3种水培蔬菜对水质净化效果的研究

[目的]研究3种水培蔬菜时富营养化水体的净化效果,以期为富营养化水体的植物生态修复提供理论依据.[方法]以生菜、包菜和油麦菜3种常见蔬菜为试验材料进行水培生长试验,通过对氨氮(NH<,4><'+>-N)、活性磷(SOP)和高锰酸盐指数(I)等富营养化指标的测定研究3种蔬菜对富营养化水体的净化效果.[结果]在富营养化水体中,生菜的生长状况最佳,包菜次之,油麦菜最差,这表明生菜和包菜可以较好地适应富营养化水培生长;对富营养化水体中NH<,4><'+>-N和I<,Mn>去除率最高的是生菜(92%和86%),对SOP 去除率最高的是包菜(92%),而油麦菜对这3个指标的去除率均最低.[结论]生菜和包菜对富营化水体的净化效果较好,具有一定的推广应用价值.     

离子型稀土矿山集液沟区域耐盐异养硝化细菌的筛选及其脱氮特征

为筛选处理高盐含氨氮矿冶废水的耐盐微生物,从赣南离子型稀土矿山集液沟区域采集样品,利用选择性培养基富集培养分离耐盐异养硝化细菌,并考察碳源、pH、盐度等因素对其脱氮性能的影响.结果表明,分离得到一株耐盐异养硝化细菌X1,经16S rDNA鉴定为肠杆菌属Enterobacter sp. X1,确定该菌适宜的脱氮条件为:以蔗糖作为碳源,pH值为5,盐度≤15 %.菌株X1的NH₄+-N去除率可达到60 %以上.研究结果可为高盐含氨氮矿冶废水的微生物处理提供菌株和数据参考.      

一株产乙醇嗜热厌氧油藏微生物Thermoanaerobacter sp DF3的性质研究

[目的]了解油藏微生物Thermoanaerobacter sp DF3 的生理生化特性,优化木糖产乙醇培养方案.[方法丁利用厌氧分离技术从大港油田油层采出液中分离到一株产乙醇厌氧杆菌DF3.采用生理生化鉴定与16S rDNA序列的系统发育学分析其系统发育地位,用气相色谱分析其代谢产物.[结果]菌株DF3是一株严格厌氧的嗜热细菌,呈直杆状,G-,菌体大小为0.42 μm×(1.60～5.20)μm,单生、成对或成串生长,产顶端芽孢;生长温度为45～78 ℃(最适65 ℃),能利用葡萄糖、木糖、果糖、核糖、甘露糖、阿拉伯糖、蔗糖、半乳糖、乳糖、纤维二糖、松三糖、棉子糖、淀粉等作为底物;其16S rRNA与T.pseudoethanolicus相似性为99.7%.发酵葡萄糖与木糖的主要产物为乙醇,培养方案优化后其代谢木糖产乙醇终浓度为2.0 g/L.[结论]通过试验证明菌株DF3是目前已知菌株中产乙醇活性较强的菌株之一,在65℃时代谢木糖能产生2.0g/L的乙醇.目前代谢木糖高产乙醇的菌株均由国外分离获得,菌株DF3的分离获得为我国研究木质纤维素产乙醇提供了优良的出发菌株.     

常温下猪场厌氧消化液的亚硝化研究

[目的]探求常温下猪场厌氧消化液亚硝化的最优工艺参数.[方法]在常温(15-30℃)条件下,以模拟低C/N、高氨氯的猪场厌氧消化液为进水,通过反应器启动和运行,研究猪场厌氧消化液亚硝化的最优工艺参数及影响因素.[结果]反应器在常温下作全程硝化启动时,氨氮进水浓度为100 mg/L,COD进水浓度为180 mg/L,之后逐渐增加进水浓度以提高容积负荷,经过25 d的培养成功启动.反应器启动后连续运行70 d,在未控制pH条件下,随着硝化反应产酸的积累,氨氮去除率下降至54.86%,NO<,2>-N下降至0.029 mg/L;在调节pH条件下,氨氮浓度平均去除率为93%,NO<,2>-N平均累积率稳定为90%;pH适宜范围在7.0-8.0,FA适宜范围为3.02-12.1mg/L,曝气量为200 mg/L.[结论]该研究为猪场厌氧消化液亚硝化的后续厌氧氨氧化进一步脱氮奠定了基础.     

