由于氟表面活性剂具有"三高"、"两憎"的独特性能,广泛应用于消防、皮革、石油、造纸、纺织印染及金属材料加工等工业领域,起到普通碳氢表面活性剂所不能的作用;指出了根据应用领域的不同,应从分子结构设计入手,有针对性地、有目的地研发氟表面活性剂新品种新工艺,拓展应用领域,注重氟表面活性剂与普通表面活性剂的复配研究。 相似文献
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氟表面活性剂在油田领域的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
氟表面活性剂具有高稳定性、高表面活性、憎水憎油性等应用特点,因而在油田钻井领域、采油领域以及集输领域具有广泛的应用空间。通过氟表面活性剂在油田领域的应用进行探究,分析氟表面活性剂的特点、氟表面活性剂在各领域的应用,以促进氟表面活性剂的应用价值和社会效益的提升。 相似文献
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非离子氟硅表面活性剂的制备 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在科学和商业上对低表面张力的水性表面活性剂的兴趣越来越大.传统有机表面活性剂降低水的表面张力的性能已经被有机硅表面活性剂和氟炭表面活性剂这两大类材料所超越,前者通常是基于甲基硅氧烷,能使水的表面张力达到20~21mN/m:后者可以把水的表面张力减少到20mN/m以下.有报道可低到13mN/m. 相似文献
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Egbert Meissner Jerzy Myszkowski Jan Szymanowski Rakan Barhoum 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》1993,57(1):49-55
Nonionic surfactants having polydisperse polyoxyethylene chains and highly fluorinated hydrophobes were synthesized via a complex reaction route and their adsorption at water/air interfaces studied. They exhibit high surface activity and decrease both effectively and efficiently the surface tension of their aqueous solutions. The effect of the length of the polyoxyethylene chain upon surfactant surface activity is relatively low. Lower values of surface tension, below 30 mN m?1, are obtained for surfactants having a low degree of ethoxylation. Surfactants having two terminal highly fluorinated hydrophobes are less surface active than analogues with one terminal hydrophobe. 相似文献
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以聚乙二醇、全氟丁酸为主要原料,采用直接酯化的方法,合成了一系列聚乙二醇系非离子型氟碳表面活性剂——聚乙二醇全氟丁酸酯(以单酯为主,且含有少量双酯),且对其红外光谱、表面张力、临界胶束浓度、浊点进行了测试。结果表明,该类氟碳表面活性剂具有很高的表面活性,同时,随PEG链段长度的变化,其表面张力、CMC值、浊点都发生规律性的变化。 相似文献
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以六氟环氧丙烷和壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚40为原料,使用齐聚法合成一种新型非离子型氟碳表面活性剂C9H19C6H4O(CH2CH2O)40C9F17O3,运用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和核磁共振波谱仪(NMR)对其结构进行表征,并对其表面性能进行测试和计算。结果表明,该表面活性剂能将水的表面张力最低降至21.2 mN/m,其临界胶束浓度cm c为8.32×10-6mol/L,γcm c为26.5 mN/m。 相似文献
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Tsuyoshi Asakawa Takashi Kitaguchi Shigeyoshi Miyagishi 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》1998,1(2):195-199
Solubilization of decafluorobiphenyl (FBIP) by surfactants in aqueous solution was examined to investigate the properties
of micelles composed of surfactants having a per-fluorocarbon chain. Fluorocarbon surfactants solubilize FBIP better than
hydrocarbon surfactants. Significant solubilization by fluorocarbon surfactants was observed upon addition of salt. Highly
synergistic solubilization of FBIP using surfactant mixtures was also observed for fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon surfactants
in the presence of salt. The high solubilization ability of surfactants can be attributed to micelle growth. A simple geometrical
consideration of molecular packing in micelles revealed that the characteristic micelle is composed of bulky fluorocarbon
chains. The solubilization behavior accompanied by micelle growth would be closely associated with a change in interfacial
contact area between the micelle core and bulk water. The behavior of fluorescence intensity of micelle-solubilized FBIP also
indicated a change in micropolarity of fluorocarbon micelles accompanied by micelle growth. 相似文献
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以脂肪胺、三聚氯氰、氨基乙磺酸为原料合成了4种不同碳链长度均三嗪脂肪磺酸盐型表面活性剂[2-脂肪胺基-4-(2-磺基乙基)胺基-6-氯-1,3,5-均三嗪]。用元素分析、1HNMR、FTIR对中间体和目标产物的结构进行了表征。测定了25℃时4种表面活性剂的表面张力,研究了它们的表面活性。结果表明,疏水链长为C14时,该类表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度(cmc)和cmc下的表面张力(γcmc)达到最低值分别为:3.58×10-5mol/L和32.53 mN/m。与普通表面活性剂C12-LAS相比,疏水链长为C12~C16的该类表面活性剂的cmc均比C12-LAS低1~2个数量级,即它们降低水溶液表面张力的效率比C12-LAS高;疏水链长为C8、C12和C16时,其在溶液表面的饱和吸附量均比C12-LAS小,饱和吸附面积比C12-LAS大;疏水链长为C14时则相反。 相似文献
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Tsuyoshi Asakawa Junichiro Ikehara Shigeyoshi Miyagishi 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1996,73(1):21-25
Solubilization of octafluoronaphthalene (OFN) by fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon surfactants in aqueous solutions has been examined
to investigate the effects of mixing surfactants and added salt. Diethylammonium perfluoronanoate (DEAPFN) micelles have the
most solubilization power toward OFN. The difference in micellar solubilization power will be caused by the hydrophobicity
of ionic groups and micellar size. Large positive synergistic effects on solubilization behavior were observed in the DEAPFN-diethylammonium
tetradecyl sulfate mixed micellar systems. Solubilization of OFN depended on the concentrations of added salt and the aggregation
number, that is, the micellar size. 相似文献
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On the measurement of critical micelle concentrations of pure and technical-grade nonionic surfactants 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A. Patist S. S. Bhagwat K. W. Penfield P. Aikens D. O. Shah 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2000,3(1):53-58
The critical micelle concentrations (CMC) of nine commercial nonionic surfactants (Tween 20, 22, 40, 60, and 80; Triton X-100;
Brij 35, 58, and 78) and two pure nonionics [C12(EO)5 and C12(EO)8] were determined by surface tension and dye micellization methods. Commercially available nonionic surfactants (technical
grade) usually contain impurities and have a broad molecular weight distribution owing to the degree of ethoxylation. It was
shown that the surface tension method (Wilhelmy plate) is very sensitive to the presence of impurities. Much lower CMC values
were obtained with the surface tension method than with the dye micellization method (up to 6.5 times for Tween 22). In the
presence of highly surfaceactive impurities, the air/liquid interface is already saturated at concentrations well below the
true CMC, leading to a wrong interpretation of the break in the curve of surface tension (γ) vs. concentration of nonionic
surfactant (log C). The actual onset of micellization happens at higher concentrations, as measured by the dye micellization
method. Furthermore, it was shown that when a commercial surfactant sample (Tween 20) is subjected to foam fractionation,
thereby removing species with higher surface activity, the sample yields almost the same CMC values as measured by surface
tension and dye micellization methods. It was found that for monodisperse pure nonionic surfactants, both CMC determination
methods yield the same results. Therefore, this study indicates that precaution should be taken when determining the CMC of
commercial nonionic surfactants by the surface tension method, as it indicates the surface concentration of all surface-active
species at the surface only, whereas the dye method indicates the presence of micelles in the bulk solution. 相似文献