预氧化／腈氯纶阻燃织物性能研究

预氧化纤维具有极佳的阻燃性能,腈氯纶纤维具有优良的服用性,二者可用于阻燃服装面料的开发。文章采用赛络纺将预氧化纤维与腈氯纶纤维以三种不同比例进行混纺,研究了混纺比对织物的阻燃性以及服用性能的影响。结果表明,预氧化含量越高,织物阻燃性越好,但其拉伸性能和耐磨性越差。结合两方面进行综合考虑,方可达到合理的织物设计要求。     

羊毛混纺耐高温阻燃织物的研究与开发

通过对国内阻燃纺织品应用前景的介绍,比较了羊毛混纺阻燃织物的加工方法,指出羊毛与阻燃纤维混纺织成的耐高温阻燃织物具有工艺简单,成本低,阻燃性能好,舒适性好,耐久性强的特点,详细介绍了羊毛与耐高温阻燃纤维,阻燃改性纤维的混纺产品及应用。     

棉织物泡沫阻燃整理工艺及性能研究

以水性聚丙烯酸酯发泡胶(PA)、阻燃剂FRC-1、增稠剂、蜡乳液为主要原料合成泡沫阻燃胶,使用该泡沫阻燃胶整理棉织物.结果表明:整理后的织物阻燃效果达GB B1级,同时具有一定的防水性、透气透湿性且手感柔软.     

SFR—205对毛织物阻燃整理工艺探讨

分析了羊毛纤维的燃烧特点及毛织物的阻燃机理，应用自制的毛阻燃剂ＳＦＲ－２０５，对羊毛织物的阻燃整理工艺进行了详细研究，研制出阻燃性能优良的阻燃毛织物。     

织物结构对安芙赛纺织品阻燃性能的影响

 为提高安芙赛阻燃纤维织物的阻燃性能,采用极限氧指数法研究机织物纱线线密度和捻度、织物组织、经密、织物面密度等参数对其织物阻燃性能的影响。结果表明：双层织物的阻燃性能优于单层织物,极限氧指数均大于31.0%;双层织物的密度、纱线线密度、捻度越大,极限氧指数越高。此外,对安芙赛非织造布阻燃性能的研究结果表明：安芙赛非织造布极限氧指数随面密度的增加而提高;当安芙赛纤维与阻燃涤纶混合制备非织造布时,安芙赛纤维的含量应高于60％;当安芙赛纤维与羊毛纤维混合制备阻燃非织造布时,安芙赛纤维的含量应高于25％。     

粘胶基炭化织物的制备及工艺优化

将普通粘胶纤维织物,选择合适的阻燃剂和浸渍工艺进行浸渍,在一定温度场中进行炭化处理,制得具有优良阻燃性能和一定力学性能的防火织物。考察了处理工艺中温度?时间?张力三个因素对防火织物的阻燃性能及力学性能的影响,找到最优化方案,使所得的粘胶防火织物综合性能最好?结果证明采用有机硅复合催化剂,当处理工艺为温度240 ℃、时间42 min、张力3.92 N时,制得的织物性能最佳 。     

尼龙-66涂层阻燃整理工艺研究

采用磷系阻燃剂对尼龙-66织物进行涂层阻燃整理。探讨各因素对阻燃性能的影响,得出尼龙-66织物阻燃整理的优化工艺为:涂刮工艺,P-N阻燃剂A用量25%(质量分数),焙烘165℃×2 min。经整理的织物甲醛含量0.51 mg/kg,水洗20次后阻燃性能达到美国航空防火标准。     

TiO2-SnO2复合溶胶在羊毛阻燃整理中的应用

针对羊毛阻燃整理的生态性要求,选择TiO2-SnO2 复合溶胶对羊毛织物进行阻燃整理,通过正交试验确定复合溶胶配方,采用极限氧指数、红外光谱分析、热重分析、扫描电镜观察等方法对整理前后羊毛的阻燃性能、元素组成变化、热裂解行为及表面形貌进行测试和分析。结果表明：当C2H5OH、H2O、SnO2、TiO2、HNO3、CH3COOH各组分的量比为3:1:0.2:0.1:0.1:0.1时,阻燃效果较好;复合溶胶在羊毛表面形成一层氧化物薄膜,这层难燃的薄膜能阻止热量传递和氧气的扩散,改变了羊毛的燃烧性能;有机硅柔软剂在改善织物手感的同时可提高复合溶胶阻燃整理的耐洗涤性。     

高导电性铜/聚吡咯涂层羊毛织物的制备与表征

为研究等离子体处理时间对铜/聚吡咯/羊毛复合织物的导电性能,拓展羊毛织物在柔性传感器领域的应用,利用等离子体气相沉积技术对羊毛进行去鳞片化处理,依次对羊毛织物预处理300、600、900、1200 s,然后在羊毛织物表面原位聚合构建聚吡咯膜层,并用磁控溅射沉积铜薄膜增强纤维表面的导电网络;借助扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶红外...     

