Series resonant converter with auxiliary winding turns: analysis,design and implementation

Conventional series resonant converters have researched and applied for high-efficiency power units due to the benefit of its low switching losses. The main problems of series resonant converters are wide frequency variation and high circulating current. Thus, resonant converter is limited at narrow input voltage range and large input capacitor is normally adopted in commercial power units to provide the minimum hold-up time requirement when AC power is off. To overcome these problems, the resonant converter with auxiliary secondary windings are presented in this paper to achieve high voltage gain at low input voltage case such as hold-up time duration when utility power is off. Since the high voltage gain is used at low input voltage cased, the frequency variation of the proposed converter compared to the conventional resonant converter is reduced. Compared to conventional resonant converter, the hold-up time in the proposed converter is more than 40ms. The larger magnetising inductance of transformer is used to reduce the circulating current losses. Finally, a laboratory prototype is constructed and experiments are provided to verify the converter performance.     

Interleaved soft switching resonant converter with a small input ripple current

ABSTRACT

An interleaved frequency control soft switching converter is studied for solar power or fuel cell power applications. The proposed circuit topology contains two parallel current-fed circuit cells with interleaved pulse-width modulation operation. Thus, the ripple currents at input and output terminals are decreased. In each circuit cell, the proposed current-fed dc-dc converter includes boost circuit and resonant circuit to achieve current ripple-free on low voltage side and less switching losses on active devices. The boost circuit and the resonant circuit have same active devices to decrease power switches. Due to the resonant behaviour, the reverse recovery current loss on secondary diodes is removed. The voltage doubler circuit topology is accomplished on secondary-side to reduce diode counts and conduction loss. The performance and effectiveness of the developed interleaved PWM current-fed converter are verified and confirmed by experiments.     

A LLC resonant converter with dual resonant frequency for high light load efficiency

This paper presents a new approach to achieve high light-load efficiency for inductor-inductor-capacitor (LLC) resonant converters. Compared with the conventional LLC resonant converters, an additional active resonant network is employed to give the proposed converter another resonant frequency and another steady state. Thereby, the proposed converter has advantages of narrow switching frequency range and high light-load efficiency. The operation principle and the resonant network switching strategy of the proposed converter are analysed, as well as the design considerations. A 1.2-kW prototype with silicon carbide (SiC) MOSFETs is built to verify the proposed converter. The peak efficiency is tested as 94.4% at 680 kHz. Especially, the light-load efficiency is improved from 89% to 91%.     

基于LLC谐振变换器和准谐振PWM恒流控制的LED驱动电源设计

使用谐振/准谐振拓扑结构设计LED驱动电源,前级DC/DC变换电路采用磁集成的半桥LLC谐振变换器,后级恒流采用准谐振PWM控制的BOOST电路.充分利用谐振BOOST拓扑和LLC谐振变换器的高效率特性,提高电源效率和功率密度.介绍了电路基本结构和工作原理,讨论了两级电路的设计方法.在此基础上制作了样机,实验结果表明所给出的设计方案可行并且合理.     

Thermal-aware design and fault analysis of a DC/DC parallel resonant converter

In this paper a 3-D electrothermal (ET) analysis of a DC–DC parallel resonant converter (PRC) for constant current (CC) application is presented. A full 3-D ET simulation approach is proposed at application level to provide a support for the design stage and to analyse possible fault conditions inside the active devices. Simulations and measurements have been performed on a 100 W–2 A prototype of a PRC-CC circuit with 80 kHz nominal switching frequency.In particular, in the reported case study, the analysis has been focused on the full-bridge section of the circuit in order to prove the effect of the soft switching operation, introduced by the resonant technique, and consider the effect of possible fault conditions. To this purpose an unexpected short-circuit condition on a power MOSFET composing the H-bridge is considered, to evaluate the ET circuit behaviour and the time-to-failure of the power section. Considerations are carried out in terms of minimum requirements of protection circuits which must be fulfilled in order to avoid catastrophic system failure.A second power converter, rated for 1.5 kW, has been then designed, based on the same circuital topology, and an ET simulation has been performed in order to carry out considerations on the effect of mismatches among the input bridge devices.     

