电流模式DC-DC转换器中高性能电流检测电路的分析与设计

在电流模式控制的DC-DC转换器电路中,电流检测电路是其重要的组成模拟单元之一。文章分析了目前电流检测电路的优缺点,给出了一种高性能无额外功率损耗的高精度电流检测电路的设计方法,并在HHNEC BCD0.35μm的工艺下,用Spectre进行了仿真验证。结果表明,该电路结构简单、易于实现,并已成功应用于某型Boost DC-DC电压转换电路中。     

用于Buck型电源芯片的电流检测电路

电流检测是采用电流模式PWM控制方案的DC-DC变换器中最重要的技术之一。分析了目前电流检测电路的优点和不足,基于TSMC0.18μm工艺,设计了一款高精度的电流检测电路,该电路不需要运算放大器,从而简化了电路结构,降低了设计的复杂度,而且有很好的线性度,其采样率不会随着温度和输入电压的改变而改变,实现了高精度的检测。     

采用电压跟随结构的精密电流检测系统设计

设计了一种基于电阻采样法的电流检测系统。在电流检测电路和A/D电路之间设计了电压跟随结构以消除A/D电路对电流检测过程的扰动。系统地分析了电流检测的误差来源,其主要由取样电阻器的误差、运放失调电压和ADC的失调误差三部分造成,其中运放失调电压是主要的误差来源。测试结果表明:所设计的电流检测电路可实现电流的实时检测,电流测量精度达到10μA,测量误差率小于5%。     

高精度电流偏置电路的设计

提出了一款应用于RF无线收发芯片的高精度电流偏置电路。综合考虑功耗、面积和失调电压对基准电压的影响,设计了一款符合实际应用的带隙基准电路。并以带隙基准电路作基准电流源的偏置,采用电压电流转换器结构设计了具有高电源电压抑制比（PSRR）的基准电流源。电流镜采用辅助运放的设计方法来提高电流镜的输出阻抗,减小沟道调制效应对输出的基准电流的影响,从而提高输出基准电流的精度。采用0．35μzmCMOS工艺设计芯片版图,版图面积为0．18mm^2。提取寄生参数（PEX）仿真结果表明,该电路在-55℃～＋90℃范围内的温度系数为15．5ppm／℃,室温下基准电压为1．2035V;在低频段电流源的电源抑制比为90dB;在外接电阻从1kΩ～400kΩ变化时,输出基准电流误差范围是0．0001μA。     

具有270V共模抑制性能的双向隔离式高端电流检测模块(CN0240)

电路功能与优势 所示电路能够在直流电压高达±270V的电源上监控双向电流,且线性误差小于1％.负载电流通过电路外部的一个分流电阻.分流电阻值应适当选择,使得在晟大负载电流时的分流电压约为100mV.     

双极型步进电机的斩波驱动电路设计

设计了一款用于双极型步进电机的斩波驱动电路,采用可变增益放大器实现电流检测和角度细分以提高精度,采用新型低功耗功率放大电路降低芯片功耗,并采用0.35μm BCD工艺,最高输出电压为35 V,驱动能力为±2.5 A。测试结果表明,负载电源静态电流为3.9 m A,功率管导通电阻不超过0.23Ω,斩波电流误差小于8%。     

一种高性能电荷泵电压转换器设计

设计了一种高性能电荷泵电压转换器.该电压转换器能够将3V-18V电压转换为相应的负压,主要采用了MOSFET开关结构和具有参考电压的振荡电路.该转换器电路输出电压效率在工作温度范围内能达到99％以上.电源电流在15V时小于700μA.输出电流大.     

一种适用于锂电池的电流监测电路设计

提出了一种适用于锂电池的电流监测电路,通过在锂电池供电环路引入灵敏电阻对电流进行采样,并使用时钟控制开关电容运算放大器和高速比较器,实现从模拟信号到数字信号的转换。在处理器中进行精确电流量的运算,能对过流、短路电流进行保护,也能用于精确计算电池阻抗、电量等相关参数。电路基于0.18μm CMOS工艺,电源电压为2.5 V。对所设计电路进行了仿真验证。结果表明,该电路在-40℃~+125℃应用环境温度范围内能够实现对电流的采样和编码功能,并且能对充放电动作进行判断。     

一种适用于无源RFID测温标签的温度传感器

提出了一个适用于无源RFID温度检测标签芯片的低压、低功耗、快速A/D转换的数字温度传感器电路。采用BJT管的Vbe电压和PTAT电流相结合的方法,同时使用SAR A/D转换器,避免了使用带隙基准电压电路所需的较高工作电压,使电路在1 V以上就可工作。电路的功耗电流约4μA,使用80 kHz的时钟,A/D转换时间小于100μs。     

采用BCDMOS技术的电流模降压型DC-DC转换器功率级设计

给出采用0.8μm 30 V BCDMOS工艺技术的电流模降压型DC-DC转换器的功率级设计,该功率级可以输出3 A负载电流,转换效率可达到92%.主要描述了电流模降压型DC-DC转换器功率级的建模以及功率级电路和版图设计,包括功率晶体管及驱动电路、功率晶体管采样电流及斜波补偿电路,最后给出了该功率级设计的测试结果.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.