应用混色纱纹理信息的纬编针织物模拟

为研究数码混色纱纬编针织物的外观色彩及纹影的模拟方法,利用图像处理技术对采集的图像进行平滑去噪,得到剔除细节的模糊图像,在Lab 空间下运用彩色图像硬聚类算法对平滑后的图像进行聚类分割,得到混色纱主体图像,获取其左右的边界和中心线信息;然后在经典的Pierce 线圈模型的基础上,利用混色纱主体图像的廓线信息完成由纱线到线圈圈弧和圈柱的映射;最终根据不同组织的圈弧和圈柱的覆盖关系,得到基本纬编针织物组织。结果表明,提出的纱线映射线圈算法,通过织物组织结构及密度可模拟混色纱纬编织物的混色色彩及外观纹影。     

水溶性维纶在纬编针织产品上的应用

介绍了两款利用水溶性纤维的特性和纬平针的卷边性能开发的特色纬编花式面料,包括1种大网眼针织物和1种纬编针织荷叶花边布。阐述了各款面料的外观效果、编织工艺及其成形原理。详细介绍了编织工艺中设备参数、纱线配置方法、织针排列、三角排列以及面料规格参数。     

3D打印纬平针面料的制备

为研究3D打印服装面料中纬平针组织的结构,预测打印效果,促进针织面料数字化和智能化生产,将3D打印技术应用到针织面料设计和生产中。采用3ds Max软件,根据NURBS曲线建模的方法,结合Peirce线圈模型对纬平针组织进行三维模拟,通过模拟实现了3D打印纬平针面料的可视化,可预测打印效果。采用Repetier-Host软件,对模拟的3D打印纬平针组织模型切片,采用熔融层积成型技术,通过设置打印参数对模型切片数据进行打印,得到3D打印纬平针组织针织面料。结果表明：该打印面料的效果与模拟效果高度吻合,线圈之间嵌套关系明显,打印面料光滑平整,打印精度高,属于环境友好型面料。     

机织针织复合织物与多层双轴向纬编织物拉伸性能对比

选用玻璃纤维作经纱、纬纱和高强涤纶作针织纱分别编织机织针织复合(CWK)织物和多层双轴向纬编(MBWK)织物,测试两种织物的横向、纵向的拉伸性能,分析比较拉伸负荷和位移特征曲线。研究表明：在拉伸过程中,CWK织物MBWK织物均先由其中的经纱或纬纱,在较低的伸长下,承担较高的负荷,直至经纱或纬纱断裂,然后由针织结构,在较高的伸长下,承担较低的负荷,直至针织结构破坏;经纱和纬纱以交织形式衬入针织结构中,使得CWK织物的轴向的拉伸强度稍低于MBWK织物,但起到一定的“预牵伸”作用,可使针织纱对经纱和纬纱捆绑效果更好。     

机织针织复合织物的拉伸性能

根据新型机织针织复合织物的结构特点,选用玻璃纤维作经纱、纬纱和高强涤纶作针织纱编织了这种织物.为提供这种新型织物的应用依据,测试织物的横向、纵向拉伸性能,分析比较拉伸负荷和位移特征曲线.研究表明:机织针织复合织物在拉伸过程中,先由其中的机织结构在较低的伸长下承担较高的负荷,直至机织结构破坏,然后由针织结构在较高的伸长下...     

Modeling the effect of elastane linear density,fabric thread density,and weave float on the stretch,recovery, and compression properties of bi-stretch woven fabrics for compression garments

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of elastane linear density, thread density, and weave float on the stretch, recovery, and compression properties of bi-stretch woven fabrics for compression garments. Fabric samples were produced using elastane core-spun cotton yarns both in the warp and weft. The elastane linear density, fabric thread density, and weave float size were used as input variables while fabric contraction, subgarment pressure, fabric stretch, and recovery were taken as response variables. Two different elastane linear densities, i.e. 44 and 78 dtex, two different thread densities, and three different weave designs, i.e. 1/1 plain, 2/2 z-twill, and 3/3 z-twill were used. The results of fabric samples were analyzed in Minitab statistical software. The coefficients of determinations (R-sq values) of the regression equations showed good prediction ability of the developed statistical models. The findings of the study may be helpful in deciding appropriate manufacturing specifications of bi-stretch fabrics to attain specific stretch, recovery, and compression properties.     

