小米谷糠多肽对肝损伤及癌前病变的抑制作用

目的：观察小米谷糠多肽的抗肿瘤和抑制化学性肝损伤作用。方法：分别用菠萝蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、537酸性蛋白酶水解小米谷糠,得到3 种多肽;先用噻唑蓝法检测3 种谷糠多肽的体外抗肿瘤作用,然后用抗肿瘤效果最好的多肽喂食经氨基比林-NaNO2诱导的肝损伤小鼠,并作肝组织学观察。结果：当菠萝蛋白酶水解的谷糠多肽质量浓度为50 mg/mL时,S180和H22肿瘤细胞的抑制率可达到56.28%和53.73%,该多肽在10 g/（kg·d）剂量可显著降低小鼠肝脏丙二醛含量和血清谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶活性（P＜0.01）,并提高肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性（P＜0.01）。组织切片显示,模型组小鼠肝细胞损伤严重,谷糠多肽高剂量组动物的肝细胞形态基本正常。结论：菠萝蛋白酶水解的谷糠多肽具有抑制肝损伤及癌前期病变的作用。     

黑豆多肽对超负荷训练小鼠肝细胞损伤影响的研究

为探究黑豆多肽对超负荷运动小鼠肝脏细胞的保护机制,实验以黑豆为原料采用酶解法联合超滤萃取法制取了分子量区间分别为<3、3~5、5~10 kDa的黑豆多肽,以上述黑豆多肽饲喂小鼠并建立超负荷运动模型,以探究不同分子量区间黑豆多肽对运动性肝细胞损伤的保护作用。结果显示:经超负荷训练后模型组小鼠肝功能出现异常,表现为肝指数水平上升,血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）活性下降,而饲喂黑豆多肽的剂量组肝功能得到了不同程度缓解;实验进一步对肝脏组织T-SOD、GSH-Px酶活测定的数据分析得出,黑豆多肽通过提高抗氧化物酶的活性从而降低机体氧化应激水平,达到抗过氧化损伤的功效并表现为MDA含量显著下降;为明晰黑豆多肽对小鼠肝脏细胞的保护机制,对血清中TNF-α含量以及NF-κB相对表达量进行了测定,其中分子量<3 kDa能够显著降低血清TNF-α的分泌以及NF-κB的相对表达量。结论:黑豆多肽能够有效缓解由超负荷运动导致的肝脏功能异常,并提高抗氧化物酶活性,减弱肝脏氧化应激水平,降低TNF-α的释放以及NF-κB的表达,从而防止由过氧化损伤致使细胞膜裂变而引起的肝细胞损伤。     

干酪乳清酶解产物对小鼠抗氧化性的影响

研究干酪乳清酶解产物对小鼠抗氧化活性产生的影响。给小鼠灌胃干酪乳清酶解产物样品后,通过测定小鼠肝脏和血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)和丙二醛(MDA)三种指标,研究其抗氧化功能。干酪乳清的木瓜蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶水解产物可以提高小鼠肝脏和血清中的SOD的含量,与假衰老组差异不显著。乳清的碱性蛋白酶水解产物提高小鼠肝脏和血清中的GSH-PX的含量,差异性显著。乳清的木瓜蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶水解产物对雄性小鼠的肝脏和血清中MDA含量影响不著性。用干酪乳清酶解产物喂养小鼠,能明显增强抗氧化活性,效果明显优于乳清。     

水牛乳干酪副产物乳清抗氧化肽基料的制备技术

对水牛乳酶凝型干酪加工中副产物乳清进行酶解,以研发感官良好的水牛乳清抗氧化多肽基料。单因素以及正交试验结果表明:采用中性蛋白酶,加酶量6 000 U/g底物,初始p H 6.5,酶解时间1 h,酶解温度45℃,无需持续调控p H,得到的多肽基料,酸溶性蛋白率达到89.90%±4.61%,DPPH自由基清除率为93.88%±0.35%,色泽乳黄,组织状态均匀,具备清新的新鲜奶酪风味。     

中性蛋白酶酶解核桃饼粕制备抑菌多肽的研究

以核桃饼粕为材料,研究中性蛋白酶的酶解条件对核桃饼粕蛋白多肽液抑菌性的影响。通过单因素试验及正交试验,研究了酶的添加量、p H、时间、温度及底物浓度对多肽液抑菌性的影响,并用葡聚糖凝胶层析柱对多肽液进行分离,测定其抑菌性。结果表明:当中性蛋白酶酶解核桃饼粕制备抑菌性多肽的酶解条件为酶添加量16 000 U/g,酶解p H 8.0,酶解温度45℃,酶解时间5 h时,多肽液具有较好的抑菌活性,且对枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈直径分别为20.55,19.85和20.05 mm;经葡聚糖凝胶层析分离,其多肽分子量越小,抑菌性越强。     