饲料玉米中优质乳酸菌的分离和鉴定

[目的]从饲料玉米中筛选适合做青贮饲料添加剂的高效乳酸菌.[方法]用MRS+CaCO<,3>固体培养基筛选乳酸菌,经形态学和生理生化试验进行初步鉴定,测定其产酸效率;挑选出12株产酸率强的乳酸菌进行耐盐和耐酸能力的测定,并时其进行16 S rDNA 鉴定.[结果]从饲料玉米中共分离得到44 株乳酸菌,12株产酸能力强的菌株经生理生化试验鉴定分别属于明串珠菌属、乳杆菌属和肠球菌属,且12株菌株都具有良好的耐盐、耐酸能力.经16 S rDNA鉴定:A4、B9、B11、B12 和B14 为植物乳杆菌;A1、A2、A7、A11和B8为肠膜明串珠菌葡聚糖亚种;A8和A9为兼性肠球菌.[结论]从饲料玉米中筛选出具有较强产酸能力的乳酸菌,作为青贮饲料添加剂.     

多环芳烃厌氧降解菌的筛选与鉴定

[目的]筛选并鉴定多环芳烃厌氧降解菌.[方法]通过富集,在厌氧条件下从受焦油长期污染的土壤中筛选出多环芳烃的高效厌氧降解菌,并对其进行了生理生化试验和16S rDNA鉴定.[结果]从受焦油长期污染的土壤中分离出2株多环芳烃降解菌W2和Y3,经综合表征和16S rDNA序列分析,初步鉴定菌株W2为鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomo sp.),菌株Y3为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus sp.).[结论]为多环芳烃的生物降解研究提供了理论依据.     

1株高效聚磷节杆菌的分离鉴定及其聚磷特性研究

[目的]为降低水中磷含量以控制水体富营养化,从自然界筛选高活性的聚磷菌,用于生物除磷.[方法]以聚磷效果为主要指标,通过富集分离筛选细菌,并对其培养条件优化,提高其聚磷能力.根据生理生化反应特点以及分子生物学分析,对分离到的高效聚磷菌进行鉴定.[结果]从污水和污泥中分离到9株有效聚磷菌,其中菌株J-12的聚磷能力最强.16S rDNA序列分析显示,J-12与节杆菌属的同源性达99%,结合生长特性、生理生化特性,初步确定该菌株属于节杆菌属的一个种(Arthrobacter sp.),尚未见到具有高效聚磷作用的节杆菌的报道.研究表明,J-12在生长温度32 ℃,pH值7.0,微量元素液添加量为4 ml的条件下,培养10 h,可使合成废水中总磷由20.0 mg/L降至0.1 mg/L,聚磷率达95%以上.[结论]筛选到1株具有高效聚磷菌能力的节杆菌,在污水治理和水产养殖业中有着潜在的应用前景.     

一株灵菌红素产生菌的分离及其色素分析

[目的]从土壤中筛选出灵菌红素产生菌,并对其色素组成进行分析.[方法]利用平板筛选土壤中产红色素细菌,通过生理生化试验进行初步鉴定,摇瓶发酵后提取色素,色素组分经柱色谱与薄层色谱分离纯化后以紫外-可见光吸收光谱(UV-Vis)与液质联用(LC/MS)技术进行分析.[结果]从南昌地区土壤中分离得到1株产红色素的细菌NS-17,生理生化特征与粘质沙雷氏菌(Serratia marc-escens)吻合,从发酵后的菌体中分离得到2个具有相似UV-Vis与LC/MS特征的色素组分,组分1分析结果与已报道的灵菌红素一致,组分2具有未见报道的碱性条件下特异性UV-Vis图谱.[结论]分离得到1株产灵菌红素的粘质沙雷氏菌NS-17,并从该菌中分离得到2个色素组分.     

肠艾美尔球虫单卵囊分离及ITS-1序列测定

[目的]建立一种有效的鉴定球虫种类分子生物学方法.[方法]采用单卵囊分离技术,分离肠艾美尔球虫,提取卵囊基因组DNA.根据GenBank中发表的艾美尔属球虫18S rDNA和5.8S rDNA序列,设计特异性引物,扩增内转录间隔区1(ITS-1),PCR产物直接测序.[结果]成功分离出肠艾美尔球虫,PCR扩增出434 bp清晰条带,且最低能检测出27个孢子化卵囊 .[结论]该研究结果为球虫虫种及虫株的准确鉴定奠定了基础.     