Prototyping and analyzing physical properties of Weft knitted spacer fabrics as a substitute for wound dressings

In this research, the required physical properties of weft knitted spacer fabrics, as an alternative for wound dressings have been investigated. For this purpose, weft knitted spacer fabrics with five different fabric structures have been produced on the electronic flat knitting machine. Moreover, in order to compare the properties of the produced fabrics with available wound dressings in the market, two kinds of wound dressing have been prepared from the market. Then, the physical properties of the spacer fabrics and the wound dressings such as air permeability, water vapor permeability, thermal conductivity, compressibility and absorbency have been measured and compared. The results show that in weft knitted spacer fabrics with the same fabric structure of the outer layer and different inclination angle (the angle formed between the outer layer and the spacer yarn), by decreasing the inclination angle, the fabric air permeability, water vapor permeability and absorbency decrease and the thermal conductivity and compressibility increase. Moreover, the use of tuck stitches in the outer layer of the spacer fabric leads to an increase of air permeability, water vapor permeability, absorbency and thermal conductivity and decrease of compressibility. The wound dressings also exhibit less air permeability and compressibility than weft knitted spacer fabrics. On the other hand, they possess higher water vapor permeability and absorbency. According to the results, among the examined weft knitted spacer fabrics in this research, the fabric with the tuck stitches in the outer layer is specified as the most appropriate alternative for wound dressing, in case of wounds with low exudates.     

基于ABAQUS的筒状纬编针织物拉伸力学性能模拟

为更好地了解筒状纬编针织物抵抗拉伸变形的能力,基于对织物试样尺寸测量得到的几何结构参数,借助Rhino 3D建模软件建立了纬编针织物线圈模型和筒状纬编针织物模型;同时利用有限元分析软件ABAQUS在单位线圈和筒状织物2个方面研究了筒状纬编针织物的纵向拉伸性能;对织物拉伸过程进行有限元模拟和实验验证,并对针织物拉伸过程中...     

仿针织牛仔面料的开发及性能评价

为获得兼具针织和机织牛仔面料优点的新型牛仔面料,从纱线的选择、织造、后整理等方面探讨了仿针织牛仔面料的开发。对比测试了仿针织牛仔面料、针织牛仔面料、纯棉机织牛仔面料等5 种面料的拉伸断裂强力、撕破强力、色牢度等指标,并利用川端织物风格评价系统对牛仔面料的拉伸、剪切、弯曲、压缩、表面摩擦5 项指标进 行织物风格综合分析。结果表明,采用精梳纯棉纱作为经纱,涤纶长丝氨纶包芯纱作为纬纱,选择复合右斜纹组织,经特殊后整理工艺后生产的仿针织牛仔面料经向拉伸断裂强力高达685 N,撕破强力达59 N,粗犷挺括,柔软舒适,弹性和保型性俱佳,克服了针织牛仔面料和机织牛仔面料的风格缺陷。     

Development of woven stretch fabrics and analysis on handle,stretch, and pressure comfort

Twelve stretchable fabrics are woven in two sets with one set in 50^s and 60^s 100% cotton in warp and 40^s, 50^s, and 60^s cotton core spun lycra yarn in weft and another set with 2/75 and 2/120?Nm silk in warp with 40^s, 50^s, and 60^s cotton core spun lycra yarn in weft. Hundred percent cotton sari blouse materials commercially available in the market are also included for a comparative study of pressure distribution between cotton core spun lycra fabrics and cotton blouse materials. The influence of fabric specification on total hand value (THV), stretch properties, and pressure comfort is analyzed. The effects of body shape and fabric mechanical properties on garment pressure are also analyzed. The results indicated that the finer counts of cotton core spun lycra woven with cotton and silk to elasticize fabrics provided improved hand feel, stretch, and pressure comfort values. The average pressure value of the samples at the major pressure points with the cotton/cotton core spun lycra samples and silk/cotton core spun lycra samples is lower than 100% cotton samples’ fabric physical properties, stretch properties, mechanical properties, and THV significantly influenced the pressure distribution and comfort of garments.     

纬编针织物导热性能的有限元仿真

为了提出一种用于优化、评估、预测针织物导热性能的方法,文章探索了纬编针织物热量传递的有限元仿真模拟,尤其是夏季汗衫面料,因为其导热性能与人体舒适性密切相关。首先使用织物厚度仪和超景深显微镜获取织物结构参数,通过插入三次B样条曲线建立纬平针织物的三维几何模型。然后将单元线圈模型导入有限元分析软件STAR-CCM+中,通过网格划分、边界设置、迭代计算步骤进行数值计算,并和实验值进行了比较分析,误差在4%以内。表明此方法具有一定的实用性,可用于预测纬编针织物的导热性能。     

基于线圈面积的罗纹织物半球成形研究

为研究纬编轴向织物的成形性能,分别采用芳纶、涤纶和超高分子量聚乙烯纱线在手摇横机上编织1+1罗纹织物,并铺覆在不同直径的半球上,测量织物试样在不同直径半球的不同高度上局部线圈面积的变化情况,探讨纱线自身力学性能、织物成形高度及球体直径对织物局部线圈面积变化的影响。结果表明,纱线的弯曲性能越好,在相同直径的球体上,织物局部线圈的相对面积变化越小;成形球体直径越大,织物局部线圈的相对面积变化越小;同一织物在同一半球体上,织物局部线圈的面积变化不均匀,与成形高度相关。该研究有助于纬编轴向织物三维成形的理论研究。     

