红景天醇提物对乙醇诱导QZG细胞氧化损伤的保护作用

目的:研究乙醇对氧化应激损伤的作用特点和红景天醇提物的抗氧化作用.方法:采用DPPH自由基生成体系、体外鲁米诺化学发光反应(OH和O<,2><'+>)体系观察红景天醇提物对DPPH自由基、OH和O<,2><'+>化学发光强度的抑制作用以及剂量-效应关系.采用乙醇诱导人正常肝细胞系QZG细胞的氧化应激反应模型,观察红景天醇提物对乙醇诱导细胞活力和氧化应激损伤的保护作用.实验分设红景天醇提物3个不同浓度(50、100、200 mg/L)的预防给药组和治疗给药组、阳性对照组(200 mmol/乙醇干预)和阴性对照组(不加受试物).预防给药组用红景天醇提物预处理QZG细胞12 h后,再加入200 mmol/L乙醇处理6 h,治疗给药组采用红景天醇提物和乙醇同时处理QZG细胞6 h.用MTT试验和生化法测定细胞活力、细胞丙二醛(MDA)、还原型和氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSH、GSSG)和总巯基(T-SH)含量、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧阴离子歧化酶(SOD)活力;免疫印迹法检测细胞抗氧化酶血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1)和核因子相关因子2(NRF-2)蛋白的表达.结果:红景天醇提物对自由基的生成具有显著的抑制作用,呈现较为明显的剂量-效应关系;红景天醇提物可有效保护乙醇所致的肝细胞活力损伤,且治疗组具有明显的剂量-效应关系.与阳性对照组相比,红景天醇提物干预组细胞的MDA含量和GSSG含量下降(P<0.05),GSH和T-SH含量显著升高(P<0.05);CAT和SOD活性也显著升高(P<0.05).免疫印迹测定结果表明,红景天醇提物可以诱导HO-1蛋白和NRF-2蛋白表达上调(P<0.05).结论:红景天醇提物在体外自由基模型中具有较强的抗自由基作用,可保护乙醇导致的QZG细胞氧化损伤,其作用机制可能和抗氧化作用相关.     

川芎提取物的多模型体系抗氧化活性测定

目的:研究川芎醇提物和水提物在几种自由基体外模型中的抗氧化作用位点与活性强度,以及此两种提取物在小鼠氧化损伤模型中的综合抗氧化作用.方法:建立DPPH体系,观察川芎醇提物和水提物对DPPH自由基的清除率;建立OH和O<,2><'->化学发光体系观察川芎的两种提取物对发光强度的抑制作用;采用CHP、Vc,Fe<'2+>和CCl<,4>/NADP<'+>作为激发剂,建立微粒体脂质过氧化(LPO)损伤模型,观察川芎两种提取物对MDA生成的抑制作用.建立小鼠氧化损伤模型,观察川芎两种提取物对SOD和CAT蛋白表达水平的影响,以及对MDA生成的抑制作用.结果:在DPPH体系中,川芎的醇和水两种提取物对DPPH的清除率均显著高于对照组(P<0.01),且呈明显剂量-效应关系,川芎醇提物和水提物对DPPH的IC<,50>,分别为3.47和6.19 mg/ml;在两种化学发光体系中,川芎的醇提物和水提物对O<,2><'->和OH的清除率均显著高于对照组(P<0.01),且呈明显剂量-效应关系,川芎醇提物对O<,2><'->和OH的IC<,50>分别为2.56和4.21 mg/ml,水提物对O<,2><'->和OH为2.34和2.80ml;3种LPO损伤模型中川芎两种提取物各浓度组的MDA含量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);在体内实验中,与对照组相比,川芎水提物和醇提物组均明显降低肝组织和血清内MDA的含量(P<0.05);川芎水提物和醇提物能明显提高肝组织内SOD蛋白表达水平;川芎醇提物可以提高肝组织内CAT蛋白表达水平.结论:川芎提取物在几种体外模型和体内模型中均具有较好的抗氧化作用.     

