Zukunftschancen der Photovoltaik

A presentation of reasons for Shell do declare photovoltaics to once of their main trades:

— The limitation of oil and gas resources will be notable in the course of the next century.

— Before the shortnesses provoke massive increases in costs, the changes in climate caused by CO₂ and methane will lead to a demand of tapering off the burning of fossile fuels.

— Regenerative energies have globally a great market chance.

     

Potential und Chancen der Photovoltaik aus industrieller Sicht

Photovoltaic (PV) energy production is an established and reliable technology. From the cost perspective, PV installations today are mainly operated economically in non-grid connected applications. In order to improve the cost situation, the present silicon wafer technology will be further developed for ultrathin tricrystalline cells. In the next step the follow-up generation of chalkopyrite-based CIS thin film solar cells aims at low-cost mass production.     

2. Weltkonferenz für Photovoltaik in Wien

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Photovoltaik, Stand der Technik und Perspektiven der nanokristallinen Injektionszelle

A new molecular photovoltaic system for solar light harvesting and conversion to electricity has been developed. It is based on the spectral sensitization of a nanocrystalline semiconductor film by transition metal complexes. The film consists of nanometersized colloxidal titanium dioxide particles sintered together to allow for charge carrier transport. Ruthenium- and osmium-based sensitizers have so far achieved the best performance, both from the efficiency as well as the stability point of view. Carboxylated and phosphonated polypyridyl complexes of these two metals give extraordinary efficiencies for the conversion of incident photons into electric current, exceeding 90 percent within the wavelength range of their absorption band. For several years, the outstanding performance of cis-di(thio-cyanato)bis(2,2′-bipyridyl-4,4′-dicarboxylate)ruthenium(II) was unmatched by any other sensitizer. Only very recently have phosphonated terpyridyl complexes of ruthenium been developed that achieve similar photovoltaic performance. The present paper discusses the underlying physical principles of these astonishing findings. Exploiting this discovery, we have developed a lowcost photovoltaic cell whose overall light to electric energy conversion yield is 10 percent under direkt (AM 1.5) solar irradiation. For the first time, a device based on a simple molecular light absorber is attaining a conversion efficiency commensurate with that of silicon-based photovoltaic cells, but at a much lower cost.     

Photovoltaik in Österreich — Marktdaten, Kostenentwicklung, Fördermaßnahmen und Erfahrungen

The first autonomous photovoltaic systems were used to supply electricity on board of satellites. In Austria the first applications of solar electric systems were transmitter stations and mountain cabins in the Alps. This market segment developed very well even without any funding. Grid connected photovoltaic systems are modular units. Solar panels can be integrated in roof surfaces and facade elements in the building sector. The market developed well with help of funding systems like the Austrian 200 kW Rooftop Programme. As a consequence a lot of know how could be gained. In co-operation with the Technical University of Vienna an innovative inverter was developed by the company Fronius.