农业工程学科双语教学模式探讨

当前我国对高等教育双语教学提出了一定的目标及要求.农业工程学科有着多学科交叉的自身特点,在双语教学中应结合本学科的特点确立相关目标和要求.教学过程中应采用包含问题研究式教学、情境式教学、多媒体式教学、自学式教学等在内的多种教学模式相结合的方式进行,并应用综合考评方式进行教学考核.针对我国高等教育双语教学起始阶段的发展现状,双语教学中教材应以原版为主,辅以中文译文,师资培训应注重外聘引进高水平教师,并逐步培训现有教师达到较好的教学效果.     

关于双语课件在外贸教学中的作用分析

根据外贸方向的学生英语起点高,专业国际性强的特点,将国际贸易课程设置为双语教学课程,既保证了学生在大学期间能够奠定厚实的专业基础,又兼顾了英语综合素质和跨丈化交际能力的提高.从而满足企业对国际贸易特色人才的需要,但在国际贸易双语教学实践中又存在一些我们需要解决的问题.本文结合双语教学过程中的学生、师资、教材等方面问题,阐述双语课件的巨大作用.     

轻金属冶金双语教学研究

论述了轻金属冶金双语教学实践、教学效果和产生的问题。对教学方法进行改革,采取多样化、直观化、系统化教学手段,教师和学生都得到了不同层面的提升。双语教学教材、学生英语水平和教师把控双语的能力构成了双语教学的现实问题。     

高校专业课双语教学问题探析

双语教学是教育改革发展的必然趋势.高校明确要求开设双语教学,取得成绩的同时也遇到一些问题.本文简要阐述高校在实施双语教学过程中出现的主要问题,指出应从双语教师、双语教材、双语教学管理与评价机制以及教学艺术等方面采取改进措施,促进双语教学工作进一步发展和完善.     

浅谈学前儿童双语教育

学前教育作为一个教育阶段,已经得到了越来越多的重视.个体所接受的学前教育的好坏,直接影响着其终身的发展.近些年来,英语已经成为高素质人才所必备的一项技能,无论是国家还是个人,都在英语学习上投入了大量的时间、物力、财力.但是英语学习的效果却不尽人意,"中国式英语"、"哑巴英语"层出不穷.面对这一现实问题,我们应改进学习观念和手段,应尝试在学前阶段引入英语学习.针对这一问题,本文将对在学前儿童开展双语教育的必要性及可行性进行分析,并对如何更好的开展学前儿童双语教育提出建议.     

轻金属冶金双语教学

论述了双语教学与复合型冶金专业人才培养的关系。以轻金属冶金为例,提出冶金工程专业实行双语教学的必要性。在教学思路改革方面提出正确对待3个问题:专业英语同双语教学的矛盾,英语交流同专业知识不同表达之间的冲突,英语同母语双向交换思维的不间断问题。针对双语教学在轻金属冶金教学中的问题,提出以"诱导-迁移-浸没"渐进式教学,课题"嵌入"式教学,多媒体教学,教学互动启发性,考试方法改革,教学方法改革等。对在冶金工程专业轻金属冶金中实行双语教学提供思路和方法。     

以校本研修为载体促进历史教师专业发展

"春风化雨行动"历史教师培训项目旨在通过校本研修促进历史教师的专业发展.在培训实践中,兼顾校本研修和历史教师的专业发展,其中设置理论学习阶段的培训课程是培训成功的重要一步;行动研究阶段,高效落实校本研修的组织和实施,需做到以反思性教学实践为主开展课堂教学实践研修,注意研修成果的随时总结和提炼.另外培训还重视对学员校本研修动力的激发和保持,强调行动研究中参训教师的嵌入式学习行为,重视对学员校本研修方法的指导.     

在行动研究中促进职业发展——以一位优秀大学英语教师为例

本文介绍了一位大学英语教师如何在教学实践中通过采取行动研究推动自身发展的故事,用叙事研究的方法展现这位教师如何在行动研究过程中反思自己、发展自己的过程.笔者采用"田野式"研究方法走进教室课堂、与教师展开座谈等定性研究方法,阐明了采用行动研究可以有效推动大学英语教师的发展,从而解决了教师所面临的教学与科研分离的矛盾.     

"第三方物流"课程双语教学实践探讨

高等院校物流管理专业课程实施双语教学符合时代发展和教学改革的需要.以"第三方物流"课程的双语教学实践为例,从教学模式设计、教学过程实施和教学效果评价三个方面对双语教学进行了探讨和思考,并提出了一些自身的教学心得体会.     

