中国房价涨势的需求拉动和溢出效应研究

基于 2006~2016 年中国 30 个省市的房价面板数据,运用固定效应模型和分位数回归从整体和局部的视角来探讨房价波动的影响因素。研究结果表明:从整体来看,收入和房价溢出水平拉动房价上涨的特征较为明显;在东部地区,人口因素对房价波动的正向影响强于其他因素;在中部地区,建设成本和房价溢出因素的变动对房价波动的影响最大;在西部地区,人口因素和房价溢出因素对房价涨势的影响最为显著。研究认为,应坚持贯彻“房子是用来住的,不是用来炒的”理念,遏制房地产的投机行为,使住房逐步恢复到原有的“居住”属性。     

基于景观地形的小流域单元减灾调控评价研究

近年来,中国诸多大中城市内涝灾害频发。武汉市作为城市内涝频发的典型城市,其建成区地表高度(20.0~24.0 m)大多低于外江常年所处的洪水位高度(23.9 m),在区域性暴雨条件下,极易引发内涝灾害。武汉由于其内涝典型性,2013年被列为全国31个重点防洪城市之一,2015年被列入首批海绵城市试点城市之一。从城市内涝发生机理出发,以水文角度的小流域单元作为内涝风险区划的基本单元,利用小流域单元分析武汉市景观地形要素(地表高程、地表起伏度、地表粗糙度)与城市内涝积水密度的相关性及其影响程度,量算统计出小流域单元的内涝风险等级。基于此,提出武汉市小流域单元减灾地形调控评价。以武汉市作为城市内涝问题的研究案例,以期为武汉市内涝缓解提供新的思考路径,具有典型性和必要性。     

我国沿海危化品运输事故分析及危险源辨识

为了探究沿海地区危险化学品道路运输事故特征,辨识相关风险因子,以2016-2020年我国沿海地区发生的362起危险化学品运输事故为例,从事故发生的时间分布、省份分布、危险化学品类别及形态、事故类型、事故原因等多方面进行统计分析.结果表明:近5年来,我国危险化学品运输事故逐年减少.每年的5月、9月、12月,每天的清晨是事...     

Occurrence and potential risks of harmful algal blooms in the East China Sea

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) have drawn great attention in coastal areas worldwide in the past decades because of their multiple effects on marine ecosystems as well as public health. This study utilized geographic information system (GIS) techniques to analyze the primary data on HABs, as well as shellfish toxins data, in the East China Sea from 2000 to 2006. The frequency of HABs was mapped by kernel density estimation, and the relative risk posed by HABs was assessed based on their physical-chemical characteristics. In addition, the spatial patterns and the trend of HAB events were examined by nearest neighbor analysis and time series analysis, respectively. The results revealed that HAB events not only had an increasing trend and significant seasonality, but also were clustered in space and time. HAB events displayed a higher frequency and a higher risk in Zhejiang coastal waters, particularly in the Zhoushan Archipelago, the largest marine fishery in China. Shellfish toxins were detected in areas with high HAB risk, but were not correlated with the risk. This paper provides a novel method to assess the relative risk caused by HABs and some useful information for HAB monitoring and management and aquaculture development.     

A field investigation of the thermal environment and adaptive thermal behavior in bedrooms in different climate regions in China

Sleep thermal environments substantially impact sleep quality. To study the sleep thermal environment and thermal comfort in China, this study carried out on-site monitoring of thermal environmental parameters in peoples’ homes, including 166 households in five climate zones, for one year. A questionnaire survey on sleep thermal comfort and adaptive behavior was also conducted. The results showed that the indoor temperature for sleep in northern China was more than 4°C higher than that in southern China in winter, while the indoor temperatures for sleep were similar in summer. Furthermore, 70% of people were satisfied with their sleep thermal environment. Due to the use of air conditioning and window opening in various areas in summer, people were satisfied with their sleep thermal environments. Due to the lack of central heating in the southern region in winter, people feel cold and their sleep thermal environment needs further improvement. The bedding insulation in summer and winter in northern China was 1.83clo and 2.67clo, respectively, and in southern China was 2.21clo and 3.17clo, respectively. Both northern China and southern China used air conditioning only in summer. People in southern China opened their windows all year, while those in northern China opened their windows during the summer and transitional periods.     

