双花保健凉茶加工技术研究

以菊花、金银花等为原料,采用正交实验设计,研制具有清热解渴功能的保健凉茶饮料.结果表明:菊花浸提条件为:料液比1:100、浸提温度95℃、浸提时间25min;金银花浸提条件为:料液比1:100、浸提温度80℃、浸提时间30min;最佳配比为:菊花提取液30%、金银花提取液40%、糖3.5%、柠檬酸0.01%.     

绞股蓝茶浸提工艺优化及茶饮料的研制

以七叶绞股蓝(Gynostemma pentaphyllum(Thunb.)Makino)为原料,研究绞股蓝茶饮料加工过程中的浸提工艺和茶饮料调配工艺。根据单因素实验结果,利用中心组合实验设计以茶水比、浸提温度、浸提时间为影响因子,绞股蓝茶中的总黄酮含量为响应值,确定绞股蓝茶最佳浸提工艺条件为茶水比1∶63(g/m L)、浸提温度69℃、浸提时间20min。并以正交分析法优化了绞股蓝茶饮料调配工艺,起到绞股蓝茶饮料最佳调配组合为1000m L饮料浸提液的加入量为400m L,蔗糖添加量5%,柠檬酸添加量0.02%,所得产品为风味独特、营养保健型饮料。     

绿豆蛋白质饮料工艺研究

以绿豆为主要原料,辅以荷叶、菊花、金银花等中草药研制保健饮料.通过正交实验确定绿豆蛋白的提取工艺和荷叶、菊花、金银花有效成分的提取工艺.结果表明,提取绿豆蛋白质的最佳工艺为绿豆蛋白提取液按照料液比1：8,浸提温度80℃,浸提液pH值为8,盐浓度0.3g/L;荷叶、菊花、金银花等采用水提法、二级浸提的方式,最优提取条件为料液比为1：15,荷叶与金银花的浸提温度80℃,浸提时间30min,菊花的浸提温度70℃,浸提时间20min,将浸提液调配获得绿豆蛋白质饮料.     

藏茶玫瑰乌梅无糖复合饮料研制及功能性成分分析与抗氧化研究

以藏茶、玫瑰、乌梅为主要原料,以赤藓糖醇、三氯蔗糖为辅料,研制藏茶玫瑰乌梅无糖复合饮料.以感官评分为指标,利用单因素与响应面法优化得到复合饮料的最佳配方为:藏茶浸提液添加量42％、玫瑰浸提液添加量20％、乌梅浸提液添加量18％、赤藓糖醇添加量3％、三氯蔗糖添加量0.007％.利用UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS检测出复合...     

无糖黄大茶饮料的研制

本文以黄大茶为主要原料,开发一种既具有黄大茶独特风味,又有益健康的无糖饮料。以感官质量作为评价指标,通过单因素实验以及正交试验,确定了最佳浸提条件:茶水比1∶20、温度75℃、时间60min。在此基础上,将按最佳浸提条件得到的浸提液按一定的浓度梯度加入纯水稀释,确定最佳稀释量,并进行调配,筛选出该饮料的最佳配方:黄大茶浸提液20%、茶氨酸0.1g/L、VC0.05g/L、Na HCO30.03g/L。本研究结果将为黄大茶饮料的开发提供参考。     

凉粉草茶保健饮料制备工艺的研究

凉粉草茶饮料的最佳配方:菊花、金银花、甘草(2:1:1)混合汁与凉粉草汁比为1:2,蔗糖的添加量为3.5%,经调配制成口感细腻,别具风味又富有营养价值及保健作用的凉粉草保健饮料.通过实验确定最佳工艺参数为:菊花、金银花、甘草混合汁的提取温度为80%.料液比为1:100,提取时间为70min,提取所用溶刺的pH为6.5;凉粉草汁的提取温度为90%.料液比为1:65,提取所用时间为50min,提取所用Na2CO3溶液浓度为1%.该复合茶饮料清香纯正、风味独特、甜酸适中.     

百香果茅岩莓茶饮料的研制

本研究以百香果和茅岩莓为主要原料,以冰糖为甜味剂进行复配开发一种百香果茅岩莓茶饮料。根据茶饮料产品的外观色泽、风味口感、组织状态等感官指标,在单因素实验的基础上,采用正交试验,对茅岩莓茶浸提液以及百香果茅岩莓茶饮料的制备工艺进行了研究。确定茅岩莓浸提液的最佳工艺条件为:浸提温度85℃,浸提时间20 min,茶水比0.75:100 g/mL;百香果茅岩莓茶饮料的最佳配比:茅岩莓浸提液175 mL,百香果浆30 mL,冰糖占比16%。在最佳工艺参数条件下,所得百香果茅岩莓茶饮料感官评分为95±1.0分,总酸含量为2.9 g/L,总糖含量为8.4%,菌落总数<100 CFU/mL,未检测到致病菌,饮料有百香果和茅岩莓滋味,无异味,色泽呈明亮黄色。     

玫瑰茄花茶饮料工艺优化

为丰富花茶饮料品种,本文通过单因素以及正交试验优化玫瑰茄花茶汤汁和玫瑰茄花茶饮料的工艺条件。结果表明,在玫瑰茄添加量0.6 g、浸提时间40 min、浸提温度80℃的前提下,玫瑰茄花茶饮料调配的最佳工艺条件为柠檬酸添加量0.03 g、白砂糖添加量12 g、蜂蜜添加量1.8 g。     

玫瑰茄金银花复合饮料的研制

以玫瑰茄和金银花为主要原料,水浴后取浸提液,与柠檬酸、白砂糖按照适当比例进行混合配制,通过单因素实验和正交试验,考察玫瑰茄浸提液添加量、金银花浸提液添加量、白砂糖添加量、柠檬酸添加量四个因素对玫瑰茄金银花复合饮料感官品质的影响,确定最佳工艺条件。结果表明:最佳工艺条件为玫瑰茄浸提液20%、金银花浸提液14%、白砂糖6%、柠檬酸0.02%;四个因素的影响顺序为玫瑰茄浸提液添加量>白砂糖添加量>柠檬酸添加量>金银花浸提液添加量。     

酶法提取怀菊花总黄酮工艺研究

用正交实验确定酶法提取怀菊花总黄酮的最佳提取工艺条件为:料液比为1∶ 10,酶解温度45 ℃,pH=6.2,纤维素酶用量0.25 g/L,果胶酶用量0.3 g/L,酶解时间150 min,浸提时间60 min,浸提液体积40 mL.在此条件下怀菊花总黄酮的得率可达6.83%.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the