Fire Resistance of Wood Joist Floor Assemblies

This paper discusses the factors that affect the fire resistance performance of lightweight wood frame unrestrained floor assemblies protected with Type X gypsum board ceiling finishes. Twenty-two fire resistance experiments were conducted on full-scale load-bearing wood joist floor assemblies using the ULC standard fire exposure time–temperature curve that is similar to ASTM E119 standard. Parameters investigated in this study include the effects of gypsum board screws spacing from board edges, insulation installation, insulation type, joist spacing for assemblies with gypsum board attached to resilient channels, joist depth, resilient channel installation, resilient channel spacing, sub-floor topping, number of sub-floor layers, and load magnitude. The impact of these parameters on the fire resistance of wood joist frame floor assemblies is discussed. The fire resistance of wood frame floors appears essentially to be governed by the gypsum board screw spacing from the board edges and the type of insulation in assemblies with one layer of gypsum board and by the resilient channel spacing and the gypsum board screw spacing from the board edges in assemblies with two layers of gypsum board. The effects of other parameters in assemblies with two layers of gypsum board such as the joist spacing where the gypsum boards are attached to resilient channels, installation of resilient channels, insulation installation, insulation type, adding gyp-crete topping above the sub-floor and number of sub-floor layers on fire resistance are relatively insignificant.     

Factors Influencing Fire Resistance of Load-bearing Steel Stud Walls

This paper presents the effect of various factors on the fire resistance of load-bearing, gypsum board protected, steel stud wall assemblies. A detailed experimental study was conducted to evaluate the fire resistance of 14 full-scale steel stud wall assemblies. Both single row and double row steel stud configurations with installation of gypsum board on each of the exposed and unexposed sides, and with and without insulation in the cavity, were considered in the experimental program. The insulation used were glass, rock and dry blown cellulose fibers. Data from the experimental program are used to determine the effects of stud-spacing, shear membrane, load intensity, resilient channel installation, insulation type and gauge thickness of studs on the fire resistance of gypsum board-protected, steel stud wall assemblies. Results from the studies show that the insulation type and number of gypsum board layers have significant influence on the fire resistance of steel stud wall assemblies. Prior to August 2005, he was a Senior Research Officer at the Institute for Research in Construction, National Research Council of Canada.     

Fire Resistance of Steel C-Joist Floor Assemblies

This paper discusses the factors that affect the fire resistance performance of lightweight steel-framed (LSF) unrestrained floor assemblies protected with Type X gypsum board ceiling finishes. Sixteen fire resistance experiments were conducted on full-scale load-bearing steel C-joist floor assemblies using the ULC standard fire exposure time–temperature curve that is similar to ASTM E119 standard. Parameters investigated in this study include the effects of insulation installation, insulation type, joist spacing, resilient channel installation, resilient channel spacing, type of sub-floor layer and number of sub-floor layers versus number of gypsum board layers. The impact of these parameters on the fire resistance of steel C-joist frame floor assemblies is discussed. The fire resistance of LSF floors appears to be essentially governed by the number of gypsum board layers, spacing of the joists or resilient channels where the gypsum boards are attached, sub-floor type and insulation type. Other parameters are of secondary importance.     

Fire Resistance of Loadbearing Steel-Stud Wall Protected with Gypsum Board: A Review

With the increased use of cold-formed lightweight steel framing (LSF), there is growing demand for the proper assessment of its performance in building fires. In partnership with the North American steel industry, the National Research Council of Canada (NRC) is conducting an experimental and analytical study on the fire resistance of loadbearing cold-formed steel-framed wall and floor assemblies. As part of this collaboration, this literature survey summarizes the information available on the topics related to the fire resistance of loadbearing cold-formed steel-stud walls clad with gypsum board. The current practice of establishing their fire-resistance rating, based on full-scale furnace tests, is assessed. Previous experimental and analytical studies on the subject and on the thermal and mechanical properties of the constituent materials—steel, gypsum board, and insulation—at elevated temperatures are also discussed. Future research needs are identified in the context of recent performance-based fire safety engineering concepts.     

