三维极化幅度调制解调器

从空间电磁场的数学描述出发,给出了对无线通信信号幅度、极化辐角与极化相位角进行三维联合调制解调的方法。根据描述空间电磁场各参数之间关系的方程,首先建立了三维联合调制信号的模型,然后讨论了三维联合调制信号通过矢量天线发射的实现方式,并给出了在接收端通过信号幅度检测及其波达方向(DOA)极化参数估计这2个步骤来实现对三维联合调制信号进行解调的策略;分析了三维联合调制误码率的计算方法及其性能。分析与仿真结果均表明:所提出的调制解调方法具有传输速率高和误码率低的优点。     

跳时脉幅脉位混合调制超宽带通信性能研究

针对目前超宽带通信调制方式误码率高的问题，提出正交脉冲脉幅脉位混合调制（OAPPM）改善系统性能的方法。OAPPM调制方式是把信息调制在信号的位置和幅度上，接收端利用最佳检测器进行接收。文中分析了TH—OAPPMUWB系统的信道容量和误符号率并进行了仿真。结果表明：该方法与传统的PPM和PAM相比，降低了误符号率和系统复杂度，较好地改善了UWB通信系统性能。     

基于数据辅助的QAM幅相均衡技术研究

针对高速无线数字通信传输的正交幅度调制(Quadrature Amplitude Modulation,QAM),研究多进制下QAM调制在高斯白噪声信道的误码率性能,解决传输过程中信道幅相不一致的问题。将QAM信号分解为双路正交的MASK信号,利用MASK高斯白噪声误码率公式推导出QAM的误码率,综合考虑误码率性能和高速数字传输,选择了16 QAM调制;针对幅相不一致的信道对星座图和误码率的影响,提出了基于数据辅助(64位PN序列前导)的QAM幅相均衡技术,对信道进行了估计与均衡。通过Matlab平台仿真,结果表明均衡后的16QAM的误码率性能接近于无幅相偏差的理想QAM性能。该方法同样适用于高阶QAM调制,保证了高速无线数字通信的可靠性。     

QAM调制分析与其SystemView仿真实现

正交振幅调制OAM(Ouadrature Amplitude Modulation)是一种频谱利用率很高的调制方式.文章在介绍OAM调制、解调原理的基础上,深入探讨了OAM的频谱利用率和误码率性能.并在SystemView下对该系统进行了完整仿真.通过仿真观察到调制与解调信号的波形,星座图以及OAM信号功率谱密度曲线,并对仿真结果进行了分析.由分析结果可知,OAM调制系统具有很高的频谱利用率以及较好的误码率性能,因此可增大系统容量,同时也保证了系统的可靠性.     

方向调制信号干扰激励优化设计方法

为了提高方向调制物理层通信安全信号的安全性能,本文基于方向调制天线静态和动态干扰激励的优化问题,分别以一定区域内窃听者误码率和信号幅度衰减系数作为安全性衡量指标,建立了发射机效率约束条件下的安全最优化模型,然后结合增广拉格朗日遗传算法,优化设计了方向调制信号。仿真验证表明,与一般方向调制信号相比,在同等发射机效率条件下所优化设计的方向调制信号能进一步提高窃听者误码率,表现出更好的安全性能。      

RoFSO系统QAM调制解调仿真及其性能分析

由于自由空间光通信（FSO）具有速率高、功耗低、机动性强等特点,利用自由空间光信道传输射频信号（Radio Over FSO）,将其与正交幅度调制（QAM）相结合,可以使二者互相补充,发挥各自的优势。本文论述了自由空间光通信中正交幅度调制（QAM）的原理和特性,并进行了QAM调制和解调的matlab仿真。通过对得到的仿真结果进行比较和分析,研究了QAM信号的解调性能,分析计算了QAM信号相干解调的误比特率（BER）、误码率（SER）和信道容量。为Radio Over FSO系统的实现奠定了理论基础。     