牙鲆鱼肠道鼠李糖乳杆菌P15的分子鉴定与系统发育分析

[目的]对1株分离自健康牙鲆鱼肠道固有菌群的乳杆菌P15进行分子鉴定.[方法]利用PCR技术测定该菌株的16S rRNA基因序列,然后在GenBank中进行相关细菌相应序列的同源性比对,利用MEGA(4.0)软件进行系统发育学分析.[结果]获得了该菌株的16S rRNA基因序列(登录号为 AY852248).菌株P15与鼠李糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus rhamnosus)的亲缘关系最近.[结论]菌株P15被鉴定为鼠李糖乳杆菌.     

Voices of fear and anxiety and sadness and depression: The effects of speech rate and loudness on fear and anxiety and sadness and depression.

Two studies investigated the role of expressive vocal behavior (specifically, speech rate and loudness) in fear and anxiety and in sadness and depression. In the 1st study, participants spoke about personally experienced fear and anxiety-arousing and neutral events using 3 different voice styles: fast and loud, normal, and slow and soft. In the 2nd study, participants spoke about personally experienced sad or depressing and neutral events using the same 3 voice styles. In both studies, the participants' highest levels of subjective affective and cardiovascular (CV) arousal occurred when they spoke about the emotional events in a mood-congruent voice style: fast and loud in the case of fear and anxiety, and slow and soft in the case of sadness or depression. Mood-incongruent voice styles canceled the heightened levels of CV arousal normally associated with these negative emotions. The voice-style manipulation had no significant effect on the participants' levels of CV arousal during the neutral discussions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Synthesis and analysis of mixed chlorinated-fluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans and assessment of formation and occurrence of the fluorinated and chlorinated-fluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans

Despite the use of multimodal therapy, higher-grade glioma is still uniformly fatal in the adult population. There is a considerable difference between the length of survival in each given patient, even within the same tumor type and malignancy grade group, suggesting that there are factors that might differentially influence outcome. To identify such factors, 107 patients with anaplastic or malignant glioma were retrospectively investigated. Clinical parameters and paraclinical data on the p53, mdm2, and EGFR genes at the DNA or protein level were evaluated by univariate analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression modeling. Kaplan-Meier survival estimation demonstrated that immunohistochemical positivity for mdm2 protein in patients with anaplastic astrocytoma or with glioblastoma multiforme was associated with a shorter survival time (p = 0.02). P53 gene mutations and immunopositivity for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein were not significantly related to poor prognosis. The Cox proportional hazards model revealed immunohistochemical positivity for p53, mdm2, or for both of them, the presence of postoperative irradiation, and the extent of surgical resection of tumor to be variables significantly associated with prolonged survival. EGFR overexpression, age over 60 years, and Karnofsky performance score below 40 points did not significantly shorten survival time. In conclusion, the present study identified immunohistochemically detected mdm2-protein overexpression as a statistically significant negative prognostic parameter in patients bearing anaplastic or malignant glioma. Association analysis of variables revealed a possible correlation between mdm2 and p53, which is also consistent with the biological interaction mode of both proteins in vivo.     

Sexuality and aging--usual and successful

BACKGROUND: As aging research increasingly reflects an effort to dissociate true time-driven changes from those that can be improved, sexuality in later life remains largely unexplored. Several problems are evident. There is a lack of normative data, a lack of a conceptual framework relating to the biology, psychology, and sociology of sex, and an attitudinal resistance that obscures the entire topic. METHODS: We conducted a three-part instructional series on major topics involved with sexuality and aging. We surveyed our group of attendees (n 158, average age 68 for males, 65 for females) before and after the series. RESULTS: A remarkably robust sex life was evidenced by both the men and the women, even until advanced old age. Yet, a substantially decreased involvement was reported from 10 years earlier. Despite current activities, people of both sexes wished they were participating even more than they currently were. Impotency was identified as the major negative feature for the men; relationship problems were for the women. A questionnaire 6 months after the series reported improved sexual attitudes, but no change in sexual activities from the earlier survey. CONCLUSION: Sexuality is a major quality-of-life issue which persists into old age. Our study showed that the usual sexual practices reported by our group were not considered by them to be ideal. The intervention of this instructional series provided improved sexual attitudes but not performance. Additional studies are encouraged.     