三七醇提物对大鼠肝组织体内外抗氧化作用的研究

目的:研究三七(panax notoginseng,PNG)醇提物对大鼠肝组织的体内外抗氧化作用.方法:采用羟自由基(·OH)和超氧阴离子自由基(O2-)两种化学发光体系,观察三七醇提物对化学发光强度的抑制作用;采用过氧基异丙苯(cumene hydroperoxide,CHP)、维生素C(VC)/硫酸亚铁(Fe2+)和四氯化碳(CCl)4/还原型辅酶Ⅱ(NADPH)作为激发剂,建立3种微粒体脂质过氧化(lipid peroxidation,LPO)损伤模型,观察三七醇提物对丙二醛(MDA)生成的抑制作用.用60Co γ射线辐照大鼠建立氧化损伤模型,观察三七醇提物对肝组织的氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)含量及活性的影响,以及对MDA生成的抑制作用.结果:在两种化学发光的体系中,三七醇提物对O2-和·OH的抑制率均显著高于阴性对照组(P<0.05),且呈明显剂量-效应关系,三七醇提物对O2-和·OH的IC50分别为1.25和0.625 mg/ml;3种LPO损伤模型中三七醇提物不同浓度组的MDA含量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);在体大鼠氧化损伤模型实验的肝组织中,三七醇提物不同剂量灌胃组[(50、225和450 mg/(kg·d)],其MDA的含量均较阳性对照组(仅做60Co γ照射)降低(P<0.05);225和450 mg/(kg·d)剂量组CAT活性较阳性对照组显著升高(P<0.05);其450mg/(kg·d)剂量组SOD的活性较阳性对照组显著升高(P<0.05);而225和450 mg/(kg·d)剂量组GSSG含量较阳性对照组显著降低(P<0.05).结论:三七醇提物对体外氧化损伤模型具有很强的抗氧化作用,对辐射引起的大鼠体内肝脏氧化损伤具有一定的抗氧化修复功效,并呈剂量-效应关系.     

外源性5'-核苷酸对大鼠急性乙醇中毒的影响

目的:探讨外源性5'-核苷酸对大鼠急性乙醇中毒的影响.方法:将24只雄性SD大鼠随机分成4组:生理盐水组、低剂量核苷酸组、中剂量核苷酸组和高剂量核苷酸组.乙醇染毒前30 min,各组分别用生理盐水、低剂量(0.2g/kg体重)、中剂量(0.8g/kg体重)、高剂量(3.2g/kg体重)核苷酸灌胃,乙醇染毒剂量为3g/kg体重,染毒后进行旷场实验、转棒实验,检测血清乙醇浓度、血清谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、总甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、白蛋白、总蛋白水平,超氧化物歧化酶活性和丙二醛含量,检测肝乙醇脱氢酶活性,评价核苷酸对急性乙醇中毒的影响.结果:外源性5'-核苷酸干预能够使大鼠血液乙醇浓度降低,高剂量核苷酸组与生理盐水组相比[(0.56±0.18g/L)vs.(1.11±0.44g/L),P＜0.05],差异具有统计学意义,低剂量核苷酸组(1.04±0.35g/L)和中剂量核苷酸组(0.93±0.14g/L)与生理盐水组相比也较低,但差异无统计学意义;各组肝乙醇脱氢酶活性差异无统计学意义,各组大鼠神经行为学表现、血清生化水平和抗氧化水平差异也无统计学意义.结论:外源性5'-核苷酸干预对大鼠急性乙醇中毒无明显影响.     