基于SystemView的256QAM信号调制与解调的仿真实现

在介绍正交振幅调制(QAM)信号的调制、解调原理的基础上,以相对比较复杂的256QAM为例,对QAM信号的频带利用率和误码率性能进行了分析,给出了用动态系统仿真和分析软件SystemView进行系统仿真的具体设置,并分析了仿真结果。     

BPSK/QPSK调制方式下的STC-OFDM系统性能

对STC-OFDM系统模型进行了详细介绍,分析了系统在BPSK和QPSK调制方式下的误码率性能,并与OFDM系统进行比较。仿真结果表明,将空时编码技术和OFDM系统结合在一起,可以进一步提高系统性能。此外,对于OFDM系统,BPSK和QPSK调制的误码率性能是一样的,但在STC-OFDM系统中,BPSK调制的误码率性能明显优于QPSK。     

大规模无线网桥传输技术研究

由于传输传输过程中信号的离散程度较高,导致在有限的传输信道内,接收端接收信号的误码率较高,为此,提出5.8G无线网桥传输技术研究。在对信号发射进行调制阶段,采用了全电子学OOK技术,将开关调制器作为载体,通过建立直流分量和调制信号之间的关联关系约束信号的调制幅度,实现信号的收敛,利用载波功率与边带调制信号功率的关系确定调制终点后,采用差分ECP结构实现对信号传输过程的控制。在测试结果中,设计传输技术中在频衰减为-5dB,发射功率为30.0dBm条件下的误码率低于10-12,在频衰减为-15dB,发射功率为20.0dBm条件下的误码率低于10-10,满足通信系统的误码率阈值要求。     

基于矢量天线的新型三维调制解调方法

借助于矢量天线,提出了一种将信号相位、极化幅度与极化俯仰角参数进行三维调制的方法。给出了极化与相位联合三维调制解调的实现策略,讨论了三维联合调制的星座图和星座点分布方案。推导出了三维联合调制信号误码率的解析表达式并进行了仿真。分析与仿真结果均表明:提出的调制方法具有传输速率高和误码率低的特点。     

Pulse Position Amplitude Modulation for Time-Hopping Multiple-Access UWB Communications

In this letter, we propose a new modulation scheme called pulse position amplitude modulation (PPAM) for ultra-wideband (UWB) communication systems. PPAM combines pulse position modulation and pulse amplitude modulation to provide good system performance and low computational complexity. The channel capacity of PPAM is determined for a time-hopping multiple-access UWB communication system. The error probability and performance bounds are derived for a multiuser environment.     

水下复合信道对GMSK无线光通信系统性能的影响

The absorption and scattering of light in seawater channel cause signal attenuation, and the turbulence of seawater causes signal amplitude fluctuation, both of which will reduce the bit error rate (BER) performance of underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) system. The effects of the two channel characteristics on the signal performance were considered comprehensively, and a method was proposed to equate the transmission distance and turbulence probability density function to the system signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and turbulence noise, and then the signal attenuation and turbulence noise were combined into the signal waveform to establish the underwater composite channel signal transmission model. According to the experimental system parameters, the signal transmission waveforms of Gaussian minimum frequency shift keying (GMSK) modulation under composite channel were simulated, and the one-bit difference demodulation algorithm was used to compare the demodulated waveforms with the original waveform, and the influence relationships of composite channel on the system BER performance was analyzed. The simulation experiment results show that, compared with on-off keying modulation (OOK), pulse position modulation (PPM), GMSK system can obtain the SNR gain of 3.3 dB, 4.8 dB respectively only in the attenuation channel with seawater attenuation coefficient of 0.151 m?1. Under the composite channel, GMSK modulation performance is superior to OOK modulation and PPM modulation. When the water attenuation coefficient is 0.151 m?1, and turbulence intensity variance is smaller than 0.16, GMSK modulation system has no error rate limit, the system BER is decided by signal attenuation and turbulence noise and Gaussian noise together, GMSK modulation achieves SNR gain of 4.35 dB compared with PPM modulation. Furthermore, turbulence intensity variance is greater than 0.16, system BER arrives limit, which value is determined by the turbulence intensity, and the limit value of BER increases nonlinearly with the increase of turbulence intensity.     