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis and sports

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis occur predominantly in the lower lumbar spine. Besides congenital defects such as predisposition of spondylolysis the correlation between competitive sports activities and an increased incidence of spondylolysis is proved. In early stages, complete healing can be achieved by conservative treatment (abstinence from sports activities for 3 months, orthesis). Persistence of pain, neurologic symptoms and progression of vertebral slipping are indications for operative treatment (reconstruction of the isthmus, dorso-ventral spondylodesis). The exercise tolerance depends on the extent of instability, progression of vertebral slipping and clinical symptoms. The limits of exercise tolerance vary among the individual athletes and require the decision of the physician. Backstroke swimming, abdominal and back muscle strengthening exercises, and types of sport involving smooth movements are advisable. Sports education in school is possible without restriction in patients with stable spondylolysis and in those with spondylolisthesis without unfavourable concomitant factors.     

Larks and owls and health, wealth, and wisdom

OBJECTIVE: To test the validity of Benjamin Franklin's maxim "early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise." DESIGN: Cross sectional analysis of sleeping patterns in a nationally representative group of elderly people, and longitudinal investigation of mortality. SETTING: Eight areas in Britain (five in England, two in Scotland, and one in Wales). SUBJECTS: 1229 men and women aged 65 and over who in 1973-4 had taken part in a survey funded by the Department of Health and Social Security and for whom data on sleeping patterns, health, socioeconomic circumstances, and cognitive function had been recorded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self reported income, access to a car, standard of accommodation, performance on a test of cognitive function, state of health and mortality during 23 years of follow up. RESULTS: 356 people (29%) were defined as larks (to bed before 11 pm and up before 8 am) and 318 (26%) were defined as owls (to bed at or after 11 pm and up at or after 8 am). There was no indication that larks were richer than those with other sleeping patterns. On the contrary, owls had the largest mean income and were more likely to have access to a car. There was also no evidence that larks were superior to those with other sleeping patterns with regard to their cognitive performance or their state of health. Both larks and owls had a slightly reduced risk of death compared with the rest of the study sample, but this was accounted for by the fact that they spent less time in bed at night. In the study sample as a whole, longer periods of time in bed were associated with increased mortality. After adjustment for age, sex, the presence of illness, and other risk factors, people who spent 12 or more hours in bed had a relative risk of death of 1.7 (1.2 to 2.5) compared with those who were in bed for 9 hours. The lowest risk occurred in people who spent 8 hours in bed (adjusted relative risk 0.8; 0.7 to 1.0). CONCLUSION: These findings do not support Franklin's claim. A "late to bed and late to rise" lifestyle does not seem to lead to socioeconomic, cognitive, or health disadvantage, but a longer time spent in bed may be associated with increased mortality.     

深云立交桥梁检测及加固改造

根据深云立交桥梁的检测结果，对该桥目前的整体状况、工作状态，及其使用情况做出综合评价，对桥的病害原因进行了分析，并提出合理的加固方案。     

关于摩尔浓度及其与硬度转换关系问题的讨论

众所周知，国际单位制物质的量采用摩尔(mol)表示，近几年出版的给排水专业书籍，为了与国际单位制接轨，逐渐将摩尔的使用频率不断提高，被给排水技术人员广泛应用的新版给排水设计手册，将表示物质浓度的单位“当量／升”或“毫克当量／升”．改为mol／l或mmol／l，虽然编者对其基本单元定义作了说明，但在实际运用上仍会出现误解，     

《儿子与情人》的语码转换与男女二元对立

劳伦斯小说《儿子与情人》一个鲜明的语言特色就是标准英语和当地方言频繁的语码转换。莫瑞尔用方言来对抗妻子,而妻子坚持用标准英语,偶尔也用方言来讽刺、挖苦丈夫。语码转换反映了劳伦斯男女二元对立的哲学思想。     

抗腐蚀高强耐磨涂料研发与应用

介绍了抗腐蚀高强度耐磨涂料的研制和开发，以及用作柳钢球团回转烘干机刮板保护涂层的应用效果。