1999年钼业年评

评述了1999年世界钼的需求、供给和价格,尤其是概述了钼新产品、新技术,诸如低合金钢、不锈钢、铸铁、钼合金、催化剂、润滑剂、缓蚀剂和阻燃消烟剂等的研究与开发进展.     

1992年钼业年评

钼的应用向多极化发展,除主要用于钢铁业外,还广泛用作催化剂、润滑剂、颜料、缓蚀剂、消烟阻燃剂、汽车气袋、陶瓷和超导材料.     

2004年钛年评

总结了2004年国内钛工业的生产、市场、销售状况,分析了美国、日本、俄罗斯的钛市场状况,并对国内、国际近几年的钛市场状况进行了展望。     

2020年钼业年评

评介了2020年世界钼的供给、消费和价格,概述了国内外钼业的各种技术创新,如钼的回收、多孔氧化钼、钼催化剂、钼沉积膜及钼粉末冶金材料等研究的新进展。     

2000年钼业年评

评述了2000年世界钼的需求、供给和价格,特别是简述了钼新产品、新技术、诸如低合金钢、不锈钢、钼合金、催化剂、润滑剂和阻燃抑烟剂等的研究与开发进展。     

2021年钼业年评

评介了2021年世界钼的供给、消费和价格,概述了国内外钼业的各种技术创新,如钼的选矿、焙烧、化学、材料及其他领域的研究新进展以及其他钼的前沿科技。     

2014年钼业年评

评介了2014年世界钼的供给、消费和价格,概述了国内外钼业的各种技术创新,如钼的矿冶工程、化学工程、材料工程等研究的新进展及钼的前沿科技。     

2013年钼业年评

评介了2013年世界钼的供给、消费和价格,概述了国内外钼业的各种技术创新,如钼的矿冶工程、化学工程、材料工程等研究的新进展及钼的前沿科技。     

2008年钼业年评

评介了2008年世界钼的供给、消费和价格。尤其是概述了国内外钼业的各种技术创新,如钼矿选矿、冶金、含钼催化剂、润滑剂、消烟阻燃剂、缓蚀剂、木材保护剂和钼粉生产法等研究的新进展。     

2009年钼业年评

评介了2009年世界钼的供给、消费和价格.尤其是概述了国内外钼业的各种技术创新,如钼的矿物加工、冶金、化工、材料、能源材料和生物医学等研究的新进展.     

Identification and changes in prejudice and in authoritarianism.

Ss "were first given the F Scale and a measure of anti-Negro prejudice… . Four weeks later they read a case history of a person who was prejudiced and authoritarian. Half of the subjects were told that the person in the case history was similar to themselves in background and objective personal characteristics. The other half… that the person was dissimilar to them. Three weeks later the F Scale and the anti-Negro prejudice scale were readministered. It was found that those low in prejudice at the first administration became more prejudiced but only if they were told the case history was about someone like themselves… . These results were interpreted in terms of the social support for suppressed 'wrong' feelings and in terms of the pressures to achieve cognitive consistency in one's self-concept." From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4GD65S. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

MPD and DNA bending in crystals and in solution

Bending of 15 to 24 degrees is observed within crystal structures of B-DNA duplexes, is strongly sequence-dependent, and exhibits no correlation with the concentration of MPD (2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol) in the crystallizing solution. Two types of bends are observed: facultative bends or flexible hinges at junctions between regions of G.C and A.T base-pairs, and a persistent and almost obligatory bend at the center of the sequence R-G-C-Y. Only A-tracts are characteristically straight and unbent in every crystal structure examined to date. A detailed examination of normal vector plots for individual strands of a double helix provides an explanation, in terms of the stacking properties of guanine and adenine bases. The effect of high MPD concentrations, in both solution and crystal, is to decrease local bending somewhat without removing it altogether. MPD gel retardation experiments provide no basis for choosing among the three models that seek to explain macroscopic curvature of DNA by means of microscopic bending: junction being, bent A-tracts, or bent general -sequence DNA. Crystallographic data on the straightness of A-tracts, the bendability of non-A sequences, and the identity of inclination angles in A-tract and non-A-tracts B-DNA support only the general-sequence bending model. The pre-melting transition observed in A-tract DNA probably represents a relaxation of stiff adenine stacks to a flexible conformation more typical of general-sequence DNA.     

Research and teaching in social and preventive medicine and in public health

Both public health and social and preventive medicine are characterised by the common goal of promoting, maintaining and improving health and preventing disease, and both are concerned with a population-related, preventive and environmental perspective. But whereas public health is interdisciplinary and goes far beyond the medical focus, social and preventive medicine is medically based and forms a bridge between public health and medical practice. Research in a department of social and preventive medicine serves to support preventive and medico-social activities in medical practice as well as in public health. This is illustrated by results from research conducted at the author's department during the last twenty years. Examples are research in support of smoking cessation activities, and research used for the planning of care for the elderly. Both the research and the teaching activities of the department take into account the population focus of public health as well as the focus on individual medicine in clinical practice.     