乳清多肽对D - 半乳糖衰老模型大鼠血清和脏器组织抗氧化效果的影响

研究乳清蛋白的碱性蛋白酶水解产物对D- 半乳糖(D-gal)衰老模型大鼠抗氧化效果的影响。将大鼠分为7组,包括正常对照组、D-gal 模型阴性对照组、D-gal ＋未水解乳清蛋白组、D-gal ＋乳清蛋白肽低剂量组、D-gal＋乳清蛋白肽中剂量组、D-gal ＋乳清蛋白肽高剂量组和D-gal ＋抗坏血酸模型阳性对照组。各处理组灌胃45d 后,检测衰老大鼠血清、心脏和肾脏的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化及肝脏中过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性的变化。抗坏血酸阳性对照组和低、中、高剂量乳清多肽组均可使大鼠血清、心脏和肾脏的SOD 、GSH-Px 及CAT 活性提高,MDA 含量降低,并且与阴性对照组相比差异显著 (P ＜0.05)。其中,高剂量乳清多肽组(200mg/kg bw)对SOD 酶活性作用最显著,使血清SOD 活性比阴性对照组提高了29.2%。高剂量乳清多肽组使肾脏GSH-Px 活性及肝脏中CAT 活性达到了阳性对照抗坏血酸的水平(P ＞ 0.05),同时,中剂量乳清多肽组(100mg/kg bw)使心脏中的MDA 含量与阴性对照组相比下降了38.6%。结果表明,乳清多肽能够通过提高生物体内抗氧化酶系的活力,减少自由基对组织器官的损害,发挥其抗氧化作用,这说明乳清多肽在延缓机体衰老方面具有一定的效果。     

长鳍金枪鱼多肽制备及其对H2O2诱导的张氏肝细胞的保护作用

目的:以长鳍金枪鱼废弃物为原料提取多肽,探究其对H2O2诱导的张氏肝细胞的保护作用。方法:以H2O2诱导张氏肝细胞损伤建立细胞模型组,以相对增殖率为指标筛选长鳍金枪鱼废弃物最适酶种,通过正交试验确定最佳酶解条件。酶解产物经超滤、阴离子交换色谱、凝胶过滤色谱和反相高效液相色谱方法纯化分离得到多肽,用噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法对其每步分离效果进行评价。多肽活性的评价是利用试剂盒方法测定张氏肝细胞上清液中AST、ALT、MDA、ADH和SOD的含量,倒置显微镜观察细胞形态及流式细胞仪检测多肽对H2O2诱导后的张氏肝细胞凋亡的影响。结果:最适酶种为胰蛋白酶,最佳酶解条件为料液比1∶3(g/mL),pH 9,加酶量900 U/g,温度45℃,时间5 h。经一系列纯化后制成多肽,命名为长鳍金枪鱼多肽。其氨基酸序列为Gly-Ala-Pro-Gly-Glu-Arg-Gly-Ser-Lys-Cys-Phe-Lys。经长鳍金枪鱼多肽作用于H2O2诱导的张氏肝细胞后,ALT、AST、ADH和MDA含量下降,SOD含量上升。通过流式细胞仪检测发现晚期凋亡细胞相比于模型组减少明显。结论:利用酶解方法提取的长鳍金枪鱼多肽对H2O2损伤的张氏肝细胞具有一定的保护作用。     

加拿大红参(Parastichopus californicus)基本成分分析及其酶解工艺研究

本文以加拿大红参(Parastichopus californicus)为原料,研究其最优酶解工艺。基本成分测定结果表明加拿大红参的蛋白质含量73.33%,脂肪0.97%,灰分23.85%,粘多糖1.68%。研究以多肽得率为指标确定了加拿大红参的最优酶解工艺,并估算了其酶解液多肽分子量分布。实验使用枯草杆菌中性蛋白酶与风味蛋白酶组成的复合酶对海参进行酶解,最优酶解工艺:酶解温度为55℃、p H为7.5、料液比1∶5(g/m L)、酶解时间为3 h、酶加量为1.05%,最优条件下,酶解液中多肽得率为13.99%,通过Sephadex G-50对加拿大红参酶解液多肽分子量分布范围进行估算,得出分子量分布为1133~129457 u。     

蛋清粉酶解制备蛋清肽工艺优化研究

筛选了用于酶解蛋清粉的蛋白酶,并对碱性蛋白酶酶解蛋清制备活性肽的最佳工艺条件进行了优化。单因素试验结果表明酶解温度50℃、酶解p H值9.5和10%的底物浓度可以获得较佳的酶解产物抗氧化活性,正交试验表明,p H值9.5,底物浓度10%和反应温度50℃,酶解产物清除DPPH自由基能力最强;在p H值10.5,底物浓度5%和反应温度50℃时,酶解产物具有最佳的还原力0.514。基质辅助激光解析串联飞行时间质谱对酶解产物多肽分析结果表明,蛋清肽的分子量集中在2100-5000。     

超声辅助复合酶酶解制备大豆多肽工艺的优化

以大豆分离蛋白为原料,采用超声辅助复合酶酶解制备大豆多肽,以单因素实验为基础,选择复合酶添加量、酶解时间、酶解温度以及酶解p H为自变量,大豆多肽得率为响应值,采用响应面分析法研究各自变量及其交互作用对大豆多肽得率的影响,并对大豆多肽的相对分子质量分布进行测定。结果表明,影响大豆多肽得率的各因素强弱顺序为:酶解温度复合酶添加量酶解时间酶解p H;超声辅助复合酶酶解制备大豆多肽的最佳工艺条件为超声功率180 W、超声时间10 min、超声温度35℃、碱性蛋白酶与中性蛋白酶质量比3∶1、复合酶添加量2.04%、酶解时间4.0 h、酶解温度59℃、酶解p H 8.0,在此条件下大豆多肽得率为63.27%,相对分子质量大部分集中在1 000以下。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press     

INFOPRINT 2014 was Successfully Held in Dongguan

Sponsored by Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China （PEIAC） and organized by Print China magazine, the Seventeenth Beijing International Printing Information Conference （INFOPRINT 2014） was successfully held on 11th Dec. 2014 at Dongguan Exhibition International Hotel.