Quasi-synchronous code-division multiple access with high-ordermodulation

Code-division multiple access (CDMA) is a multiplexing technique where a number of users simultaneously access a transmission channel by modulating and spreading their signals with preassigned codewords. This paper studies the performance of CDMA signals with orthogonal (Walsh-Hadamard) codewords and synchronization errors smaller than the chip time. Two high-order modulation techniques, M-level quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) and M-level phase-shift keying (M-PSK) are compared with respect to bit-error rate (BER). The results are especially important for the return channel of cable TV networks and summarized as follows: 1) Synchronization errors between transmitters lead to interference noise, whereas synchronization errors between the transmitter and the receiver lead to a decreased amplitude of the received user signal. Both effects have significant impact on the system performance. 2) Closed expressions are obtained for the BER of a CDMA signal with M-PSK and M-QAM with a given maximum synchronization error. 3) The higher the modulation order, the more sensitive the system gets for synchronization errors. 4) The BER is highly dependent on the assigned codewords out of the Walsh-Hadamard code set. 5) The BER performance of M-QAM outperforms that of M-PSK     

智能反射面实现空间调制的安全系统性能分析

为了解决安全空间调制系统中合法信道增益差的问题,提出了一种用智能反射面(Intelligent Reflective Surface,IRS)实现空间调制的物理层安全传输方案。IRS接收到发射端发射的幅相调制信号后,通过选择不同的IRS反射元件序号对空域部分信息进行映射,再将信号反射到接收端,以增大窃听端获取完整信息的难度。此外,在发射端采用波束赋形和天线分集技术,提高了系统有效性和可靠性。对系统的保密速率和误比特率进行的理论分析和仿真实验结果表明,所提方案不仅可以提高系统保密速率,还可以降低合法接收端的误比特率。     

A New Distance Notion for PPAM Space--Time Trellis Codes for UWB MIMO Communications

We introduce a new distance notion and develop novel design criteria for optimal MN-ary pulse position amplitude modulation (PPAM) space-time trellis codes (STTC) for ultrawideband multiple-input multiple-output systems for slow and fast fading at both low and high SNR. Simulation results of the 2,2-ary PPAM STTC, constructed through set partitioning, confirm significant reduction in bit error rate.     

Study of BER of 64-QAM signal and OMI-window of feasible operationin analog/digital hybrid SCM transmission systems

In an analog/digital hybrid subcarrier multiplexed (SCM) transmission, carriers have generally been substituted for transmission signals such as AM vestigal sideband (AM-VSB) AM signals and M-QAM signals to evaluate transmission quality. In practical hybrid SCM, however, carriers are modulated by video signals or digital data, and the amplitude of a multiplexed signal composed of these modulation signals is more compressed than that of the carriers. This causes a decrease in the frequency of clipping of the multiplexed signal at the laser threshold. Consequently, the BER of the M-QAM signal in a practical hybrid SCM is lower than that of the experimental results for the same optical modulation index (OMI). However, it is difficult to prepare many practical modulation signals for experiments in a laboratory. Therefore, there is demand for a bit error rate (BER) analysis method for a multiplexed signal that includes the modulation signals needed to sufficiently evaluate the BER and determine the optimum OMI in a practical hybrid SCM. In this paper, we describe such a BER analysis method that can effectively estimate the BER in a practical hybrid SCM. In practical systems, the BER was greatly improved over the BER of a multiplexed signal of carriers. Furthermore, BER degradations due to clipping can be neglected for the AM signals in setting a practical OMI range. We used this analysis method to study the effective OMI range of AM and M-QAM signals. By assuming modulation signals, the OMI range is enlarged and, significantly, the OMI of an AM signal becomes suitable for setting practical values in AM-SCM transmission. This OMI range is more practical than those of former studies     

