菌酶协同制备大豆肽的工艺优化及其抗氧化特性的研究

主要研究了枯草芽孢杆菌1398和碱性蛋白酶协同酵解大豆分离蛋白(简称菌酶协同酵解)制备大豆肽的最佳工艺条件及粗提纯样品的抗氧化能力.以大豆肽含量为主要指标,通过对加酶量、接种量、加水量、发酵温度、发酵时间的单因素和响应面实验,确定了菌酶协同制备大豆肽的最优工艺条件:蛋白酶添加量为240U/g、接种量2.0％、加水量165％、培养温度44℃、培养时间36h.在此条件下,大豆肽含量达到(336.8±24.2) mg/g.与实验室制备的酶解肽相比,其DPPH·、O2-·清除率分别提高了106.92％、38.63％.实验表明,菌酶协同处理能够显著提高产物的大豆肽含量及其抗氧化能力.     

大豆抗氧化活性肽固态发酵工艺优化

为优化大豆抗氧化活性肽固态发酵的工艺条件,以总抗氧化活性为指标,对大豆抗氧化肽固态发酵的培养基组成、发酵温度、接种量、初始pH值、加水量等因素进行了单因素试验,并用二次回归通用旋转组合设计对反应温度和pH进行了优化.获得了优化的大豆抗氧化肽固态发酵的工艺条件培养基中豆粕与麸皮的比例为41,培养基的水分含量66.7%,接种量25.0%,种龄48 h,发酵温度33.7℃,起始pH 8.49,发酵时间36 h.在此条件下发酵产物总抗氧化活性为568.89 U/g豆粕,比最初的436.14 U/g豆粕提高了30.44%,实验值与预测值基本相符.     

响应面法优化扇贝下脚料发酵制备蛋白饲料工艺

以扇贝加工下脚料为原料,对酵母菌和乳酸菌混合发酵制备蛋白饲料的工艺进行研究。探讨了培养基水分添加量、发酵时间、发酵温度、接种量及葡萄糖添加量对发酵产物中粗蛋白含量及氨基态氮含量的影响。通过BoxBehnken实验设计和脊岭分析得到最佳发酵工艺为:酵母菌、植物乳杆菌和保加利亚乳杆菌接种比例为3∶1∶1、培养基自然水分含量、发酵时间79h、发酵温度31.4℃、接种量18.9%、葡萄糖添加量21.9%。最佳条件下发酵产物中粗蛋白含量为64.01%,与未发酵相比提高了11.92%。     

纳豆加工工艺研究

为了开发纳豆这种保健食品,对纳豆蒸煮及发酵工艺进行了研究。以大豆感官品质为指标,确定大豆蒸煮条件为121℃高压蒸煮40 min;研究了蔗糖加量、纳豆芽孢杆菌接种量、发酵温度和发酵时间对溶栓酶活性的影响。结果表明,这些因素对溶栓酶活性影响显著,最佳的发酵条件为蔗糖添加量2.0%、接种量1.5%、发酵温度36℃、发酵时间32 h,在此条件下溶栓酶活力为1 892 U/g。     

响应面法优化火麻仁中药型酸奶的发酵工艺研究

本研究以火麻仁、脱脂奶粉为主要原料,通过单因素试验分别考察了火麻仁浆添加量、奶粉添加量、蔗糖添加量、接种量、发酵温度和发酵时间对火麻仁酸奶感官评分的影响,并利用响应面分析法进行了方差分析,建立了数学模型,得到了火麻仁中药型酸奶的最佳发酵工艺条件。结果表明：火麻仁酸奶的最佳发酵工艺条件为：火麻仁添加量13%、奶粉添加量14%、蔗糖添加量8%、接种量8%、接种量6.5%、发酵温度43℃、发酵时间3.5h。在此工艺条件下制备的火麻仁酸奶具有火麻仁特有的甘甜味,质地均匀,柔滑可口。     