Modification of wool fibers by atmospheric pressure plasma treatment

Shrink‐proofing processing of wool fabrics by vacuum plasma treatment has been studied for many years. However, as a wool shrink‐proofing processing method, discharge treatment under atmospheric pressure, such as corona and low‐temperature electric plasma treatment, has been studied recently. In this study, an attempt was made to improve shrink‐proofing and other properties of a wool fabric by low‐temperature plasma treatment. The wool fabric was treated by pulsed atmospheric pressure plasma using a dielectric barrier discharge apparatus of the Institute of Textile Technology at Denkendorf by varying the power and flow rate of air. Shrink‐proofing, dyeing yield and water‐absorbing properties increased to a greater degree with the increase in the treatment time. However, the effect was saturated at 3 min. On the other hand, hysteresis of shearing property at large shear angle (2HG5), which is one of the mechanical parameters for measuring fabric hand by the Kawabata evaluation system (KES), becomes larger with the treatment time. It can be concluded that shear hysteresis value is related to the improvement in shrink‐proofing and other properties of the wool fabric.     

Effect of microwave curing on antimicrobial activity of chitosan biguanidine hydrochloride treated wool fabrics

An alternative microwave curing system was used for curing chitosan biguanidine hydrochloride treated wool fabric to study its effects on the antimicrobial activity of the fabric. The effects of microwave curing at different irradiation power and treatment time on the physical properties of wool fabrics and the adsorption rate of chitosan biguanidine hydrochloride on wool fabrics has been examined. Comparisons were made between conventionally cured wool fabric and microwave‐cured wool fabric treated with chitosan biguanidine hydrochloride. The influence of microwave curing on the efficiency of crosslinking was studied by using scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Microwave‐cured samples showed a higher degree of crosslinking than conventionally cured samples without high losses in strength properties. Antimicrobial properties and the durability of the finish after repeated laundering results also supported the higher degree of crosslinking that occurred in microwave curing.     

氟钛酸钾—羊毛纤维—酸性染料相互作用初探

通过K_2[TiF_6]和酸性染料同浴时相互影响的研究.探讨了阻燃染色一浴的可行性.实验发现:阻燃剂和染料之间互有影响.阻燃剂-染料-羊毛纤维三者之间的作用方式也较复杂.当阻燃剂用量和工艺条件适宜时,阻燃剂表现为促染作用;染料用量对阻燃效果稍有影响,染料同配离子之间的置换机理不同于同SO_4~(2-)离子之间的置换机理.     

基于高分子水凝胶的阻燃织物研究与应用进展

针对纺织品的易燃问题,基于高分子水凝胶三维网络体系的高吸水性,提出了将高分子水凝胶作为新型阻燃材料应用于纺织品领域的思路。阐述了水凝胶作为新型阻燃材料在灭火过程中吸热冷却、稀释气体和隔绝氧气的阻燃机制;结合相关文献探讨了水凝胶与纺织品相结合制备复合阻燃织物的新型整理技术,证明了基于水凝胶的阻燃复合织物可具备优异的阻燃与隔热性能。最后分析了水凝胶作为阻燃材料在纺织品热防护领域存在的挑战及机遇,认为提高水凝胶与织物的结合牢度、开发自愈合-阻燃水凝胶材料和多功能性阻燃水凝胶织物等是未来的研究方向。     

The potential use of alkaline protease from Streptomyces albidoflavus as an eco-friendly wool modifier

The main task of this study is to search for the proper conditions of the enzymatic treatment using an alkaline bacterial protease, as an eco-friendly option, to improve some performance properties and dyeability of grey wool fabric with acid dyes. The efficiency of the enzymatic treatment has been improved by prewashing in the presence of a nonionic wetting agent alone and in combination with H₂O₂. The enhancement in wool performance properties as well as in the extent of post-acid dyeing is determined by pretreatment regime, enzyme dosage, as well as enzymatic treatment conditions. For modified wool fabric samples, as the weight loss increases, the nitrogen content decreases, the whiteness index as well as the dyeability with the acid dye improves compared with the prewashed fabric samples. Proper conditions for maximising the efficiency of enzymatic treatment along with attaining better performance properties and minimal wool damage are: prewashing in the presence of a nonionic surfactant along with H₂O₂ followed by enzymatic treatment using the enzyme dosage (3?ml/g fabric), pH (9), incubation time (45?min), temperature (40?°C), LR (1/20) and rotational speed (40?rpm). The enzyme inactivation was performed at 100?°C for 5?min, followed by thoroughly rinsing, neutralising and air-drying before testing. SEM images also provide evidence that pretreatment of the wool substrate enhanced the proteolysis of cuticle layers, their degradation and potential removal by the subsequent protease treatment.     