一种基于GaN器件大功率双向DC/DC变换器

本文介绍了一种新的高功率双向隔离式DC/DC变换器。DC/DC转换器使用基于氮化镓(GaN)的功率开关器件。本文对10 kW GaN大功率DC/DC变换器的拓扑结构进行了优化,参数化和分析,并通过仿真和验证了其有效性。它由两个单相全桥电路、两个输入输出电感和一个高频变压器组成。高频变压器在实现两个全桥变换器之间的电流隔离方面起着至关重要的作用。使用MATLAB仿真软件对10 kW的变换器进行了建模。MATLAB仿真结果验证了变换器的性能适合于高功率应用并能实现轻负载条件下的零电压开通(ZVS)和零电流关断(ZCS)。然后,设计了一个7 kW的实验原型,以验证所设计拓扑的有效性。     

New zero voltage switching DC converter with flying capacitors

A new soft switching converter is presented for medium power applications. Two full-bridge converters are connected in series at high voltage side in order to limit the voltage stress of power switches at V_in/2. Therefore, power metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) with 600 V voltage rating can be adopted for 1200 V input voltage applications. In order to balance two input split capacitor voltages in every switching cycle, two flying capacitors are connected on the AC side of two full-bridge converters. Phase-shift pulse-width modulation (PS-PWM) is adopted to regulate the output voltage. Based on the resonant behaviour by the output capacitance of MOSFETs and the resonant inductance, active MOSFETs can be turned on under zero voltage switching (ZVS) during the transition interval. Thus, the switching losses of power MOSFETs are reduced. Two full-bridge converters are used in the proposed circuit to share load current and reduce the current stress of passive and active components. The circuit analysis and design example of the prototype circuit are provided in detail and the performance of the proposed converter is verified by the experiments.     

智能型多通道DC-DC变换器设计

采用多种智能型电压转换芯片,根据每个芯片的不同特征参数,搭建不同性能需求的电压转换电路;该设计由光电耦合器、三极管、PMOS管搭建切换电路,实现适配器供电与电池组供电的自动、快速切换;利用FPGA输出的高低电平控制由三极管和PMOS管搭建的开关电路,实现对部分供电通道的智能通断控制。该变换器已应用于微波探测仪的供电系统中,经测试表明该变换器具有效率高、纹波电压低、良好的稳态和动态响应的优点。     

An isolated bridgeless AC-DC PFC converter using a LC resonant voltage doubler rectifier

This paper proposed an isolated bridgeless AC–DC power factor correction (PFC) converter using a LC resonant voltage doubler rectifier. The proposed converter is based on isolated conventional single-ended primary inductance converter (SEPIC) PFC converter. The conduction loss of rectification is reduced than a conventional one because the proposed converter is designed to eliminate a full-bridge rectifier at an input stage. Moreover, for zero-current switching (ZCS) operation and low voltage stresses of output diodes, the secondary of the proposed converter is designed as voltage doubler with a LC resonant tank. Additionally, an input–output electrical isolation is provided for safety standard. In conclusion, high power factor is achieved and efficiency is improved. The operational principles, steady-state analysis and design equations of the proposed converter are described in detail. Experimental results from a 60 W prototype at a constant switching frequency 100 kHz are presented to verify the performance of the proposed converter.     

Soft switching resonant converter with duty-cycle control in DC micro-grid system

Resonant converter has been widely used for the benefits of low switching losses and high circuit efficiency. However, the wide frequency variation is the main drawback of resonant converter. This paper studies a new modular resonant converter with duty-cycle control to overcome this problem and realise the advantages of low switching losses, no reverse recovery current loss, balance input split voltages and constant frequency operation for medium voltage direct currentgrid or system network. Series full-bridge (FB) converters are used in the studied circuit in order to reduce the voltage stresses and power rating on power semiconductors. Flying capacitor is used between two FB converters to balance input split voltages. Two circuit modules are paralleled on the secondary side to lessen the current rating of rectifier diodes and the size of magnetic components. The resonant tank is operated at inductive load circuit to help power switches to be turned on at zero voltage with wide load range. The pulse-width modulation scheme is used to regulate output voltage. Experimental verifications are provided to show the performance of the proposed circuit.     

双向功率流电压型准Z源DC-DC变换器研究

为克服传统双向DC-DC变换器的不足,对一种新型的双向功率流电压型准Z源DC-DC变换器进行研究。该变换器是基于准Z源变换器的思想,其中双向功率开关由两个面对面连接的IGBT模块构成,通过PWM波形控制双向功率开关导通占空比,实现在单一拓扑结构下双向功率流传输的目的。该拓扑结构的优点是可以实现双向的升/降压输出,并且具有较宽的调压范围。首先应用saber软件对电路进行了仿真验证,然后进行实验验证,其结果证实了该电路拓扑的合理性和优越性。     