大豆玉米复配肽的固态发酵工艺优化

为了利用植物蛋白质资源和提高其营养价值,以豆粕和玉米蛋白粉为原料,应用枯草芽孢杆菌固态发酵制备大豆玉米复配肽。基于豆粕和玉米蛋白粉配比和发酵时间的考察与确定,研究了大豆玉米复配肽的固态发酵工艺条件,又考察了发酵温度、瓶装量、料液比及接种量对蛋白水解度和肽转化率的影响。应用4因素3水平响应面法对大豆玉米复配肽的固态发酵工艺进行优化研究,并分别建立了各因素与蛋白水解度和肽转化率的回归方程。结果表明,最佳固态发酵条件为:发酵温度40℃、瓶装量8.5 g、料液比1:1.2(g/m L)、接种量3.5%(m L/g),在此条件下,蛋白水解度为(32.73±0.17)%,肽转化率为(33.23±0.13)%,与理论预测值基本相符。因此,大豆玉米复配肽的固态发酵工艺是可行的,为大豆玉米复配肽的制备提供了科学依据。     

灵芝液体深层发酵豆乳饮料的研制

以大豆为原料,采用液体深层发酵技术研究灵芝发酵豆乳饮料的制备工艺.大豆经浸泡、磨浆、过滤、杀 菌后接种灵芝菌种发酵,经调配后制成富含大豆和灵芝有效成分的饮料.以灵芝多糖的含量为指标.研究大豆加水比,通过单因素和正交试验优化灵芝发酵工艺条件,结果表明最适的大豆加水比为110,最佳发酵工艺条件为接种量6%、装液量100 mL、发酵温度28℃、发酵时间6 d.发酵后对饮料进行调配,加入6%蔗糖和0.1%乳酸可明显改善产品的苦味.     

糯玉米鸡肉发酵香肠的研制

本文以植物乳杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌为发酵剂,以鸡肉、糯玉米、猪肥膘为原材料研制糯玉米鸡肉发酵香肠。选取糯玉米的添加比例,蔗糖的添加量,发酵剂的添加量,发酵温度,发酵时间,嫩化剂添加量6个条件进行单因素实验,在此基础上选取4个主要的影响条件进行正交实验,确定出最佳工艺条件为:糯玉米添加量10.00%,发酵剂接种量3.00%,蔗糖含量1.50%,发酵温度37℃,发酵时间20 h,嫩化剂的添加量0.004%,此时感官评分为80.3,发酵香肠的p H为4.67,水分含量30.30%,蛋白质含量28.90%,脂肪含量为18.90%,食盐含量2.50%,亚硝酸钠含量14.00 mg/kg,致病菌未检出,且风味和口感良好,符合国家卫生标准。     

发酵酸笋加工工艺初步研究

文章针对发酵酸笋的加工工艺进行了初步研究,以感官评定及生化指标作为评价指标,选择接种量、发酵时间、发酵温度、蔗糖添加量4个影响因素进行单因素试验,并在单因素试验基础上进行正交试验.实验结果表明：组成的最优发酵条件为A3C2B2D2,即接种量5％、发酵时间10d、发酵温度30℃、蔗糖添加量4％.在工艺条件下制备的发酵竹笋口感酸甜适宜,有浓郁的竹笋清香和独特的风味.     

发酵型酸豆乳工艺条件的研究

以大豆为主要原料,研究了嗜热链球菌、保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌为混合发酵剂进行乳酸菌发酵酸豆乳的制备工艺.通过单因素和正交实验确定了最佳制备工艺:接种嗜热链球菌、保加利亚乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌的比例为1∶1∶2,接种量为4％,发酵温度为43℃,蔗糖的添加量为6％,发酵时间4h.在此条件下发酵的酸豆乳活菌数可达2.8×108 mL-1,具有淳厚的豆香味和清香的乳酸味,质地均匀,且酸甜可口.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press