微波改性活性炭深度处理亚甲基蓝染料废水的研究

为提高粒状活性炭(GAC)的吸附效果,采用微波技术对GAC改性处理,并对GAC和微波改性活性炭(W-GAC)进行表征分析。将COD去除率作为吸附效果的评价指标,以亚甲基蓝溶液作为处理对象,考察了GAC与W-GAC对其吸附性能。结果表明:W-GAC的比表面积与总孔容略有减小,表面酸性含氧基团含量明显减少,碱性基团含量上升。活性炭吸附亚甲基蓝废水的吸附等温线与Langmuir方程拟合较好。     

Mn-Ce双金属/活性炭催化臭氧化处理亚甲基蓝废水

以亚甲基蓝(MB)为研究对象,采用等体积浸渍法制备了不同相对含量的Mn-Ce双金属/活性炭,催化臭氧化处理MB废水,并对催化剂的孔结构和表面性质进行表征。研究表明,MB的氧化降解符合准一级动力学。与单独臭氧化和单金属催化臭氧化相比,Mn-Ce双金属之间的协同作用可以促进对MB的降解活性。在20℃、催化剂投加量为0.4 g/L、pH为6、MB初始质量浓度为200 mg/L的条件下,反应时间为33 min时MB去除率可达100%,COD去除率可达76.1%。催化剂循环使用5次后仍表现良好的催化活性。     

活性炭吸附法处理亚甲基蓝废水的研究

研究了活性炭对水溶液中亚甲基蓝的吸附,通过实验得到了25℃及30℃活性炭吸附亚甲基蓝的吸附平衡数据,从吸附等温线可看出亚甲基蓝水溶液吸附符合Langmuir型。以及在等温吸附条件下,通过改变不同的参数,分别测定了亚甲基蓝废水吸附过程的穿透曲线。     

污泥活性炭的制备及对亚甲基蓝吸附性能研究

以城市污水处理厂的剩余污泥为原料,磷酸为污泥活化剂,采用微波加热法制备了污泥活性炭,考察了吸附剂投加量、吸附时间和p H对吸附效果的影响,并对其吸附动力学特性进行了探讨。结果表明:p H为8,投药量m为0.26 g,吸附时间为59 min,吸附温度为35℃,吸附浓度为58 mg/L时,污泥活性炭对亚甲基蓝的吸附效果最佳。污泥活性炭对亚甲基蓝的吸附满足Langmuir等温吸附方程。     

电絮凝椰壳活性炭吸附耦合技术处理亚甲基蓝废水的研究

染料废水主要来自印染加工的各道工序,具有水量大、浓度高、色度深的特点。针对染料废水难以自然降解的问题,采用电絮凝与活性炭吸附耦合技术处理亚甲基蓝废水。先后探讨了电极板组合、反应时间、电流密度、极板间距、椰壳活性炭投加量对废水处理效果的影响。结果表明在电解时间60 min,电流密度350 mA/cm²,极板间距3.0 cm,活性炭投加量2 g/L时,亚甲基蓝废水去除率可达98.74%。     

污泥活性炭的制备及其脱色性能

以污水污泥为原料,采用物理活化法制得污泥活性炭,并用该活性炭处理染料废水,研究了pH值、污泥活性炭的投加量、温度、吸附时间等因素对染料废水的脱色率和COD去除率的影响。结果表明:用污泥制备的活性炭,其碘值和亚甲基兰吸附值分别为254.36 mg/g和20.26 mg/g,而且BET比表面积值为25.1995 m2/g,总孔容积为0.0399 m3/g,具有较好的吸附性能;将污泥活性炭用来吸附氨基黑染料,并与商品活性炭处理氨基黑染料的效果进行对比,自制污泥活性炭的脱色效果达到了商品活性炭的水平;污泥活性炭对氨基黑染料的吸附过程符合Langmuir吸附等温线。     

活性炭纤维对水中亚甲基蓝的吸附脱色研究

研究了活性炭纤维（ACF）对水中亚甲基蓝的吸附脱色试验,温度为15－20℃,滤速为4mL/min时,浓度为10mg/L的亚甲基蓝脱色率达98％以上。活性炭纤维经20次吸附与解吸实验,吸附脱色性能没有明显降低。与颗粒状活性炭（GAC）相比,活性炭纤维吸附脱色亚甲基蓝的速度快,在短时间内,就能达到吸附平衡。     