加强国际班学生双语教学课英语思维力的培养

给出双语教学"三个阶段,两个跨越"的总结,提出在双语教学实践中应着重加强学生英语思维力的培养。以线性代数双语教学课程为例,详细介绍了将提高学生英语思维力的教学理念渗透于教学实践中的做法。最后,总结了教学反馈结果,并提出了一些值得思考的问题。     

Voices of fear and anxiety and sadness and depression: The effects of speech rate and loudness on fear and anxiety and sadness and depression.

Two studies investigated the role of expressive vocal behavior (specifically, speech rate and loudness) in fear and anxiety and in sadness and depression. In the 1st study, participants spoke about personally experienced fear and anxiety-arousing and neutral events using 3 different voice styles: fast and loud, normal, and slow and soft. In the 2nd study, participants spoke about personally experienced sad or depressing and neutral events using the same 3 voice styles. In both studies, the participants' highest levels of subjective affective and cardiovascular (CV) arousal occurred when they spoke about the emotional events in a mood-congruent voice style: fast and loud in the case of fear and anxiety, and slow and soft in the case of sadness or depression. Mood-incongruent voice styles canceled the heightened levels of CV arousal normally associated with these negative emotions. The voice-style manipulation had no significant effect on the participants' levels of CV arousal during the neutral discussions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Synthesis and analysis of mixed chlorinated-fluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans and assessment of formation and occurrence of the fluorinated and chlorinated-fluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans

Despite the use of multimodal therapy, higher-grade glioma is still uniformly fatal in the adult population. There is a considerable difference between the length of survival in each given patient, even within the same tumor type and malignancy grade group, suggesting that there are factors that might differentially influence outcome. To identify such factors, 107 patients with anaplastic or malignant glioma were retrospectively investigated. Clinical parameters and paraclinical data on the p53, mdm2, and EGFR genes at the DNA or protein level were evaluated by univariate analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression modeling. Kaplan-Meier survival estimation demonstrated that immunohistochemical positivity for mdm2 protein in patients with anaplastic astrocytoma or with glioblastoma multiforme was associated with a shorter survival time (p = 0.02). P53 gene mutations and immunopositivity for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein were not significantly related to poor prognosis. The Cox proportional hazards model revealed immunohistochemical positivity for p53, mdm2, or for both of them, the presence of postoperative irradiation, and the extent of surgical resection of tumor to be variables significantly associated with prolonged survival. EGFR overexpression, age over 60 years, and Karnofsky performance score below 40 points did not significantly shorten survival time. In conclusion, the present study identified immunohistochemically detected mdm2-protein overexpression as a statistically significant negative prognostic parameter in patients bearing anaplastic or malignant glioma. Association analysis of variables revealed a possible correlation between mdm2 and p53, which is also consistent with the biological interaction mode of both proteins in vivo.     

Sexuality and aging--usual and successful

BACKGROUND: As aging research increasingly reflects an effort to dissociate true time-driven changes from those that can be improved, sexuality in later life remains largely unexplored. Several problems are evident. There is a lack of normative data, a lack of a conceptual framework relating to the biology, psychology, and sociology of sex, and an attitudinal resistance that obscures the entire topic. METHODS: We conducted a three-part instructional series on major topics involved with sexuality and aging. We surveyed our group of attendees (n 158, average age 68 for males, 65 for females) before and after the series. RESULTS: A remarkably robust sex life was evidenced by both the men and the women, even until advanced old age. Yet, a substantially decreased involvement was reported from 10 years earlier. Despite current activities, people of both sexes wished they were participating even more than they currently were. Impotency was identified as the major negative feature for the men; relationship problems were for the women. A questionnaire 6 months after the series reported improved sexual attitudes, but no change in sexual activities from the earlier survey. CONCLUSION: Sexuality is a major quality-of-life issue which persists into old age. Our study showed that the usual sexual practices reported by our group were not considered by them to be ideal. The intervention of this instructional series provided improved sexual attitudes but not performance. Additional studies are encouraged.     