石膏板结构的吸声与隔声性能研究及其应用

石膏板是一种性能优越的建筑材料,但仅仅把石膏板作为单独的一张板材孤立地来看待,它的吸声性能和隔声性能并不显著。严格地说,石膏板不是吸声材料。然而,倘若把石膏板安装于龙骨上,并赋予其它条件,使它构筑成一个系统,那么,这种系统的吸声性能与隔声性能就明显提高了。通过对各种石膏板系统的研究,从建筑物吸声与隔声的角度,阐述石膏板系统的声学性能。以期通过采用不同石膏板系统的组合搭配来满足各类建筑物的吸声与隔声要求。     

聚乙烯醇在石膏聚苯板外墙内保温体系中的应用

介绍适用于夏热冬冷地区的石膏聚苯板外墙内保温体系的特点、材料组成、产品配方、石膏以及外加剂的性能等。通过实验确定了聚乙烯醇粉末胶粘剂在石膏聚苯板外墙内保温体系中的作用。     

A model for predicting heat transfer through noninsulated unloaded steel-stud gypsum board wall assemblies exposed to fire

With the advent of performance-based codes and performance-based fire safety design options, validated fire-resistance models have become essential. In this paper, a one-dimensional heat transfer model for steel-stud, noninsulated, unloaded gypsum board protected wall assemblies is presented. Also presented are a comparison between temperature predictions and measured temperatures at different locations in gypsum board wall assemblies as well as a comparison between the predicted and measured fire-resistance ratings. The model, which predicts slightly conservative fire-resistance ratings compared to the experimental measurements, is appropriate for most fire safety engineering applications. Considerations for further model development are identified.     

发泡陶瓷保温板外保温系统建筑应用与质量控制

外墙外保温系统的防火性能、耐久性能已备受业内重视。发泡陶瓷保温板是一种新型的防火、保温材料,用于外墙外保温系统可大大提高系统的防火、耐久性能。对该保温材料及其外保温系统、防火隔离带构造进行了研究和试点应用,结果表明该技术防火性能佳、与建筑同寿命、施工便捷、质量通病少,具有广阔的应用前景。详述了其施工和质量控制要点。     

Testing low-flame-spread wallcoverings on typical construction substrates in ASTM E84

Model building codes currently exempt wallcoverings less than 1/28 inch thick from any form of testing if their surface burning characteristics are no greater than paper wallcovering of the same thickness. However, theLife Safety Code Handbook points out that both the substrate and the air cavity behind the substrate may affect the performance of thin wallcoverings in fire conditions and recommends that wallcoverings less than 1/28 inch thick also be tested as they would be installed in the field. Model building code requirements regulate the surface burning characteristics of building materials by referencing, or basing their own standards on, ASTM E84. To determine whether ASTM E84 could be adapted to produce useable flame spread results when wallcoverings were tested on an actual wall assembly, two ASTM E84 tests were conducted on one low-flame-spread-rated-wallcovering with an FSI of 5 at Underwriters Laboratories' facility in Northbrook, Illinois. Both tests used 5/8-inch Type X gypsum board as the construction substrate on full wall assemblies. Results indicated that the wallcovering performed differently when tested as a wall assembly.     

岩棉保温装饰一体板在钢边框复合轻质板中的应用研究

探讨一种适用于钢结构装配式住宅的外墙外保温体系的组成、岩棉保温装饰一体板与钢边框复合轻质板的连接方式、外墙外保温体系的系统试验等。该外墙外保温体系具有保温效果好、防火性能优异、体系连接安全、施工效率高等优点,具有广阔的应用前景。     

新型建筑节能材料在御景天成项目中的应用

阐述了建筑节能的定义及其优点,结合御景天成项目概况,介绍了新型建筑节能材料在御景天成项目中的应用,详细探讨了增强石膏聚苯复合板外墙内保温施工工艺要点,为类似工程施工提供了参考借鉴。     

Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Gypsum Plasterboards in Fire

The fire performance of light timber frame assemblies mainly depends on the protection provided by the cladding. A comprehensive experimental and numerical analysis on the fire behaviour of protective cladding made of gypsum plasterboards and wood-based panels has been recently carried out at ETH Zurich. The paper describes the main results of the experimental and numerical analyses carried out with gypsum plasterboards. The results of the experimental and numerical analysis allowed the development of a design model for the verification of the separating function (insulation and integrity criteria) of light timber frame wall-and-floor assemblies.     

