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采用密度泛函理论研究了气相中[Fe(O)OH]⊕与甲烷的反应机理。用B3LYP方法优化了势能面上各反应路径的过渡态和中间体等各驻点的结构,并通过振动分析和内禀反应坐标法对过渡态和中间体进行了确认,计算提出了两条可能的反应路线,揭示了[Fe(O)OH]⊕与甲烷的反应机理,同时对反应中存在的势能面交叉现象进行了研究,确定了最低势能交叉点处的作用机制。 相似文献
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郑欣雨;任泽华;周利;柴士阳;吉旭 《化工学报》2025,(3):1084-1092+1376
晶格能是决定晶体热力学稳定性的关键物理性质,对药物多晶型稳定性的筛选具有指导意义。晶格能的获取方式通常为实验试错和基于分子/量子力学的理论计算,对于数量庞大的晶型结构,两种方法均费时费力。提出一种基于密度泛函理论(density functional theory,DFT)和晶体图卷积神经网络(crystal graph convolutional neural networks,CGCNN)的晶格能回归模型。首先采用自洽屏蔽多体色散校正的DFT方法计算晶格能,建立包含酸、醇、酰胺、氨基酸、酸酐等248种晶型的晶格能数据集;基于所建立的数据集,采用CGCNN进一步建立晶型和晶格能之间的定量回归模型,该模型训练集和测试集的MAPE分别为1.24%和5.04%,R2分别为0.9978和0.9750,表明该模型具有较好的预测效果,可以为高通量筛选稳定的晶型提供理论指导。 相似文献
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密度泛函理论是一种基于量子力学原理的电子结构计算方法,已经成为材料科学和化学领域中重要的计算工具之一。在荧光材料研究中,密度泛函理论计算可以确定晶体结构,计算材料的的能带结构、态密度等信息来帮助研究人员理解荧光材料的本质和特性,为材料的设计和优化提供依据,同时基于密度泛函理论计算的高通量计算可以快速评估大量材料的性质,加快新材料的开发过程,降低研究成本。本文介绍了密度泛函理论计算在荧光材料研究中的应用,并探讨了其未来发展前景。 相似文献
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Fenton技术在废水治理方面的应用日益成熟,但反应机理仍不十分明确.目前,对Fenton技术反应机理的研究中,基于密度泛函理论的量子化学计算方法发挥了重要作用.简述了密度泛函理论计算(DFT)在计算精度和速度方面的优势,介绍了可实现密度泛函理论计算的软件的功能及特点.对均相铁基催化剂、非均相铁基催化剂、多种金属混合催化剂等不同种类铁基催化剂的模拟过程进行了简要介绍,综述了密度泛函理论计算在预测类Fenton催化剂特殊结构、模拟不同污染物在不同条件下的降解过程、解释非均相催化剂表面催化机理与催化特性、揭示Fenton反应机理实质等方面的应用,展望了密度泛函理论计算在阐明不同污染物降解机理、辅助水处理新技术与新型类Fenton催化剂的开发等方面的应用前景. 相似文献
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对催化体系进行全局结构优化,搜寻基态结构对预测催化剂结构、分析反应物的吸附特性、研究多相催化反应机理、构建实际反应路径等方面至关重要。遗传算法通过交叉、变异和选择等操作,模拟了自然淘汰进化过程,来搜索势能面上的基态结构。作为一种无偏优化算法,遗传算法的优化过程不依赖于输入结构,具有很强的全局搜索能力。对遗传算法在催化体系的全局结构优化问题中的应用进行了综述,介绍了遗传算法在实空间上进行全局结构优化的基本程序框架以及近年来结合并行计算、机器学习等技术发展的改进框架,并讨论了它们在团簇优化、负载型催化剂的结构优化问题上的相关应用,为遗传算法的进一步改进以及更广泛的应用提供理论指导。 相似文献
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Zhe Wu Aisha Alnajdi Quanquan Gu Panagiotis D. Christofides 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2022,68(5):e17642
In this study, we present machine-learning–based predictive control schemes for nonlinear processes subject to disturbances, and establish closed-loop system stability properties using statistical machine learning theory. Specifically, we derive a generalization error bound via Rademacher complexity method for the recurrent neural networks (RNN) that are developed to capture the dynamics of the nominal system. Then, the RNN models are incorporated in Lyapunov-based model predictive controllers, under which we study closed-loop stability properties for the nonlinear systems subject to two types of disturbances: bounded disturbances and stochastic disturbances with unbounded variation. A chemical reactor example is used to demonstrate the implementation and evaluate the performance of the proposed approach. 相似文献
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Juanli Zhao Wai-Yim Ching Mengling Lai Yun Fan Jiancheng Li Yiran Li Wenxian Li Bin Liu 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2023,106(4):2589-2600
The surface structures, bond variations, and segregation of oxygen vacancies play crucial roles in the structural stability and functionality of nanocrystalline rare-earth zirconate pyrochlores. In this work, the stabilities of (1 0 0), (1 1 0), and (1 1 1) surfaces of pyrochlore A2Zr2O7 (A = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, or Gd) are investigated by first-principles calculations. Surface reconstruction occurs on (1 1 0) surface with a transition of ZrO6 octahedron to ZrO4 tetrahedron, leading to their large relaxation energies. In combination with the small amount of broken bonds during the surface formation process, the (1 1 0) surfaces are identified having the lowest surface formation energies than the (1 0 0) and (1 1 1) surfaces. Moreover, the reconstructed (1 1 0) surface has characteristics of the segregation of oxygen vacancies. The surface oxygen vacancies have the low migration barriers (<1.2 eV), which are comparable with those in bulk and ensure the long-distance diffusion of oxygen vacancies in A2Zr2O7. These discoveries provide fundamental insight to the surface structure and related oxygen vacancy behavior, which are expected to guide the optimization of the surface related properties for nanocrystalline rare-earth zirconates. 相似文献
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Varnavas D. Mouchlis Antreas Afantitis Angela Serra Michele Fratello Anastasios G. Papadiamantis Vassilis Aidinis Iseult Lynch Dario Greco Georgia Melagraki 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(4)