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis and sports

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis occur predominantly in the lower lumbar spine. Besides congenital defects such as predisposition of spondylolysis the correlation between competitive sports activities and an increased incidence of spondylolysis is proved. In early stages, complete healing can be achieved by conservative treatment (abstinence from sports activities for 3 months, orthesis). Persistence of pain, neurologic symptoms and progression of vertebral slipping are indications for operative treatment (reconstruction of the isthmus, dorso-ventral spondylodesis). The exercise tolerance depends on the extent of instability, progression of vertebral slipping and clinical symptoms. The limits of exercise tolerance vary among the individual athletes and require the decision of the physician. Backstroke swimming, abdominal and back muscle strengthening exercises, and types of sport involving smooth movements are advisable. Sports education in school is possible without restriction in patients with stable spondylolysis and in those with spondylolisthesis without unfavourable concomitant factors.     

Larks and owls and health, wealth, and wisdom

OBJECTIVE: To test the validity of Benjamin Franklin's maxim "early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise." DESIGN: Cross sectional analysis of sleeping patterns in a nationally representative group of elderly people, and longitudinal investigation of mortality. SETTING: Eight areas in Britain (five in England, two in Scotland, and one in Wales). SUBJECTS: 1229 men and women aged 65 and over who in 1973-4 had taken part in a survey funded by the Department of Health and Social Security and for whom data on sleeping patterns, health, socioeconomic circumstances, and cognitive function had been recorded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self reported income, access to a car, standard of accommodation, performance on a test of cognitive function, state of health and mortality during 23 years of follow up. RESULTS: 356 people (29%) were defined as larks (to bed before 11 pm and up before 8 am) and 318 (26%) were defined as owls (to bed at or after 11 pm and up at or after 8 am). There was no indication that larks were richer than those with other sleeping patterns. On the contrary, owls had the largest mean income and were more likely to have access to a car. There was also no evidence that larks were superior to those with other sleeping patterns with regard to their cognitive performance or their state of health. Both larks and owls had a slightly reduced risk of death compared with the rest of the study sample, but this was accounted for by the fact that they spent less time in bed at night. In the study sample as a whole, longer periods of time in bed were associated with increased mortality. After adjustment for age, sex, the presence of illness, and other risk factors, people who spent 12 or more hours in bed had a relative risk of death of 1.7 (1.2 to 2.5) compared with those who were in bed for 9 hours. The lowest risk occurred in people who spent 8 hours in bed (adjusted relative risk 0.8; 0.7 to 1.0). CONCLUSION: These findings do not support Franklin's claim. A "late to bed and late to rise" lifestyle does not seem to lead to socioeconomic, cognitive, or health disadvantage, but a longer time spent in bed may be associated with increased mortality.     

Craniometaphyseal and craniodiaphyseal dysplasia, head and neck manifestations and management

Mechanical allodynia (MA) following hand injury is a well-documented clinical problem. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the relationship between hand MA and the upper limb tension test (ULTT). The ULTT mechanically stresses the neural structures from the C5/6/7 neural foramina to the median nerve distally. This study examined 29 subjects with unilateral hand MA before and after a 2-week neural self-mobilization programme. There was a significant difference between the subjects' affected and unaffected sides when tested using the ULTT, both in reproduction of symptoms and in reduced range of motion of the ULTT. Following the self-mobilization program, there was an improvement in the range of the ULTT, and subjects reported a reduction in their symptoms. Complete recovery was not obtained in all cases. The results of this study suggest that the ULTT is a useful tool both in assessment and treatment of subjects with hand MA.     

深云立交桥梁检测及加固改造

根据深云立交桥梁的检测结果，对该桥目前的整体状况、工作状态，及其使用情况做出综合评价，对桥的病害原因进行了分析，并提出合理的加固方案。     

关于摩尔浓度及其与硬度转换关系问题的讨论

众所周知，国际单位制物质的量采用摩尔(mol)表示，近几年出版的给排水专业书籍，为了与国际单位制接轨，逐渐将摩尔的使用频率不断提高，被给排水技术人员广泛应用的新版给排水设计手册，将表示物质浓度的单位“当量／升”或“毫克当量／升”．改为mol／l或mmol／l，虽然编者对其基本单元定义作了说明，但在实际运用上仍会出现误解，     

《儿子与情人》的语码转换与男女二元对立

劳伦斯小说《儿子与情人》一个鲜明的语言特色就是标准英语和当地方言频繁的语码转换。莫瑞尔用方言来对抗妻子,而妻子坚持用标准英语,偶尔也用方言来讽刺、挖苦丈夫。语码转换反映了劳伦斯男女二元对立的哲学思想。