微波辐射处理亚甲基蓝染料废水的实验研究

考察了微波辐射后GAC和ACF的SEM形貌,研究了微波辐射处理亚甲基蓝染料模拟废水情况。结果表明：微波辐射后GAC和ACF的烧蚀程度加深,GAC的孔隙直径增大;ACF纤维丝断头增多,纤维丝表面变得粗糙不平;GAC和ACF加入量越大,亚甲基蓝染料的去除率越高;微波辐射时间越长,脱色率越高;微波辐射功率越大,去除率越高;微波辐射催化能够增强GAC和ACF在液相中的吸附能力。ACF吸附性能较GAC好。     

微波诱导活性炭纤维氧化处理亚甲基蓝废水

以活性炭纤维为催化剂,采用微波诱导氧化工艺处理亚甲基蓝废水,考察了活性炭纤维用量、微波辐射时间、溶液浓度、pH值、盐含量、过氧化氢加入量等因素对处理效果的影响。结果表明,0.05 g活性炭纤维与400 mg/L 25 mL废水混合,在微波功率1 000 W,辐射时间120 s的条件下,亚甲基蓝的去除率达到98.2%,pH、盐和过氧化氢加入量对处理效果有不同的影响。微波诱导氧化、活性炭纤维吸附、单独微波辐射和沸水浴加热四种不同工艺的对比实验表明,微波诱导氧化工艺具有明显的优越性,不会对环境造成二次污染,机理是通过吸附和高温氧化协同作用。氧化动力学过程符合一级反应规律。活性炭纤维催化活性随着使用时间增加而减弱,连续使用29 min,催化能力几乎消失。     

活性炭纤维阴极材料处理模拟染料废水

以活性炭纤维为电Fenton反应中的阴极材料,对模拟活性染料废水进行处理。实验得出在不同的反应条件下色度随反应时间的变化规律,同时通过正交实验得出活性炭纤维作为阴极处理染料废水的最佳反应条件及各因素的影响程度。实验表明,利用活性炭纤维作阴极的电Fenton反应对活性染料废水色度的去除具有良好的效果。     

微波制备污泥质活性炭吸附剂及其再生研究

以城市污泥为原料,磷酸和氯化锌为活化剂,微波制备活性炭吸附剂,考察了活化剂浓度、浸渍时间、微波功率和辐射时间等对活性炭产率和吸附性能的影响。结果表明,活性炭对亚甲基蓝吸附值为86.2 mL/g,碘的吸附值为806.0 mg/g。用该活性炭处理含铬废水后再生,其亚甲基蓝吸附值为89.4 mL/g,碘的吸附值为795.3 mg/g,并且再生前后活性炭对含铬废水均有较好的处理效果。该方法操作方便,缩短了活性炭的制备和再生时间,再生效果好。     

基于FNA处理污泥实现城市污水部分短程硝化

为实现城市污水短程硝化厌氧氨氧化生物脱氮,以去除有机物的实际污水为研究对象,考察了游离亚硝酸盐(FNA)处理污泥实现城市污水部分短程硝化的可行性。 结果表明,FNA处理活性污泥后,亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)的亚硝酸盐氧化速率下降程度大于氨氧化菌(AOB)的氨氧化速率,且在0～0.75 mg HNO₂-N·L^-1范围内随着FNA浓度的增加抑制作用增强。接种实际污水厂活性污泥后,系统亚硝酸盐(NO₂^--N)积累率仅为1%,即为全程硝化。在控制污泥龄约为15 d的条件下,采用FNA处理污泥可使系统亚硝酸盐积累率增加至90%以上。水力停留时间调至2.5 h时,实现了部分短程硝化,且出水NO₂^--N/NH₄⁺-N平均值为1.24,可满足厌氧氨氧化脱氮反应的要求。因此采用FNA处理污泥,结合水力停留时间和污泥龄控制可实现城市污水部分短程硝化。     

Addition of activated carbon to batch activated sludge reactors in the treatment of landfill leachate and domestic wastewater