海藻色素糖蛋白对小鼠H22肝癌细胞增殖与凋亡的影响

目的:研究麒麟菜海藻色素糖蛋白(seaweed pigment glycoprotein,SPG)对小鼠H22肝癌细胞增殖与凋亡的影响.方法:将不同浓度SPG与小鼠H22肝癌细胞共同培养,用MTT法测定癌细胞增殖活性.建立H22移植瘤小鼠肝癌模型,随机分为SPG高、中、低剂量组,对照组及环磷酰胺组.实验组小鼠每天分别给予不同剂量(100、50、10 mg/kg)的SPG灌胃,连续10 d,对照组同法给予等量生理盐水,环磷酰胺组小鼠腹腔注射20 mg/kg环磷酰胺,隔日一次.各组小鼠均于末次给受试物后24 h处死,取肿瘤组织用免疫组化法检测各组Bcl-2和Bax蛋白表达.结果:SPG高剂量组瘤细胞增殖活性(0.545±0.002)明显高于对照组(0.404±0.008)(P<0.05);SPG高剂量组Bcl-2和Bax蛋白阳性表达率分别为16.78%和38.1%,对照组分别为65.16%和4.68%,两组间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:SPG具有抑制小鼠H22肝癌细胞增殖、促进其凋亡的作用.     

人参三七提取物抗疲劳作用的研究

[目的]研究人参三七提取物缓解体力疲劳的作用,为进一步开发利用人参三七提供试验依据.[方法]将小鼠分为4批,每批48只,随机分为4组,分别为对照组和50、100、300 mg/kg 3个给药组,各组小鼠经口灌胃给药30 d后,分别测定其负重游泳时间及血清尿素氮、血乳酸、肝糖原含量.[结果]100和300 mg/kg 剂量组人参三七提取物小鼠负重游泳时间显著长于对照组(P<0.01),血清中尿素氮含量显著低于对照组(P<0.01;P<0.05),小鼠肝糖原水平明显高于对照组(P<0.01;P<0.05);小鼠游泳后血乳酸含量显著低于对照组(P<0.01;P<0.05).[结论]人参三七提取物具有缓解体力疲劳的作用.     

促吸收剂癸酸钠对黄连素在大鼠肠道吸收的促进作用

目的:探讨黄连素(Ber)在大鼠肠道的吸收动力学,阐明癸酸钠(SC)对Ber在小肠段吸收的影响.方法:雄性Wistar大鼠建立在体肠段灌流模型,HPLC法测定不同浓度Ber(50、100和200 μmol·L-1)和Ber与质量浓度为0.2%SC合用在小肠的吸收情况;测定肠灌流液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性,观察SC对肠道黏膜细胞的损伤.结果:Ber浓度在50～200 μmol·L-1范围内Ber吸收呈浓度依赖性;吸收速率常数(Ka)组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);SC能显著提高Ber在小肠的吸收量(P<0.05);SC对Ber吸收速率常数Ka无显著影响(P>0.05);Ber组、SC+Ber组肠循环液中LDH的含量与空白对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:Ber在小肠吸收较差,吸收机制为被动扩散,吸收过程为一级动力学过程;SC能显著促进Ber在小肠的吸收,是一种安全、有效的促吸收剂.     

核桃楸树皮乙酸乙酯提取物对原位移植荷胃癌小鼠的抑瘤作用

目的:研究核桃楸树皮乙酸乙酯提取物(HYT)对原位移植荷胃癌小鼠的抑瘤作用及其对免疫功能的影响,阐明HYT抗胃癌作用机理,为研发低毒高效的抗胃癌中草药提供理论依据.方法:建立HYT灌胃的原位移植荷胃癌小鼠研究模型,分为HYF高剂量组(60 mg·kg-1)、HYF低剂量组(40 mg·kg-1)、假手术组、阳性对照组(5-FU)及阴性对照组,观察每组小鼠抑瘤率及胸腺、脾脏指数,采用ELISA法及流式细胞术等检测荷胃癌小鼠IL-4 、IL-12、TNF-α水平及T淋巴细胞亚群情况.结果:HYT高剂量组抑瘤率与阳性对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与阴性对照组比较,HYT高剂量组小鼠胸腺指数及脾脏指数明显增加(P<0.05),IL-12水平升高(P<0.05),IL-4水平降低(P<0.05),TNF-α水平升高(P<0.05),T淋巴细胞亚群CD4+/CD8+比值升高(P<0.05).结论:HYT可以增强机体免疫功能,具有明确的抑瘤作用,可以作为抗胃癌低毒高效的中草药.     