Spatial Agglomeration Characteristics of Office Areas and Residential Areas Around Rail Transit Stations: A Case Study of Beijing,China

Based on the data of residential buildings and office buildings in the built-up area of Beijing, using quantitative analysis tools such as correlation analysis, ArcGIS kernel density analysis and cluster analysis, this paper discussed the spatial agglomeration characteristics of office areas and residential areas around the rail transit station from the two levels of micro structure and macro distribution. The results showed that:(1) The spatial agglomeration of offices and residences around the rail transit station had an obvious concentric ring structure, and such concentric ring structure was most obvious in the transfer area of rail transit from 5 km to 10 km from the city center.(2) Both the residential space and office space presented distinct spatial differences and multi-center agglomeration characteristics. The office space was mainly distributed between the East Third Ring Road and West Third Ring Road as well as the South Second Ring Road to the North Fifth Ring Road, and agglomerated in the China World Tower, the Beijing Financial Street and Zhongguancun, while the residential space was spread from the center of the city to the surrounding area.(3) From the perspective of jobs-housing balance, the areas of jobs-housing balance were mainly distributed within the fourth ring of northern Beijing, while the peripheral areas and southern Beijing were mainly residential functions, and the impact of Beijing rail transit on urban spatial structure was still in its infancy.     

南京国际展览中心索网点支式幕墙设计与施工

南京国际展览中心位于玄武湖畔 ,建筑面积 890 0 0m2 ,国内首次采用预应力拉索体系支承的点支幕墙 ,面积达 12 0 0 0m2 ,介绍了这种体系的设计方法、试验研究和施工安装要求。     

人文地理与城乡规划专业招生的时空演化及驱动因素——以湖北省属高校为例

随着社会对规划人才需求的提升,各高校人文地理与城乡规划专业的招生也引起了广泛关注。从地理学视角出发,对2013—2017年湖北省属高校人文地理与城乡规划专业招生的时空特征和影响因素进行分析。从时间上来看,研究期内该专业招生人数整体呈下滑趋势,2013—2015年下降幅度较大,2016年有所回升,但幅度较小。2013—2017年,该专业在外省计划招生人数逐渐上升,但不影响整体趋势。从空间上来看,以地理特征划分,招生人数总体呈现西多东少、中部居中、东北无分布的格局,以秦岭—淮河为界划分,总体呈现南多北少的分布格局。影响该专业招生时空分布的主要因素有人口因素、经济发展水平和政策差异。除上述因素外,社会因素、文化因素等也对该专业招生的时空分布产生一定影响。     

明清苏州滨水街巷分布变化与城市变迁关系

通过对从明崇祯《苏州府城内水道图》到清光绪《苏州巡警分区全图》5张苏州古城图的分析,认为苏州滨水街巷的分布依附水道布设,并恪守"水陆双棋盘"的街道布设格局,其特征由明代的"北密南疏、东西平衡"逐渐演变至清代的"东密西疏、南北平衡"。苏州滨水街巷分布形态的变化是城市空间肌理变迁的表象,深刻反映着明清时期苏州工商经济迅速发展下,人地矛盾、交通矛盾、手工业业缘区域集结与城市变迁的关系。     

Evaluation of flooded areas with satellite imagery using an objective hydrologic criterion

A method for computing flooded areas in relation to precedent climatic conditions in a plain area is evaluated. The studied area includes the most important production area for cattle breeding in Argentina; therefore, waterlogging periods create significant economic losses. In order to conduct this study, Landsat images that represent different hydrological conditions were used. The method is based on the frequency analysis of rainfall records of the 30, 60 and 120 days prior each image, thus obtaining a seasonally weighted mean frequency. In order to minimize biases of individual images, the images were combined linearly so as to obtain composed images with the desired antecedent precipitation frequency. Then, the flooded areas were associated with the frequency of the antecedent rainfall. Therefore, frequencies equal to or higher than 50% are associated with semi‐permanent or permanent lentic waterbodies. Consequently, lower frequencies are associated with waterlogged areas reaching 35% of flooded area for a 20% precipitation frequency.