Leachate from a municipal landfill was combined with domestic wastewater and was treated in batch activated sludge systems. The effectiveness and applicability of the addition of Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC) to activated sludge reactors was investigated. Isotherm tests were carried out with PAC in order to estimate the extent of adsorption of organic matter onto PAC. Then, in activated sludge reactors COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) removal and nitrification were studied both in the absence and presence of PAC for comparison purposes. In both cases, Oxygen Uptake Rates (OUR) were measured with respect to time in order to investigate substrate removal and change in microbial activity. Addition of PAC to activated sludge increased COD removal by removing mainly the non‐biodegradable fraction in leachate. The COD decreases in batch reactors were best expressed by a first‐order kinetic model that incorporated this non‐biodegradable leachate fraction. With added PAC, nitrification was also enhanced. But in all of the batch runs a significant accumulation of NO₂ ‐N took place, indicating that the second step of nitrification was still inhibited. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry     

污泥含炭吸附剂的制备工艺优化及性能表征

采用先活化剂浸泡活化在干燥热解炭化的化学活化法制备污泥含炭吸附剂.实验结果表明,有机污泥在活化温度为450℃、ZnCl2药剂和干泥质量比为0.7:1、活化时间为1.5 h、锯末添加剂投加量为2%的条件下,制得的含炭吸附剂碘值在510 mg/g以上,收率>60%,比表面积>390 m2/g.由扫描电镜观察可见孔径分布以微孔和中孔为主.     

机械加工中含油废水处理工艺的研究

研究了活性炭对机械加工中含油废水处理工艺。探讨了在不同吸附条件下（吸附剂量、时间、pH）的吸附效果。结果表明,活性炭吸附的最佳工艺条件是：含油120 mg/L的10 mL废水中,加入活性炭质量0.3 g,加热搅拌时间60 min,pH值为8。在最佳条件下,含油废水在活性炭吸附后的COD为160 mg/L。     

金属负载活性炭催化氧化处理印染废水

用自制金属负载活性炭催化剂(Cu/AC、Fe/AC、N i/AC、Mn/AC)对印染废水进行了空气和C lO2催化氧化实验比较,并对影响催化氧化效果的几个因素:不同活性成分、pH值、反应时间、催化剂投加量进行了分析。结果表明:在pH为5~7、反应时间为60 m in、载铜活性炭催化剂投加量6 g/L、C lO2投加量40 mg/L时,催化氧化效果最佳,CODC r去除率可达80%以上。     

Development of microbubble aerator for waste water treatment using aerobic activated sludge

In large-scale waste water treatment plants, the aerobic biochemical reactor is the most important process, where the oxygen supply into the microorganisms often limits the overall waste water treatment rate. On the other hand, several kinds of microbubble distributors have been developed to enrich the oxygen dissolution in water. Therefore, the application of microbubbles for a waste water treatment system was investigated in this study.The oxygen absorption performance of typical microbubble generators was compared with typical bubble generators. To evaluate each bubble generator, the liquid-phase volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient, gas hold-up and power consumption per unit liquid volume were measured in a bubble column attached to each bubble generator. All the microbubble generators allowed the oxygen to dissolve faster than the typical aerators. The spiral liquid flow type microbubble generator had the highest oxygen transfer coefficient even at a low air flow rate although it used more energy than the typical distributors.To improve an industrial waste water treatment system, a novel aeration system utilizing a spiral liquid flow type microbubble generator was proposed in this study. The present system has some advantages such as compact size, portability and fast oxygen dissolution rate. To ensure the performance for organic waste water treatment, the effects of the aeration rate, dissolved oxygen concentration and device properties on the specific consumption rate of model organic waste were investigated. For the novel aeration system, the most suitable conditions to treat organic waste were found.     

活性炭纤维处理丙烯酸废水的研究

采用活性炭纤维对丙烯酸模拟废水进行静态和动态吸附研究,测定了吸附等温线和动态穿透曲线,并且研究了吸附平衡时间、温度、pH值对处理效果的影响。结果表明,温度升高,吸附效率有所降低;溶液pH在3~4范围内对吸附效率影响不大;吸附时间存在最佳值,最佳吸附时间6 m in。吸附饱和的活性炭纤维用NaOH溶液再生,重复使用3次,吸附效率无明显变化。