ZnO纳米棒的绿色合成及光催化性能研究

以Zn(Ac)2·2H2O和NaOH为反应物,以离子液体1-十二烷基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐[C12mim][BF4]水溶液为反应介质,80℃下制得ZnO纳米棒。采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和紫外可见吸收光谱(UVVis absorption spectra)对纳米ZnO的形貌和结构进行了表征,以有机染料亚甲基蓝溶液为光催化反应模型降解物,考察纳米ZnO的光催化性能。结果表明,制备出的纳米氧化锌呈棒状,宽约10nm,长约160nm,为六方纤锌矿结构。紫外灯照射120min后,对亚甲基蓝溶液的降解率可达到86.3%。     

纳米氧化锌中空柱的制备及其光催化性能的研究

以醋酸锌和氨水为原料,超声法制备出氧化锌中空柱,采用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、Uv-vis漫反射对纳米ZnO的形貌、结构进行了表征,以有机染料亚甲基蓝溶液为光催化反应模型降解物,考察纳米ZnO的光催化性能。结果表明:制备出的纳米氧化锌呈中空的柱形,长约2～3μm,直径约300nm,壁厚约40nm,结晶良好。当加入纳米ZnO为0.4g/L,光降解时间为75min,对亚甲基蓝溶液的降解率可达到99.08%。     

核壳纳米复合材料的光催化和抑菌性能研究

通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了银(Ag)@氧化锌(ZnO)纳米复合材料(Ag@ZnO),并采用激光粒度分布仪(DLS)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)和热重分析仪(TGA)等仪器设备对制得的样品的形貌、晶型、热稳定性等进行了测试。结果表明:Ag@ZnO纳米复合材料呈现出良好的复合结构,粒径约50nm,具有良好的热稳定性能。研究了Ag@ZnO纳米复合材料对亚甲基蓝的光催化性能和对大肠杆菌等生物细菌的抑制性能。Ag@ZnO纳米复合微粒对亚甲基蓝溶液具有良好的光催化降解性能,降解率达到85%;对大肠杆菌具有很好的抑制性能。     

氧化锌/氧化镁纳米复合材料的制备及其光催化性能研究

采用微波辅助共沉淀法制备了纳米氧化锌/氧化镁(ZnO/MgO)光催化剂,并对催化剂样品进行了X射线衍射、透射电镜、红外光谱以及紫外-可见吸收光谱等表征。以亚甲基蓝(MB)为目标降解物对不同锌镁比的ZnO/MgO催化剂样品及相同方法下合成的ZnO及MgO进行光催化降解实验。结果表明:合成的纳米ZnO/MgO光催化剂由立方相的ZnO和非晶相的MgO组成,其尺寸均匀,在40nm左右,并在紫外区域吸收性能良好。光催化降解MB实验表明,锌镁比为2∶1时ZnO/MgO催化剂的光催化性能最佳。     

纳米ZnO/电气石复合粉体的制备及其对亚甲基蓝光催化性能的研究

以NaOH、ZnSO4·7H2O和电气石为原料,采用室温固相法制备纳米ZnO/电气石复合粉体。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对复合粉体的物相及形貌进行了表征,并考察了复合粉体对亚甲基蓝的光催化降解性能。实验结果表明,纳米ZnO可紧密地包覆在电气石表面形成ZnO/电气石复合粉体。光催化降解实验、紫外-可见漫反射光谱、荧光光谱分析等测试表明,添加电气石粉体可有效地提高ZnO/电气石复合粉体的光吸收能力、荧光发射能力以及对亚甲基蓝的光催化降解性能。     

碳包覆ZnO-TiO_2纳米纤维的制备及其太阳光催化性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法和静电纺丝法制备ZnO-TiO_2纳米纤维和碳包覆ZnO-TiO_2纳米纤维,以扫描电镜、热重-差示热量、红外光谱、X射线衍射和比表面积分析等方法进行表征。以10mg/L亚甲基蓝溶液为底物,研究了ZnO掺杂量对亚甲基蓝光催化降解性能的影响。结果表明:ZnO的质量分数为3%的碳包覆ZnO-TiO_2纳米纤维光催化性能最高,太阳光照射6h时亚甲基蓝的降解率达到94.4%。对其光催化机理进行了简要分析。     

合成条件对Bi_2MoO_6/ZnO纳米复合材料光催化性能的影响

采用水热法在不同的反应温度、反应时间和不同pH值条件下原位合成纳米Bi_2MoO_6/ZnO复合材料,使用XRD,SEM分析了产物的相结构与微观相貌,通过Bi_2MoO_6/ZnO光催化降解亚甲基蓝溶液,分析复合物的光催化性能。研究结果表明,在pH=6、反应温度为160℃、反应时间为12 h的条件下,可以得到结晶度较高的Bi_2MoO_6/ZnO纳米复合材料,且在可见光照射条件下90 min,对亚甲基蓝的降解率最大达到97.6%。Bi_2MoO_6/ZnO纳米复合材料在光降解领域具有潜在应用价值。     

分级介孔结构组成的ZnO微球及光催化性能

以硝酸锌、脲素及酒石酸为反应物, 采用水热法制备碱式碳酸锌前驱体微球, 通过煅烧前驱体制备了介孔氧化锌微球。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)可以观察到, 氧化锌微球的直径约为2~4 μm, 由大量厚度约为10 nm的介孔纳米片组装而成。X 射线衍射(XRD)和透射电镜(TEM)结果表明: ZnO微球为六方纤锌矿结构, 并结晶较好。比表面积测试(BET)表明ZnO微球为介孔材料, 孔径为20~50 nm, ZnO微球比表面积约为29.8 m²/g。以亚甲基蓝为目标降解物, 对介孔氧化锌微球进行了光催化降解实验。实验结果表明, 所合成的介孔ZnO微球对亚甲基蓝的光催化性能较好。     

Ce掺杂氧化锌的制备及应用研究

以醋酸锌和硝酸铈为原料,采用水热法制备氧化锌(ZnO)纳米棒和铈(Ce)掺杂的Ce-ZnO复合材料。并对样品的物理和光学性能进行了表征。以亚甲基蓝溶液为模拟废水,研究了制得的ZnO复合材料的紫外光催化脱色效能。结果表明,在Ce用量为1.5%(摩尔分数),紫外光照时间为50min条件下,光催化性能最好,Ce-ZnO对100mL浓度为10mg/L的亚甲基蓝(MB)溶液的降解率达到98.6%,经过4次循环,对MB的降解率仍达94.1%,说明材料的光催化稳定性较好。     

g-C_3N_4/TiO_2对亚甲基蓝光催化性能研究

采用偏钛酸为钛前驱体,三聚氰胺为氮源,制备g-C3N4/TiO2复合纳米光催化材料,研究不同原料配比、焙烧温度及不同焙烧时间制备的g-C3N4/TiO2光催化材料对亚甲基蓝以可见光激发降解亚甲基蓝溶液,考察其光催化活性,采用紫外-可见吸收(UV-Vis)光谱、三维荧光(FS)光谱进行机理研究。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.