五味子多糖的研究进展

五味子多糖是五味子的一种主要活性成分,具有多种药理作用和生物活性功能,是目前的一个研究热点.本文对五味子多糖的提取、纯化以及药理活性等方面进行综述.     

盐藻软胶囊对急性酒精性肝损伤的保护作用

杜氏盐藻(Dunaliella Salina)是一种单细胞无细胞壁的生活于高盐环境中的绿藻,属于高盐逆境生物,适应力强,由内蒙古兰太生物工程公司在盐湖区繁殖成功,由于其独特的营养和功效成分,具有作为营养保健食品开发的潜力,本文旨在研究其对急性酒精性肝损伤的保护作用.     

大蒜有机硫化物抗肿瘤机制及应用前景探讨

大蒜为百合科葱属植物蒜的鳞茎,性温,味辣,其主要生物活性成分为多种有机硫化物(OSCs),具备抗菌消炎、降低胆固醇、抗血小板聚集、抗肿瘤等功效.近年来国内外流行病学调查及试验研究表明,OSCS对多种恶性肿瘤均有明显的抑制作用,其主要作用机制包括预防致癌物质活化、调控细胞内酶系统进行解毒、阻断肿瘤细胞周期、诱导凋亡、抑制转移及抗肿瘤血管生成等.笔者就大蒜有机硫化物(OSCs)抗肿瘤作用机制进行概述,为临床开发低毒高效的抗肿瘤中药提供了依据.     

石韦属植物化学和药理研究进展

石韦属植物主要包括石韦、庐山石韦、毡毛石韦、有柄石韦、北京石韦和西南石韦,是中国传统药用植物.其主要化学活性成分为三萜类、黄酮类、咕酮类、甾体及挥发油成分,其粗提物和分离纯化后的活性物质具有镇咳祛痰、抑菌、抗病毒、抗炎利尿、抗氧化、增强免疫、护肾等功效,目前已被制成多种石韦复方制剂,在临床上广泛应用.笔者对国外有关石韦属植物的化学分成及药理作用的研究进展进行综述.为其进一步研究与开发利用提供参考.     

艾蒿主要药用成分的研究进展

从艾蒿(Artemisia argyi)精油等中药药用成分的研究、艾蒿研究开发中的主要问题及艾蒿精油等药用成分的研究开发方向和意义等方面进行了阐述,分析了艾蒿及其主要药用成分的开发前景.     

五加科植物多糖的抗肿瘤作用研究进展

多糖在自然界中分布广泛,资源丰富,主要存在于动物细胞膜、植物和微生物细胞壁中,是除病毒以外一切有生命的有机体必不可少的组成成分,同维持生物机能密切相关,和蛋白质、脂类、核酸一起成为构成生命的四大基本物质.多糖不仅是细胞的结构物质和能源物质,更是具有多种生理功能的生物活性物质,在生命现象中参与了细胞的各种活动.     

海柳挥发性成分的分析

目的:提取分离海柳的挥发性成分并鉴定.方法:采用二氧化碳超临界萃取出海柳挥发性成分,再经气质联用分析,结合保留指数计算,鉴定其成分.结果:通过气质联用分析,共鉴定出15种化学成分,包括磷酸三乙酯、丁羟甲苯、雪松醇、棕榈酸、角鲨烯、胆甾醇等.这些成分多具有生物活性.结论:首次揭示海柳的挥发性成分,海柳所具有的功效可能与其含有的生物活性成分有关.     

猴头菌生物活性成分及药理作用研究进展

猴头菌(Hericium erinaceus)是珍贵的食药用菌,除具有丰富的营养成分外还具有抗溃疡、增强免疫、抗肿瘤、降血糖、抗衰老等功效.简要介绍了近几年关于猴头菌较新生物活性成分、药理作用方面的研究进展.     

苯酚-浓硫酸法测定西藏天麻中多糖含量的条件优化

[目的]建立西藏天麻(RHIZOMA GASTRODIAE)多糖含量的测定方法.[方法]采用苯酚-浓硫酸比色法进行测定.[结果]以葡萄糖为标准品,苯酚-硫酸法测定天麻多糖含量的最佳反应条件为:6%苯酚溶液1 ml,浓硫酸5 ml,水浴温度25℃.西藏天麻多糖以葡萄糖(C<,5>H<,12>O<,6>)计,在21%～33%之间,平均值为28%,多糖的含量高,具有较高的使用价值和经济价值.[结论]该研究中的测定方法简便、准确,可用于评价西藏波密天麻药材的质量.西藏天麻多糖的含量较高,是一种大有潜质的保健食品和药材,开发及利用西藏天麻,对带动当地经济有非常重要的意义.     

金丝带化学成分研究

[目的]对金丝带(Lethariella zahlbruckneria)含有的主要化学成分进行初步探讨,为进一步活性成分的分离及结构鉴定奠定基础.[方法]采用试管法结合薄层色谱法,对金丝带的化学成分进行预试.[结果]金丝带中主要含有酚类、挥发油类、有机酸、多糖及其苷类成分,可能含有强心苷、甾体及萜类.[结论]该研究可为该科属地衣的分类学研究提供依据.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.