零电流开关大功率DC/DC双全桥变换器设计

提出了一种基于双全桥结构的单向零电流开关大功率（兆瓦级）DC/DC变换器,该变换器通过采用两个全桥变换器来实现零电流开关,实现了较低的功率损耗和输出滤波电感。为了验证提出的变换器在大功率应用中的有效性,构建了小型样机并在大功率直流电网进行了实际测试。实验证明,相比传统的两种单向大功率全桥变换器,提出变换器所需的滤波电感和半导体器件的功率损耗均较少,分别仅为1.72mH和924.5kW。     

双向Buck/Boost变换器的教学探析

本文针对现有“电力电子技术”相关教材中存在的对双向变换器的分析不完善和各知识点之间缺乏联系等问题,探析了双向Buck/Boost变换器的拓扑生成原理,并且详细分析了变换器运行于电感电流过零模式下实现零电压开关的具体过程,并推导出了软开关的实现条件。本文有助于学生理解并加深双向变换器与基本Buck和Boost变换器之间的联系和差别,并了解软开关技术在基本变换器中的应用,具有一定的教学指导意义。     

Configuring a boundary scan chain for optimal testing of non-scan logic clusters

Testing of boards containing a mixture of boundary scan components and clusters of non-boundary scan logic is an interesting problem. If a tester cannot contact the non-scan logic clusters, the inputs and outputs of on board boundary scan devices may be used as virtual access points to test the clusters. In that case, the time required for testing the clusters depends on how the boundary scan chips are connected into a longer scan chain. This paper presents a technique for configuring a chain of boundary scan chips to minimize the test time for nonscan logic clusters.     

电流不连续状态下LLC谐振型DC/DC变换器的分析与最佳设计

分析了LLC谐振型DC/DC变换器整流二极管电流工作在不连续状态的最大谐振电流、电容最大电压、输入输出电压增益与开关频率、谐振电感比和负载之间的关系特性,根据推导出的表达式,应用MATLAB软件绘制了相应的曲线,由此得出了LLC谐振变换器的参数最佳设计的方法。最后根据此方法设计了实验参数,给出了实验结果。     

A single-inductor dual-output switching converter with average current mode control

are about 40 mV at an oscillator frequency of 600 kHz.     

一种平均电流模式控制的单电感双输出型开关电源转换器

An integrated single-inductor dual-output （SIDO） switching DC-DC converter is presented. The outputs are specified with 1.2 V/400 mA and 1.8 V/200 mA. A decoupling small signal model is proposed to analyze the multi-loop system and to design the on-chip compensators. An average current control mode is introduced with lossless, continuous current detection. The converter has been fabricated in a 0.25μm 2P4M CMOS process. The power efficiency is 86% at a total output power of 840 mW while the output ripples are about 40 mV at an oscillator frequency of 600 kHz.     

Zero-voltage DC/DC converter with asymmetric pulse-width modulation for DC micro-grid system

This paper presents a zero-voltage switching DC/DC converter for DC micro-grid system applications. The proposed circuit includes three half-bridge circuit cells connected in primary-series and secondary-parallel in order to lessen the voltage rating of power switches and current rating of rectifier diodes. Thus, low voltage stress of power MOSFETs can be adopted for high-voltage input applications with high switching frequency operation. In order to achieve low switching losses and high circuit efficiency, asymmetric pulse-width modulation is used to turn on power switches at zero voltage. Flying capacitors are used between each circuit cell to automatically balance input split voltages. Therefore, the voltage stress of each power switch is limited at V_in/3. Finally, a prototype is constructed and experiments are provided to demonstrate the circuit performance.     

基于滑模控制的双向直流变换器研究

针对光伏电池本身的局限性,需要利用蓄电池来辅助对负载供电。文中所设计的双向直流变换器主要用于对蓄电池的充放电,以双向直流变换器的状态空间平均模型为基础,设计了一种新型的滑模控制器。通过实验仿真验证了基于该滑模控制器的双向直流变换器在开关管交替导通状态下能有效地减小稳态误差,且输出较稳定,能使系统具有更高的稳定性和更好的瞬时性。     

电流模式控制DC/DC转换器中的电流检测电路设计

应用于手机等通信电子产品电源系统的电流模式控制DC/DC转换器芯片,要求具有高性能电流检测电路.设计了一个高精度的电流检测电路,基于华润上华CSMC 0.5μmBiCMOS工艺库,利用Cadence Spectre软件进行电路仿真,经仿真得知所设计的电路电流取样精度达到1 000:1,具有很高的采样精度.该电流检测电路...