聚酰胺6织物的磺胺阻燃抗熔滴整理

为进一步扩展聚酰胺6织物的应用领域,采用磺胺作为阻燃整理剂,在高温条件下,通过浸渍沉积法对聚酰胺6织物进行阻燃防熔滴整理。并对整理后聚酰胺6织物的热稳定性、热释放性能、抗熔滴性能、阻燃性能和阻燃机制进行分析。结果表明:经磺胺阻燃整理后,聚酰胺6织物的极限氧指数达到32.2%,损毁长度和损毁面积均减小,无熔滴产生,达到阻燃B₁级的要求,具有较好的阻燃效果;同时整理后聚酰胺6织物的最大热释放速率下降了16.9%,火灾危害性显著降低;磺胺主要通过气相阻燃机制提高聚酰胺6织物的阻燃性能,且阻燃整理对聚酰胺6织物的强力和手感影响较小。     

芳砜纶针织物的服用性能研究

对芳砜纶针织物的主要服用性能指标进行了测试,对实验数据的分析证明,芳砜纶针织物的顶破强力和棉、毛、腈等常用织物相当,悬垂系数较小,织物较柔软,并具有较好的透气透湿性能和保暖性能,是舒适性较好的阻燃服用面料。但芳砜纶织物耐起毛起球性能差,不耐磨,抗静电性能差,因此芳砜纶服装不适宜在石化和煤矿等抗静电性要求高的场合使用。     

磷-氮协效阻燃水性聚氨酯的应用性能

以N,N-双(2-羟甲基)氨乙基膦酸二甲酯与甲苯二异氰酸酯反应,合成了本质阻燃的磷-氮协效阻燃水性聚氨酯(PU);将其应用于涤丝纺织物,考察了织物阻燃性、静水压、色变和撕破强力等性能的变化;并用扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱仪(EDS)对PU整理的涤丝纺织物燃烧后的炭层进行分析.试验结果表明,与未整理织物相比,用阻燃剂含量为15%的PU整理,涤丝纺织物的LOI值提高了5.1%,垂直燃烧性能达到GB/T 5455-1997 B1级;涤丝纺织物燃烧后表面形成致密、光滑、无孔洞的炭层,炭层中磷含量超过阻燃织物中原始含量,磷富集于炭层表面,覆盖在织物表面,具有良好的阻燃能力;织物耐静水压随着阻燃剂含量的增加而急剧增大;经PU整理的织物色变小,总色差值均小于1.8,织物呈原色.     

芳纶/阻燃粘胶/阻燃锦纶混纺织物制备及其性能

为获得长效阻燃、高强、耐磨且服用性能好的织物,将芳纶1414、阻燃粘胶与阻燃锦纶3种本质阻燃纤维混纺织造,探讨了混纺比、纱线捻度、织物组织结构和黏合剂种类对纱线及其织物力学性能、阻燃性能和色牢度的影响。结果表明：芳纶1414/阻燃粘胶/阻燃锦纶(30/45/25)混纺纱线同时具备优异的力学性能和阻燃性能,阻燃锦纶的加入使三元混纺纱线断裂强度相比芳纶/阻燃粘胶二元混纺纱线提升56%,耐磨次数提升58%,其纱线的力学性能随着捻度增加先增强后降低,峰值捻度为680捻/m;织物采用斜纹组织结构时,其阻燃性能和力学性能优于平纹和缎纹组织;采用非离子型丙烯酸酯共聚物G-BD作为印花浆料黏合剂,可使得到的高强耐磨阻燃织物水洗20次后变色牢度级数仍保持在2级以上。     

芳纶1313混纺织物耐热性能的测试研究

芳纶混纺织物的混纺比对其耐热性能有较大的影响.通过对不同比例的芳纶1313/棉混纺织物、芳纶1313/羊毛混纺织物耐热性能的测试,研究了混纺比与织物耐热性能之间的关系,为根据耐热、阻燃的要求设计不同混纺比织物提供参考依据.     

羊毛织物的蛋白酶预处理阻燃整理

羊毛织物用Savinase蛋白酶预处理,再进行Pyrovatex CP阻燃整理,探讨了蛋白酶预处理和阻燃整理的主要工艺参数对阻燃效果的影响。优化的预处理工艺为Savinase蛋白酶2%(owf),pH值8,浴比1:25,50℃处理60min;优化的阻燃整理工艺为Pyrovatex CP阻燃剂250g/L,交联剂50g/L,磷酸7.5g/L,JFC0.5g/L,pH值7,带液率95%,90℃预烘3min,130℃焙烘3min。结果表明,蛋白酶预处理阻燃整理羊毛织物的阻燃性能比单阻燃整理的有显著提高,且整理织物的强力损伤和白度变化不大。