共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
2.
电镀铜技术在电子材料中的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
电镀铜层具有良好的导电、导热、延展性等优点,因此,电镀铜技术被广泛应用于电子材料制造领域。本文概括了几种常用电镀铜体系的特点,重点介绍了在电子制造中应用较广的酸性硫酸盐电镀铜镀液的组成和各成分作用。简述了电镀铜在铜箔粗化、印制电路制作、电子封装、超大规模集成电路(ULSI)铜互连领域的应用,并对近年来电子工业中应用的几种先进电镀铜技术,包括脉冲电镀铜技术、水平直接电镀铜技术、超声波电镀铜技术、激光电镀铜技术等进行了评述。 相似文献
3.
铜矿开采造成大量尾矿的堆积,在堆积过程中,尾矿不仅占用土地空间,同时还会通过扬尘、渗滤等方式造成大气、地下水的污染,给生态环境带来了巨大压力,对铜矿尾矿的有效处理处置显得迫在眉睫。铜矿尾矿内含有丰富的有用成分,表现出明显的资源特征,资源化利用潜力巨大。本文简要概述了目前国内外有关铜矿尾矿资源化利用的主要思路和技术方法,主要介绍了采用浮选、生物浸出等方法对尾矿中有价组分的再选回收和作为水泥、混凝土掺料及生产砖等建材原料的建筑材料利用,同时指出以铜矿尾矿制备高附加值产品,如作为硅源材料的合成原料生产白炭黑等,可以作为铜矿尾矿精细资源化利用的一条新道路而成为值得关注的发展方向,以期为铜矿尾矿的资源化利用提供参考。 相似文献
4.
5.
熔融铜渣回收铜及铜铁合金工艺研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文根据某炼铜熔融炉渣的矿物特性和选矿工艺特点,提出了一种"两步法"新工艺分别回收铜和铜铁合金,即低温阶段回收铜,高温阶段回收铜铁合金。该工艺对铜和铜铁合金提取比较充分,回收率均在90%以上。回收铜的品位可达99%,可直接送去火法精炼;产出的铜铁合金有害杂质少,可作为耐候钢的理想原料,其价值比纯铁高。此工艺用粉状或粒状非焦煤代替焦炭作还原剂,不用烧结,可以充分利用铜厂现有的设备,节省投资成本。该工艺简单易行,操作方便,有效实现了铜渣的资源化利用,具有良好的经济、社会和环境效益,是一种应用前景广阔的铜渣再利用工艺。 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
我国铜尾矿排放及储量巨大,造成环境污染和资源浪费。铜尾矿矿物成分复杂、颗粒粒度较细等问题限制了铜尾矿的高效高附加值利用。本文综述了铜尾矿的矿物属性、物理化学性能特征及其在建材化应用过程中的技术和控制要求,从铜尾矿用于蒸压加气混凝土、水泥基材料、水泥熟料、砖、微晶玻璃、多孔材料、充填材料等多个途径,总结了铜尾矿的主要应用方式、作用特征和主要成分的影响作用规律。为铜尾矿等固废生产型企业协同建材行业系统解决尾矿资源化问题提供参考,协同建材行业的发展方向和产品要求,提出了未来尾矿资源建材化处置的关键性问题,为真正实现尾矿的产品资源化利用提供支持。 相似文献
9.
铜渣是火法炼铜的副产物,中国90%以上的铜是通过火法冶炼生产的,随着科学技术进步和人们生活需要,我国铜产量呈逐年上升的趋势。铜渣中含有大量可回收的有价金属,且铜渣本身也是一种优异的无机材料。综合回收铜渣中有价金属可以减少资源不足带来的压力,对余渣进行资源化利用既能减少环境污染,又能生产出有经济价值的产品。本文分析和讨论了火法贫化、湿法浸出、选矿富集和联合工艺等手段回收铜渣中有价金属的原理、现状和优缺点,总结了铜渣作为硅酸盐无机材料的在建筑材料和功能材料中的应用,并对铜渣未来的金属回收与资源化利用发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
10.
11.
提出了一种去除废钢中铜的新方法.根据氯化冶金原理,在适当的气基组成和温度下,通过气-固反应,废钢中铜以气态氯化物的形式去除.通过热力学分析,从理论上获得了处理含铜废钢的合理气基为空气与氯气,初始氯气分压为0.10.2,工作温度为850~1050K. 相似文献
12.
M Isabel Sánchez de Rojas Julián Rivera Moisés Frías Félix Marín 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2008,83(3):209-217
Copper slag is a by‐product generated during smelting to extract copper metal from the ore. The copper slag obtained may exhibit pozzolanic activity and may therefore be used in the manufacture of addition‐containing cements. In this paper the effect of the incorporation of the copper slag in cement is measured. Blends of copper slag with Portland cement generally possess properties equivalent to Portland cement containing fly ash, but very different to the silica fume incorporation. Copper slag and fly ash reduce the heat of hydration more effectively than silica fume in mortars. The replacement of 30% cement by copper slag reduces the flexural and compressive strength in a similar way to fly ash; however, after 28 days, the reduction is less than the percentage of substitution. Hydrated calcium aluminate phases were analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The pozzolanic activity of copper slag is similar to that of fly ash and higher than silica fume. In the presence of low water/cement ratios, certain pozzolanic materials produce a very compact cement paste that limits the space available for hydration products, a determining factor in the formation of hydrated calcium aluminates. SEM was found to be a useful analytical technique when aluminates are formed and can be clearly detected by XRD. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
13.
14.
15.
近年来,我国FEVE氟涂料行业在迅速发展的同时,也面临着非常严峻的考验。文章较为详细地讨论分析了FEVE氟树脂合成用原材料、氟涂料行业及企业的发展状况。 相似文献
16.
中国水泥产量已连续18年位居世界第一。2002年水泥总产7.25亿吨,但其中新型干法水泥仅占16%。目前,中国新型干法生产的工艺技术、装备研发和新技术的应用实践等发展迅速,新型干法水泥的生产规模也随之迅速扩大,未来几年,我国新型干法生产线中2000t/d熟料规模以上的生产线将占主导地位。从可持续发展来看,水泥工业不能一味扩大生产规模,应该继续提高技术水平,提高资源、能源的利用率,促进我国长期可持续发展。 相似文献
17.
Scaled copper electrorefining cells were designed, built and computerized to simulate as closely as possible industrial conditions at three Canadian copper refineries. The industrial dimensions of Falconbridge, Kidd Metallurgical Division, were considered while designing scaled cells. Anode width to cell width ratio, anode width to cathode width ratio, anodic surface to cathodic surface ratio, as well as electrolyte volume to cathodic surface ratio, which was about 60 L m–2, were consistent with Kidd's industrial ratios. However, the cell design also allowed simulation of INCO's Copper Cliff Copper Refinery (CCCR) or Noranda's Canadian Copper Refinery (CCR). Electrorefining cells were 135.0 cm deep by 14.7 cm wide. Electrolyte flow rate was parallel to the electrodes. Electrolyte was circulated from the lower part of the electrorefining cells to the top where there was an overflow going to the electrowinning circuit. The equipment was computer controlled using Labview software. Experiments were conducted using this scaled electrorefining set-up to evaluate the effect of various ratios and concentrations of additives on nodulation during copper electrorefining under high current densities. Cathodic polarization curves, SEM micrographs, porosity analyses and copper grain analyses were used to characterize the cathodes produced. 相似文献
18.
19.