Corona Based Optimal Node Deployment Distribution in Wireless Sensor Networks

This paper shows the trade off between different modulation techniques such as multi level quadrature amplitude modulation, multi level phase shift keying, and multi level differential phase shift keying for upgrading direct detection optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems with possible transmission distance up to 15,000 km and total bit rate of 2.56 Tb/s. The 2.56 Tb/s signal is generated by multiplexing 64 OFDM signals with 40 Gb/s for each OFDM. Variations of optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR), signal to noise ratio (SNR), and bit error rate (BER) are studied with the variations of transmission distance. Maximum radio frequency power spectrum, and output electrical power after decoder are measured for different multi level modulation techniques with carrier frequency. It is observed that multi level QAM has presented better performance than multi level PSK and finally multi level DPSK in optical OFDM systems. Maximum output power after decoder is enhanced with both 32-PSK, and 64-QAM. Quadrature signal amplitude level at encoder is upgraded with 64-QAM. It is noticed that OSNR, SNR, and BER are improved using 4-QAM OFDM system than either QPSK or 4-DPSK.     

Design of mm-RoF system based on OFM technique with optimized OFDM modulation

We present the design of a novel bi-directional millimeter-wave radio-over-fiber (mm-RoF) system based on the millimeter-wave generation by optical frequency multiplication (OFM). A dual-drive Mach-Zehnder modulator is used to generate high-order optical side-modes which beat in the photo-detector, producing a 40-GHz carrier. Over 100-Mb/s orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation scheme is employed. The emphasis is on developing a mathematical model for optimizing optical modulation index to the Mach-Zehnder intensity modulator (IM) for OFDM signal with high peak-to-average power ratio which imposes a limitation on the system bit error rate (BER) performance due to the non-linearity of IM. The theoretical analysis on composite carrier to composite triple beat ratio is performed based on which extension to the system BER formula for quadrature phase shift keying/ multiple quadrature amplitude modulation (QPSK/MQAM) format is presented. The experimental proof is given in a 40-GHz RoF system at a bit rate of up to 280 Mb/s in 100-MHz bandwidth.     

Adaptive modulation with constrained variable power for space–time coded MIMO systems

Practically, the maximum transmission power of transmission systems is limited. This power constraint causes the variable power control derived from no maximum power limitation suffering from performance degradation. In this paper, a constrained variable‐power adaptive M‐ary quadrature amplitude modulation scheme for MIMO systems with space–time coding is developed. Convex optimization is used to derive the switching thresholds of the instantaneous signal‐to‐noise ratio for power control (PC) and adaptive modulation under the constraints of maximum power, average power, and target BER. In the derivation of the relation between modulation and power, the exact BER expression of binary phase shift keying modulation and a tight bound for higher order quadrature amplitude modulation are used to make the PC scheme fulfill the target BER even at low signal‐to‐noise ratio where the previous PC schemes fail to meet the target BER. Numerical results show that the derived control scheme under the power constraints can obtain the spectrum efficiency and BER performance close to the previous control scheme without power limitation. Moreover, it can satisfy the requirements of power limitation and target BER and can effectively avoid the excessive power consumption of previous PC scheme in poor channel condition. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

CMOS implementation of nonlinear spectral-line timing recovery in digital data-communication systems

In many of the digital communication systems where a form of passband modulation scheme is used, carrierless amplitude and phase modulation (CAP) or quadrature and amplitude modulation for example, the signal waveform does not contain a baud-rate spectral line. This paper describes analog and all-digital implementations of timing recovery using the nonlinear spectral-line method. The analog implementation of the timing-recovery integrated circuit was fabricated in 0.9-/spl mu/m CMOS process and verified to meet all the requirements for a system utilizing the CAP modulation scheme, and initial results of the all-digital implementation confirm an even better performance that is process independent. The 51.84-MHz recovered clock allows the receiver to achieve better than a 10/sup -10/ bit-error rate (BER).