岩棉板外墙外保温防火结构的创新应用

为了提高建筑外墙外保温围护结构的防火性,使得外保温围护结构能够与墙体具有防火等级相同、耐久性与墙体使用寿命相同,选用岩棉板外墙外保温防火结构系统,采用先进的岩棉板加钢丝网锚固技术、保温层抗裂技术、内外层一体化设计及施工技术,成功地应用在具体工程中,通过竣工后检测,其传热系数、耐候性指标均达到了相关标准规定的要求,可为同类工程提供参考。     

增强石膏聚苯复合保温板生产及施工技术

介绍了增强石膏聚苯复合保温板生产工艺，在全国目前最大的经济适用房小区之一的北京市回龙观文化居住区一期工程建设施工中的成功经验以及施工做法。     

速成墙板及其在钢结构工程中的应用

速成墙板是一种新型环保节能建筑材料,具有质地轻,防火性能好,空腔可穿设水电管线,填充轻体材料后,可提高保温、隔声性能,施工速度快,安装方便,环保节能效果明显等优点。工程实践证明,速成墙板具有良好的经济效益和社会效益。     

西部生土低技民居建筑的再生设计研究——以南疆新型石膏土坯墙结构房屋为例

介绍了一种适宜南疆民居建设的新型绿色生土建筑;石膏土坯墙结构具有良好的保温和抗震性能.文中对该结构的构造特点、工程实践也作了简要叙述, 说明该结构形式在我国干旱少雨地区有一定的推广价值.     

岩棉钢网架板外墙外保温技术性能及应用分析

对岩棉钢网架板外墙外保温技术的原理、特点、构造及性能要求做了系统的介绍,并对该技术的施工过程和未来应用进行了分析。岩棉钢网架板外墙外保温具有较好的防火性能、墙体的平均传热系数在0.35～0.50 W(/m2.K),绝热效果良好,采用把岩棉板固定于钢网架内,解决了岩棉板下坠的问题,系统的抗拉强度高、整体性和耐久性良好,使用年限可达25年以上。该技术在以后的工程实践中应需注意岩棉板的市场供应、面砖缝隙开裂、岩棉板吸水问题及岩棉板加工和施工中对人的影响等问题。     

高层建筑混凝土DGJ外墙外保温的应用

介绍了当前高层建筑混凝土外墙外保温的新型保温材料DGJ保温板的特点和技术性能，简述了DGJ保温板代替混凝土的外墙粘聚苯板的施工工艺，指出使用这种新型的外墙保温材料效果良好，施工安全可靠，方便快捷，经济合理，值得推广应用。     

蒸压膨胀珍珠岩保温板的研制及性能分析

采用2种堆积密度不同的膨胀珍珠岩作轻骨料,以水泥和自制胶结料作为胶凝材料,通过蒸压养护方式制备成保温板,并进行了憎水处理。结果表明,采用该工艺制备的保温板其抗压及抗折强度优于GB/T 10303—2001《膨胀珍珠岩绝热制品》标准要求;有机硅憎水剂乳液可显著降低保温板的体积吸水率。     

某高层住宅外墙复合保温板施工技术

某高层住宅项目外墙采用由挤塑聚苯乙烯泡沫板和轻混凝土复合而成的复合保温板,该复合保温板不仅作外墙外保温用,同时作外墙的外模板使用。结合工程实践,介绍了该复合保温板的工艺特点和施工流程。结果表明,该外墙保温系统整体性好,具有良好的保温节能效果,并能有效提高施工进度,降低工程造价。