不同基肥施用量对连钱草生长情况及品质的影响

[目的]解决连钱草生产基肥的施用量问题.[方法]试验设4个基肥施用量处理:A.12 000 kg/hm<'2>(CK)、B.19 500 kg/hm<'2>、C.27 000 ks/hm<'2>、D.34 500 kg/hm<'2>;基肥用量的2/3栽前施于厢面,1/3移栽时施于窝内.[结果]连钱草生长势随着基肥施用量的增加有增加的趋势,封厢时间随基肥量的增加有提前的趋势.除处理D (34 500 kg/hm<'2>)中连钱草最大叶柄长、株高略劣于对照A(12 000kg/hm<'2>)外,其他处理的生长性状均优于对照A(12 000 kg/hm<'2>).连钱草产量随着基肥施用量的增加呈增加的趋势,但增幅逐步下降,施肥效用递减.[结论]连钱草较好的基肥施用量为19 500、27 000 kg/hm<'2>.     

肥料配施对苜蓿干物质产量的影响

[目的]研究不同元素合理配施对苜蓿产量的影响.[方法]试验采用四元二次回归正交旋转组合设计,研究了硫酸钾、氯化铵、过磷酸钙和氧化镁对苜蓿干物质产量的影响.[结果]试验肥料对苜蓿干物质产量的影响顺序为硫酸钾>氯化铵>氧化镁>过磷酸钙.其中,硫酸钾对苜蓿干物质产量有显著影响,硫酸钾和氧化镁互作时产量影响显著.[结论]获得苜蓿干物质产量为19 224.6 kg/hm<'2>以上的优化方案为硫酸钾163.235～181.679 kg/hm<'2>;氯化铵155.877～174.258 kg,/hm<'2>;过磷酸钙566.177～632.924 kg/hm<'2>;氧化镁30.060-33.628 kg/hm<'2>.     

钾对烤烟碳代谢及其品质形成的影响

[目的]研究不同施钾量对烤烟碳代谢和其品质形成的影响.[方法]通过固定氮、磷水平(N 90 kg/hm<'2>,P<,2>O<,5>180 kg/hm<'2>),设置不同钾肥(K<,2>O)施用量(0、90、180、270和360 kg/hm<'2>)对烤烟碳代谢及其品质形成的影响.[结果]施用适量钾肥提高烤烟中后期烟叶蔗糖转化酶和淀粉酶活性,促进烟叶由氮代谢向碳代谢的适时转换.在烤烟移栽后30和45 d,烟叶可溶性总糖、还原糖和淀粉含量随施钾量的增加而降低,而在烤烟移栽后60、75和90 d随施钾量的增加而增加.说明施用钾肥有利于降低烤烟生长前期的碳积累,而促进烤烟生长后期碳的积累代谢.[结论]适宜的施钾量为270 kg K<,2>O/hm<'2>,在此条件下,烤烟产量最高和烤烟化学成分更趋于协调.     

15.0%卫根微乳剂对番茄根结线虫的防治效果

[目的]进一步明确15.0%卫根微乳剂的防治效果.[方法]设置15.0%卫根微乳剂7.5、15.0、22.5 L/hm<'2> 3个处理,以1.8%阿维菌素乳油15 L/hm<'2>为对照,研究各处理对番茄根结线虫的防治效果.[结果]卫根微乳剂7.5、15.0、22.5 L/hm<'2>3个处理,药后90 d土壤中2龄幼虫数量减退率分别为-14.10%、38.27%和54.98%.而对照药剂1.8%阿维因素15.0 L/hm<'2>处理的线虫减退率为16.12%.药后90 d 15.0%卫根微乳剂各处理对番茄根结线虫的防治效果分别为66.19%、70.97%和76.00%.而对照药剂为67.10%.[结论]15.0%卫根微乳剂可有效地控制根结线虫对番茄的危害,有较高的推广应用价值.     

不同播期和密度处理对超短季棉个体形态发育的影响

[目的]探讨不同播期和密度处理对超短季棉品种个体发育动态的影响,明晰它们对棉花营养生长和生殖生长的效应,为黄河流域冀东棉区棉花种植的播期和密度管理提供理论和实践指导.[方法]以超短季抗虫棉546系为材料,探讨了不同播期(播期1:5月20日,播期Ⅱ:6月2日,播期Ⅲ:6月14日)和密度(低密度:12万株/hm2,中密度:15万株/hm2,高密度:18万株/hm2)处理对其个体生长发育动态的影响.[结果]不同的播期和密度处理对超短季棉546系的个体生长发育具有明显的影响,其中播期的影响效力要高于密度的影响效力,而播期对于棉株个体果枝数量发育的影响效力又明显高于对主茎伸长生长和加粗生长的影响效力.[结论]在黄河流域的冀中棉区对超短季棉546系栽培过程中,可以通过播期和密度的调控,有效地促进其营养生长和生殖生长,夯实其产量基础.     