Cholestatriene and ergostatetraene as in vivo and in vitro membrane and lipoprotein probes

The fluorescent cholesterol analogues, cholesta-5,7,9(11)triene-3-beta-ol (I) and ergosta-5,7,9(11)-22-tetraene-3-beta-ol (II), have been shown to be readily incorporated by various tissues and lipoproteins in rabbits maintained on diets supplemented with these fluorophores. Human erythrocytes and lipoproteins were also found to incorporate I and II in vitro under physiological conditions. The thermotropic behavior of the lipoproteins and erythrocyte membranes labeled with sterols I and II was evaluated using temperature-dependent fluorescence polarization and/or fluorescence intensity spectra. Erythrocyte ghosts, fluorescently labeled in vivo (rabbit) or in vitro (rabbit and human), were found to undergo a reversible thermally induced transition at 24 +/- 2 degrees C. A similar transition occurring at higher temperatures was also observed in fluorescently labeled human and rabbit LDL particles. Furthermore, the transition temperatures and relative microviscosities of the in vivo labeled rabbit LDL particles were found to be dependent upon the amount of sterol present in the rabbits' diet. No evidence of a similar thermotropic transition was observed in any of the HDL particles. These results are discussed in terms of a thermotropic reordering of cholesterol clusters existing in the erythrocyte membrane and of the cholesteryl ester core present within the low density lipoprotein particle.     

Differences and similarities in adjuvant chemotherapy in mouse and man

Supernatants obtained after incubation of tumor patient lymphocytes with the homologous tumor-associated antigen (TAA) elicit adherence inhibition in normal guinea pig peritoneal cells. From 37 tested patients with different carcinomas, the supernatants of 30 caused more than 10 per cent adherence inhibition (breast cancer 11/11, lung cancer 7/8, colon cancer 6/7, stomach cancer 6/11). Besides 40 healthy blood donors were tested to a panel of TAA. There was a reactivity more than 10 per cent only in 2 cases. The supernatants of 14 patients with nonmalignant disorders produced adherence inhibition more than 10 per cent in 2 cases. By incubation of tumor patient lymphocytes with the human encephalitogenic protein the supernatants of 19/27 patients elicited a positive reaction. The results suggest that anti-tumor immunity can be detected in an indirect heterologous adherence inhibition system.     

Protein phosphorylation and taurine biosynthesis in vivo and in vitro

Taurine is known to be involved in many important physiological functions. Here we report that both in vivo and in vitro the taurine-synthesizing enzyme in the brain, namely cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase (CSAD), is activated when phosphorylated and inhibited when dephosphorylated. Furthermore, protein kinase C and protein phosphatase 2C have been identified as the enzymes responsible for phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of CSAD, respectively. In addition, the effect of neuronal depolarization on CSAD activity and 32P incorporation into CSAD in neuronal cultures is also included. A model to link neuronal excitation and CSAD activation by a Ca2+-dependent protein kinase is proposed.     

Chemo- and baroresponses differ in African-Americans and Caucasians in sleep

To determine sleep effects on baro- and ventilatory responses to transient chemo- and barostimulation in African-Americans and Caucasians, 26 nonobese normotensive young subjects (13 African-Americans and 13 Caucasians) were studied awake and in non-rapid-eye movement (NREM) and rapid-eye-movement sleep during induced transient hypoxemia (N2), hypertension (phenylephrine, PE), and concomitant hypoxemia and hypertension (N2 + PE). Arterial blood pressure was recorded by plethysmographic volume clamp, minute ventilation by pneumotachograph, and arterial O2 saturation by pulse oximeter. For all subjects, chronotropic baroresponse (Deltapulse interval/Deltasystolic blood pressure, where Delta is change) increased with NREM sleep (P = 0.007). Baroresponse slope was greater in Caucasians than in African-Americans (ANOVA, P = 0.02). Hypoxemic ventilatory response (Deltaminute ventilation/Deltaarterial O2 saturation) was greater in African-Americans than in Caucasians in NREM sleep (P = 0.01), as was hypoxemic attenuation of baroresponse (N2 + PE, P = 0.03). These data suggest sleep-related differences in arterial chemo- and baroreceptor responses in normal young African-Americans and Caucasians, which may have implications concerning development of systemic hypertension.     

Interaction in systems Wc-Ni-Al and Wc-NiTi in sintering and impregnation

Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, No. 5(317), pp. 77–80, May, 1989.     

Photoreactivation in bacteria and in skin

In many procaryotic and eucaryotic cells, photoreactivating enzyme mediates light-dependent repair of UV-induced damage: the enzyme binds to a pyrimidine dimer in DNA, and, on absorption of a photon (300-600 nm), specifically monomerizes the dimer, thus repairing the DNA. Photoreactivating enzyme has been found in human tissues and human cells in culture; human cells in culture can photoreactivate cellular dimers, and can mediate photoreactivation of Herpes (human fibroblasts) and Epstein-Barr virus (human leukocytes). Measurements of pyrimidine dimer formation and repair in human skin indicate that detectable numbers of dimers are formed at 1 minimal erythemal dose, that the dimers are rapidly removed in skin kept in the absence of light, and they are more rapidly removed when the skin is exposed to visible light.