土地价值的回归——减缓城市边界无限扩张的规划探索

随着城市化进程的加快,城市边界扩张的问题引起了社会的广泛关注,如何在众多的城市限制政策中寻求适合我国国情的城市发展之路,逐渐成为一个焦点性问题。本文从城市边界的扩张现状出发,结合国外一些城市限制政策的模式,以土地的价值为根本,使土地价值回归到原初的价值取向,探索一条解决城市边界无限扩张的规划道路。     

银川市城市化与人居环境协调发展初探

随着城市化进程的加快,城市经济飞速发展,城市人居环境的大幅度改善,城市化进程中区域城市化水平与人居环境之间的矛盾日益突出.文章通过对银川市2002～2008年城市化与人居环境方面的实证资料分析,建立银川市城市化与人居环境建设评价指标体系,运用层次分析法及协调度模型对银川市城市化水平与人居环境的协调发展进行分析.结果表明2002～2008年银川市城市化与人居环境两大系统基本上处于和谐协调发展状态,但二者之间依然存在矛盾,对此提出协调发展的相关对策和建议.     

City‐size distribution in the Saudi Arabian Urban system

The purpose of this paper is to model the national and regional city‐size distribution of the Saudi Arabian urban system using 1987 population estimates, and to examine the factors that have influenced the development of the urban system. The pareto coefficients of the national and regional distributions were found to be low, signifying the prevalence of smaller sized cities in the distribution. The national system was found to have a multi‐city primacy situation, while the regional distributions displayed varied primacy characteristics. Factors noted to influence the development of the urban system include geographical and economic factors, as well as public policies. The paper identified three areas of population agglomeration and it is concluded that future growth might lead to a regional convergence depending on policy initiatives and on whether the urban system follows the typical pattern of other urban systems.     

Land Use Conflict Across the Airport Fence: Competing Urban Policy,Planning and Priority in Australia

Land use planning within and surrounding privatised Australian capital city airports is a fragmented process as a result of: current legislative and policy frameworks; competing stakeholder priorities and interests; and inadequate coordination and disjointed decision-making. Three Australian case studies are examined to detail the context of airport and regional land use planning. Stakeholder Land Use Forums within each case study have served to inform the procedural dynamics and relationships between airport and regional land use decision-making. This article identifies significant themes and stakeholder perspectives regarding on-airport development and broader urban land use policy and planning. First, it outlines the concept of the “airport city” and examines the model of airport and regional “interfaces.” Then, it details the policy context that differentiates on-airport land use planning from planning within the surrounding region. The article then analyses the results of the Land Use Forums identifying key themes within the shared and reciprocal interfaces of governance, environment, economic development and infrastructure. The article concludes by detailing the implications of this research to broader urban planning and highlights the core issues contributing to the fragmentation of airport and regional land use planning policy.     

探索城市生态修复的低碳园林途径

风景园林的本质在于展现园林艺术之美的同时提升生态效益。城市生态修复试图把人、自然、生态和谐地统一起来,力求在环境影响最小化的基础上,呈现最优的景观效果,从而实现最大的生态效益。为满足城市生态修复的上述需求,低碳园林从更多的层面促进城市生态修复,带来对环境影响的共识。同时,低碳园林在对受损的生态系统进行修复并加以重建的过程中,往往具有改善生态环境、实现可持续发展的共同特征。笔者致力于开展生态宜居城市建设、推进生态环境可持续改善,主持的许多项目均具有典型的节能、减碳、环境修复性质,为天津城市生态修复探索了创新途径。     

日本市区中心活性化政策研究

日本经济发展至今,随着地域不断向郊外扩展,市区中心的衰退现象日益严重。针对此问题,日本政府制定了一系列的政策措施,期望能改善市区中心的各项职能,使之恢复往日的生机与活力。本文以紧凑城市的理念为前提,选取若干个日本典型的地方城市,对各个城市的市区中心现状及其实施的市区中心活性化政策的发展变迁进行研究,探讨现今实施政策的问题点,并根据现状及存在问题提出相应的改进,以期在以后政策制订及实施过程中得以完善。并希望能够对我国高速发展的城市化进程中所出现的问题起到借鉴作用。     

国家创新型城市发展中的规划作用——兼论深圳产业布局规划的思路演变与实施成效

从城市发展和产业发展两条主线阐述了深圳建设国家创新型城市历程的阶段性特点,期间城市政策与产业政策对深圳创新发展产生了重要影响。深圳三个产业布局规划案例的编制思路变化及其实施效果表明,有效的产业布局规划应研究产业的空间需求,并创造适应其发展的空间环境,而不要试图对各类产业空间进行直接安排。深圳最新的规划政策实践则说明政府的产业空间政策应以问题为导向,致力解决创新发展面临的现实困难。     

The Role of Planning in National Innovative City Development: On the Evolution and Implementation Effect of Shenzhen Industry Layout Planning

From the two perspectives of urban development and industrial development, this paper presents and explains the stage characteristics of the evolution process of Shenzhen to build a national innovative city, on which both the urban and the industrial policies produce remarkable influences. By analyzing three cases of industry layout planning of Shenzhen, in particular the evolution of planning thoughts and the implementation effect of the plans, this paper argues that an effective industry layout planning should focus on studying the spatial requirements of industries and creating the suitable physical environment for industrial development instead of directly arranging the layout of various industries. Moreover, the implementation of the latest planning policy in Shenzhen proves that the industry space policies issued by the local government should be problem-oriented and be aimed to solve the practical difficulties in the innovative development.     

从西方规划理论看我国城市规划理论的转型与发展

20世纪60年代以来,西方城市规划界经历了规划理论的嬗变,系统理论、理性规划理论、西方马克思主义和批判理论、新右翼规划理论、实用主义理论、规划师作为倡导者的理论、后现代主义规划理论和协作式规划理论是其中的主要代表。我国改革开放30年来,我国规划理论的主要思路是应对经济增长、应对区域竞争和应对改善需求。随着发展环境的变化,转型时期我国城市规划的理论要从应对转型发展、应对社会治理、应对城市分化和应对规划体制变革等方面入手分析和构建。     

南京城市空间扩展的特征与机制

城市空间的扩展是城市生长的需求和体现。城市的形成和发展是一个时空过程 ,具有继承性 ,对一个城市的空间扩展状态的研究和对城市扩展的时空规律和动力机制的探讨可以使人们正确把握其在城市化进程中所处的阶段 ,预测城市发展趋势。本文以南京市为例探讨了其在 80年代以来城市空间扩展及结构演化的现象和特点。