哈尔滨市玉米高产高效栽培模式产量与效益分析

[目的]分析哈尔滨市玉米高产高效栽培模式产量与经济效益.[方法]在哈尔滨市的3个地区、5个试验点,采取田间原位监测与室内分析相结合的方法.[结果]与常规产量9 000 kg/hm<'2>的农户生产模式相比,高产高效全程机械化模式可节本增效4 422元/hm<'2>.[结论]高产高效技术模式具有节本增效的特点,可以在相应区域大面积推广应用.     

燕麦伴播控制春播紫花苜蓿苗期杂草的研究

[目的]解决重庆地区苜蓿苗期的杂草问题.[方法]选用裸燕麦、皮燕麦2个燕麦类型,通过对株数、株高、产量、杂草率等指标测定分析,从中筛选春播苜蓿伴播作物中能较好控制苜蓿苗期杂草的燕麦类型及其伴播方式.[结果]与参试皮燕麦相比,参试裸燕麦用作苜蓿播种的伴生作物更能有效地抑制苗期杂草生长;重庆地区春播苜蓿适用的伴播处理为苜蓿(15 kg/hm<'2>)+裸燕麦(120 kg/kg<'2>),40 cm行距条播;适宜的燕麦刈割时期在5月11-21日;适宜的苜蓿刈割时期在燕麦刈割10 d后.[结论]应用燕麦伴播能有效地控制眷播紫花苜蓿苗期杂草.     

传统施肥对水稻性状及氮肥利用的影响

[目的]探讨传统施肥模式对水稻性状的影响以及氮肥吸收利用情况.[方法]以扬两优6号为供试品种,设108.0、154.5、201.0kg/hm<'2>3个施氮水平,以不施氮肥为对照,采用传统的施肥技术.[结果]高峰苗、有效穗、株高、穗总粒数、干物质积累量、吸氮量等性状均随着氮肥施用量的增加而增加,结实率和千粒重随着氮肥施用量的增加而降低;产量随施氮量的增加而增加,但达到一定程度后开始下降;氮肥利用率随着施氮量的增加而升高,但普遍较低,不超过23.00%.[结论]传统施肥模式不利于水稻的生长及氮肥的利用,建议实施科学施肥,减少氮肥资源浪费,提高肥料利用率.     

不同除草剂在直播冬油菜田的除草效果研究

[目的]验证不同除草剂的除草效果,为直播冬油菜田的杂草防除提供借鉴.[方法]使用不同剂量25%胺苯磺隆可湿性粉剂和10.8%高效氟吡甲禾灵乳油在直播冬油菜田间进行单用和混用除草试验.[结果] 25%胺苯磺隆可湿性粉剂在冬油菜4～5叶期使用可以有效防除田间的阔叶杂草;25% 胺苯磺隆可湿性粉剂18.0～22.5 g/hm<'2>+400 ml/hm<'2>的10.8%高效氟吡甲采灵乳油可以有效防除油菜田间的阔叶和禾本科杂草,总防效达90%以上,且可以比人工除草节省成本1 100元、hm<'2>.[结论] 25%胺苯磺隆与10.8%高效氟吡甲未灵乳油混用可以更好地防除冬油菜田间杂草.     

优质杂交油菜撒播试验组合比较研究

[目的]筛选可参加国家区试高密度试验组的优质油菜组合.[方法]采用随机区组试验设计,对6种优质油菜新品种(组合)进行了撒播试验.[结果]H0903产量最高,平均单产为2 002.65 kg/hm<'2>,比油研10号高出19.38%,综合性状均较好,适合密植.H0904平均单产为1 715.10 kg/hm<'2>,居参试品种第2位,可升级进入多点区域试验鉴定.H0901与油研10号相比略有减产,建议继续鉴定后作取舍;H0905和H0902与油研10号相比减产幅度较大,建议淘汰.[结论]H0903可参加国家区试高密度试验组.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.