De novo drug design is a computational approach that generates novel molecular structures from atomic building blocks with no a priori relationships. Conventional methods include structure-based and ligand-based design, which depend on the properties of the active site of a biological target or its known active binders, respectively. Artificial intelligence, including ma-chine learning, is an emerging field that has positively impacted the drug discovery process. Deep reinforcement learning is a subdivision of machine learning that combines artificial neural networks with reinforcement-learning architectures. This method has successfully been em-ployed to develop novel de novo drug design approaches using a variety of artificial networks including recurrent neural networks, convolutional neural networks, generative adversarial networks, and autoencoders. This review article summarizes advances in de novo drug design, from conventional growth algorithms to advanced machine-learning methodologies and high-lights hot topics for further development. 相似文献
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应用密度泛函理论研究了二元非极性混合流体的表面性质.分子作为球形链处理,不同分子内的两链节相互作用以硬核Yukawa势能表示.为了避免计算中势能作用数值积分截断导致的误差,采用了合理的长程校正方法.根据微扰理论建立了流体的状态方程以计算汽液相平衡.从纯流体汽液相平衡数据回归得分子的链节作用参数ε/k、d和ms,这些参数预测纯流体表面张力时可获得较好结果.继而引入混合参数kij表示不同分子链节作用情况,计算了6种非极性混合流体的汽液相平衡、表面张力、表面密度剖面.结果表明,本方法应用于二元非极性流体混合物时汽液表面张力计算值与实验值符合良好,同时显示某些二元混合流体表面区可能出现组分的相对富集现象. 相似文献
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The density functional theory, simplified by the local density approximation and mean-field approximation, is applied to study the surface properties of pure non-polar fluids. A reasonable long rang correction is adopted to avoid the truncation of the potential. The perturbation theory is applied to establish the equation for the phase equilibrium, in which the hard-core chain fluid is as the reference fluid and the Yukawa potential is used as the perturbation term. Three parameters, elk, d and ms, are regressed from the vapor-liquid equilibria, and the surface properties, including density profile, surface tension and local surface tension profile are predicted with these parameters. 相似文献
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基于密度泛函理论(DFT)和密度泛函活性理论(DFRT)和方法(MO6-2X/6-31+G**),利用软件Chemoffice 2004分子建模,用Gaussion 09W软件优化分子结构,用ACD Lab 6.0软件预测新型降糖药达格列净分子及其衍生物分子的水溶液溶解度参数等,优化了16种降糖药达格列净及其衍生物的结构,得到了桥头O原子的密立根电荷(Mul-O),桥头O原子的自然原子轨道电荷(NBO-O),桥头O原子的静电势电荷(ESP-O)和桥头O原子的海秀巴赫电荷(HIR-O)。探讨了常见的10类基组和泛函对ESP电荷值的影响。对比分析其它种类电荷数据发现,桥氧原子的ESP-O电荷与达格列分子及其衍生物水溶液的分子溶解度存在较强烈的线型关系(y=3.699+24.66x,R=0.929)。基于密度泛函理论与方法(DFT B3LYP/sto-3 g),对比展示了药达格列净及其单取代衍生物的三大分子吸收光谱(红外光谱,拉曼光谱和紫外吸收光谱)的差异,并表征了它们的峰位和峰型。 相似文献
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Yue Zhang Xinying Lu Zhen He Dongsheng Song 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2018,101(6):2428-2437
The adsorption of water on a C2S surface initiates belite to hydrate. In the present work, the adsorption behavior of single water molecule on a β‐C2S (100) surface is explored using density functional theory (DFT) due to the lack of alternative approaches for direct observation. Four possible calcium atom sites on the β‐C2S (100) surface slab are considered in our calculations. The results show that water can adsorb on the 2 five‐coordinated calcium sites only via molecular adsorption with adsorption energies of 0.59 and 0.85 eV, respectively, but can dissociate on the other 2 six‐coordinated calcium sites with higher adsorption energies of 0.96 and 0.99 eV, respectively. The energy barriers to the dissociative adsorption of water at the Ca(III) site(0.10 eV) is much lower than that at the Ca(IV) site, indicating that water prefers to adsorb and dissociate on Ca(III) sites. The dissociative adsorption of water causes more obvious surface calcium shifts and Si–O bond length increases than molecular adsorption. The dissociative adsorption of a water molecule changes the electron distribution, and the overlap between Ca 2p and O 2s orbitals leads to new Ca–O bond formations. 相似文献
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利用密度泛函理论分别研究了H2O2分子在Fe3O4(111)、(110)和(001)表面分解特性,并对单质汞在H2O2/Fe3O4体系的反应特性进行了研究。对比不同构型的结合能、Mulliken电荷转移和分态密度分析,详细讨论了H2O2分解产生羟基的规律以及Hg0的氧化态中间产物成键特性。结果表明:H2O2分子在Fe3O4(111)、(001) A和(110) A表面更容易分解产生羟基;不同表面产生的羟基对Hg0具有不同的氧化活性;Hg0在表面羟基的作用下可有效通过电荷转移实现氧化。对比分析了三种表面汞氧化态中间产物的脱附路径,HO-Hg-OH和Hg-OH的表面脱附是主要的反应路径。 相似文献