银杏叶黄酮提取工艺的优化

[目的]优化银杏叶总黄酮的提取工艺,为银杏黄酮的精制提供前提条件.[方法]采用紫外分光光度法测定银杏叶中总黄酮的含量;用单因素试验考察乙醇浓度、回流温度、提取时间对银杏黄酮收率的影响,优化提取条件.[结果]银杏叶中总黄酮含量为1.502 6mg/ml;最佳提取条件:70%乙醇为提取剂,回流温度为80℃,提取时间为3.0 h.[结论]该研究得到银杏黄酮最佳的提取工艺,为银杏叶黄酮的精制提供了前提条件.     

襄麦冬中总黄酮超声波提取最佳工艺的研究

[目的]建立并优化襄麦冬块根中总黄酮的提取方法.[方法]采用超声波辅助提取法,通过单因素试验和正交试验考察提取时间、料液比、乙醇体积分数和超声波功率对襄麦冬块根中黄酮提取的影响,优化提取工艺条件.[结果]正交试验结果表明,影响襄麦冬中总黄酮提取的主要因素为超声波功率,而最佳提取工艺为超声提取时间75 min,乙醇体积分教70%,料液比1:20,超声波功率90W.在此工艺条件下,寰麦冬总黄酮提取率为0.581 mg/g.[结论]研究结果为襄麦冬中总黄酮的开发利用提供了理论依捂.     

超声提取花生根茎叶中白藜芦醇的工艺优化

[目的]优化花生根茎叶中白藜芦醇超声法提取的工艺条件.[方法]以花生根、茎、叶为原料,采用超声法对白藜芦醇的提取工艺进行研究,通过单因素试验和正交试验确定提取的最佳工艺条件,并通过HPLC法进行分析.[结果]超声提取法提取花生根、茎、叶中白藜芦醇的最佳工艺为:超声频率为15.33 kHz,占空比为1:2,提取时间为6 min,料液比为1:25,乙醇浓度为70%,在最佳提取条件下测得白藜芦醇的提取量为885.96 μg/g.[结论]该研究得到超声提取法提取花生根、茎、叶中白藜芦醇的最佳提取工艺,为高效提取花生根茎叶中的白藜芦醇提供了新途径.     

超声波提取荔枝壳总黄酮的工艺研究

[目的]优化荔枝壳中总黄酮的提取工艺.[方法]采用超声波辅助法提取荔枝壳中的总黄酮,以总黄酮得率为指标,在单因素试验的基础上,采用正交设计优化提取工艺.[结果]最佳工艺工艺如下:乙醇浓度60%,超声时间30 min,料液比1:50,超声提取次数2次,在此工艺条件下,荔枝壳总黄酮的提取得率可达28.18 mg/g.[结论]超声波辅助法提取荔枝壳总黄酮具有方便、高效的优点,该研究为荔枝壳总黄酮的进一步开发利用奠定了试验基础.     

超声波辅助提取络石藤总黄酮的工艺研究

[目的]优化超声波辅助提取络石藤中总黄酮的工艺.[方法]以总黄酮含量为考察指标,采用正交试验设计研究超声波辅助提取络石藤总黄酮的最佳工艺条件.[结果]最佳提取工艺为乙醇浓度60%、反应温度70 ℃、超声时间30 min、料液比1:15;在此条件下,总黄酮的提取率为3.22%.[结论]优化后的工艺简便可行,可为络石藤总黄酮提取纯化工艺的产业化提供理论依据.     

黄秆乌哺鸡竹叶化学成分的测定

[目的]测定黄秆乌哺鸡竹叶的化学成分.[方法]以当年生和3年生黄秆乌哺鸡竹成竹为试材,从竹子的顶梢、中部和基部采集样品,对其水提取物.采用硝酸铝-亚硝酸钠比色法测定总黄酮含量,福尔马林还原比色法测定总酚含量,凯氏定氮法和分光光度法测定蛋白质和总糖含量.[结果]黄秆鸟哺鸡竹新叶中总黄酮含量较高,老叶中总酚含量较高,黄酮含量平均为1.65%,总酚含量平均为2.35%;竹叶的蛋白质含量平均为21.37%;竹叶的总糖含量平均为36.99%,多糖含量平均为25.01%.[结论]黄秆乌哺鸡竹叶中的水提取物含量平均为24.64%,水溶性糖含量平均为11.98%,除含糖类外,还含有黄酮、酚类和蒽醌等化合物,因此黄秆乌哺鸡竹叶具有很好的抗癌保健作用.可开发为一种代茶饮料.     

2种蜂胶总黄酮提取方法的比较

[目的]为进一步开发和利用蜂胶资源提供依据.[方法]采用正交试验,对乙醇热浸法和微波辅助法提取蜂胶总黄酮的工艺和效果进行比较.[结果]乙醇热浸法提取蜂胶总黄酮的最佳工艺条件为:料液比1:30、提取温度60℃、提取时间6 h、乙醇浓度70%,在此条件下总黄酮提取率为9.931%;微波辅助法提取蜂胶总黄酮的最佳工艺条件为:料液比1:50、微波功率420 w、微波处理时间40 s、乙醇浓度70%,在此奈件下总黄酮提取率为14.574%.[结论]微波法提取时间短、提取效率高,是一种理想的蜂胶总黄酮提取方法.     

荧光分光光度法测定木香花中的总黄酮含量

[目的]测定木香花中的总黄酮含量.[方法]通过正交试验选择最佳提取条件,以芦丁为标样,用荧光分光光度法测定木香花中总黄酮的含量.[结果]在激发波长和发射波长为430和497 nm下,芦丁浓度与荧光强度呈良好的线性关系,标准曲线的相关系数为0.997 8,平均回收率为98.7%.RSD为0.19%.木香花中总黄酮的含量为1.09%.[结论]该方法简便、快速、准确,可用于植物及其制品中总黄酮含量的定量测定.     

微波辅助提取积雪草总黄酮的工艺研究

[目的]在微波辅助条件下寻找提取积雪草总黄酮的优化条件.[方法]选取单因素试验和正交试验,以微波功率、微波辅助提取时间、乙醇浓度、固液比为因素,每个因素3个水平,选择L9(34)正交表,用紫外分光光度法测定的总黄酮含量作为评价指标.[结果]最佳提取条件为微波功率406 W,微波时间90 s.乙醇浓度70%,固液比1:20,此时总黄酮含量为5.342%.[结论]该试验提取工艺操作简单、步骤简洁、方法稳定可行.     

宁夏沙枣中总黄酮的提取工艺研究

[目的]优化宁夏沙枣中总黄酮的提取工艺.[方法]采用乙醇回流法对沙枣中的总黄酮进行提取.在单因素试验的基础上,采用正交设计考察提取温度、乙醇浓度、提取时间和料液比对黄酮提取率的影响.[结果]最佳工艺条件如下:提取温度80℃,提取时间1h,提取剂为体积分数0.60的乙醇,料液比1:18.在此条件下,宁夏沙枣中总黄酮的提取率可达3.070 mg/g.[结论]该研究为提高宁夏沙枣的药用功效和进一步开发利用提供了试验依据.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.