HSP65-MUC1肿瘤疫苗对小鼠胰腺组织的分子模拟作用

目的:探讨重组抗肿瘤融合蛋白疫苗热激蛋白65-黏蛋白1(HSP65-MUC1)在小鼠体内通过分子模拟方式损伤小鼠胰腺的可能性.方法:21只C57BL/6小鼠随机分为PBS对照组、HSP65组和HSP65-MUC1组(每组7只),分别皮下注射PBS、HSP65和HSP65-MUC1,每周1次,给药3周.无菌分离小鼠脾细胞,利用流式细胞术检测特异性淋巴细胞的增殖情况,组织病理学观察小鼠胰腺的病理改变.结果:流式细胞术检测,与PBS对照组和HSP65组比较,HSP65-MUC1肿瘤疫苗组HSP65-MUC1特异性淋巴细胞升高了16.88%(P<0.001);HSP65特异性淋巴细胞升高了7.29%(P<0.01);与HSP60交叉识别的特异性淋巴细胞升高了5.79%(P<0.05).3个免疫组小鼠胰腺组织HE染色病理均正常.结论:HSP65-MUC1肿瘤疫苗没有通过分子模拟诱导损伤小鼠胰腺.     

抑肽酶对实验性慢性肝损伤大鼠肝细胞增殖能力的影响

目的:探讨抑肽酶对实验性慢性肝损伤大鼠肝细胞增殖能力的影响,为抑肽酶对慢性肝损伤的保护作用研究提供理论依据.方法:Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组、四氯化碳(CCl4)模型组、抑肽酶小剂量组、抑肽酶中剂量组、抑肽酶大剂量组和促肝细胞生长素组,采用免疫组织化学方法检测各组增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)阳性细胞数和形态学表现.结果:正常对照组阳性细胞数为(4±2)个/视野,模型组阳性细胞数为(5±2)个/视野,抑肽酶小、中和大剂量组阳性细胞个数分别为(39±13)个/视野、(49±14)个/视野和(57±12)个/视野,促肝细胞生长素组中阳性细胞个数为(26±8)个/视野.抑肽酶各剂量组与模型组相比,阳性细胞数目均显著增加(P<0.05);随着抑肽酶剂量的增加,阳性细胞数目也增加.抑肽酶各剂量组阳性细胞数多于促肝细胞生长素组(P<0.05).抑肽酶各剂量组PCNA阳性细胞增殖活跃,以抑肽酶大剂量组表现明显.结论:抑肽酶能够促进慢性肝损伤大鼠肝细胞增殖,其作用随着剂量的增加而增强.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

Comparison of the results of surgical and conservative treatment of fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia

In this paper is treated the fundamental problematic of the fracture of the diaphysis of the tibia and the therapeutic results after the conservative and operative treatment are confronted. Among 518 patients with 433 open fractures and 35 with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia, successful treatment of more 2/3 was obtained in the period from 1968 to 1972. Following our casuistics and literature, whose results are similar, we find out that the average total treatment of the osteosynthesis of the fracture of the diaphysis was shortened for 2,5 months depending upon the type and the localisation of the fracture. Apolied methods of the operative and conservative and conservative treatment in relation to the velocity of the medical cure as well as to the extreme anatomical-functional results are analised. We noticed that osteosynthesis, made by the intermedullary nail and the extension of the canals or by a small AO table, by the achieved stability makes conditions of immediate motions and an early rehabilitation. Because of that it gives the best functional results.