Physical properties of ring,compact, and air vortex yarns made of PTT/wool/modal and wearing comfort of their knitted fabrics for high emotional garments

This study examined the physical properties of PTT/wool/modal yarns according to the yarn structure and the wearing comfort of their knitted fabrics for high emotional garments. For this purpose, the air-vortex, compact, and ring yarns and their knitted fabrics were prepared to analyze the wear comfort according to the yarn structure and the possibility of applications of the PTT/wool/modal blend fibers to air-vortex yarn. The wicking and drying rates of the air-vortex yarn knitted fabrics were superior to those of the ring and compact yarns fabrics, and the heat-keeping capability of the air-vortex yarn knitted fabric was higher than those of the ring and compact yarns fabrics due to the low thermal conductivity and maximum heat flow rate. In addition, the pilling of the air-vortex yarn knitted fabric was less than those of the ring and compact ones due to the air-vortex yarn structure with parallel fibers in the core part and the periodical and fasciated twists on the sheath part of the yarns. The tactile hand of the air-vortex yarn knitted fabric was harsher than those of the ring and compact yarns knitted fabrics because of the low extensibility and compressibility, and the high bending and shear rigidities.     

纤维组分与针织组织对针织物悬垂性的影响

悬垂性对针织物的外观及内在性能都有重要影响,而不同纤维组分纱线和不同组织的针织物悬垂性能也有很大区别。选用相同支数的纯羊毛纱、纯腈纶纱、羊毛/腈纶70/30纱3种典型的针织纱和纬平针组织、1+1罗纹组织、2+2罗纹组织3种常规的针织组织,利用正交试验法分析纤维组分与针织组织对针织物悬垂性能的影响。研究结果表明:混纺比例不同的纱线品种对针织物的悬垂性有一定影响,针织组织对针织物悬垂性的影响特别显著,因此在设计针织服装时应该有针对性地选用不同组分的针织纱和针织组织,以实现理想效果。     

17—A GEOMETRICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE THICKNESS AND BULK DENSITY OF WEFT-KNITTED FABRICS

A general geometrical model, based on the assumption of a constant unit-cell configuration for a particular knitted construction and derived by the present author in a previous publication is applied to plain, interlock, and various rib-knitted constructions to enable simple relations to be derived for the effective diameter and specific volume of the yarn as it exists within the fabric, the fabric thickness, and the bulk density of the structure. The relations between these parameters and the fabric tightness factor are evaluated quantitatively for fabrics knitted from wool yarns. The knitted-fabric parameters evaluated in this paper are difficult to measure experimentally. The geometrical approach used gives an assessment that is independent of the problems encountered during experimental measurements of such parameters as fabric thickness and yarn diameter.     

纬编仿蕾丝织物的设计与仿真

为实现纬编仿蕾丝面料的快速设计,提出了花型意匠模型、编织意匠模型,并构建了二者之间的变换关系。在深入研究该织物各部分结构特征的基础上,建立了织物理想状态下线圈结构的基本模型,确定了线圈中各控制点的位置,并对线圈结构变形进行分析,得出了该类型织物线圈变形规律。利用VC++.net进行程序设计,实现了对纬编仿蕾丝面料的仿真。织物仿真在结合意匠信息的基础上还考虑到纱线原料的粗细、颜色等因素,具有较好的仿真效果。     

Total porosity,theoretical analysis,and prediction of the air permeability of woven fabrics

Air permeability is one of the most important properties of textile materials that ensure their comfort. For many materials for technical applications (filters, sails, vacuum cleaners, parachutes, etc.), this is one of the main properties that determine their quality. The air permeability of woven textile fabrics depends on many parameters of fabric. Thus, the determination of air permeability of woven fabric is highly complex and difficult. In this study, we attempted to establish a theoretical model for the porosity and predicted the air permeability of woven fabrics. A theoretical model was created to predict the total porosity and the air permeability of a fabric structure depending on the geometrical parameters such as pore size, warp density, weft density, fabric thickness, number of yarn, diameter of yarn, and fiber density. For the purpose, a theoretical model of porous systems on D’Arcy’s law was used, and the validity of the model was confirmed by experimental results using 100% cotton and 97/3 cotton/lycra woven fabrics. Since the amount of air passing through both the pores between yarns and the interstices in the fibers constituting the yarn structure was calculated, theoretical values of air permeability were obtained very close to the experimental values.     

基于纬编针织物特性的静电吸附力模型

为提高工业机器人在纺织服装行业的使用率,拓展静电吸附式末端执行器的使用范围,提升服装加工过程中面料自动抓取和转移自动化程度, 以纬编针织物为例,首先分析纬编针织物的结构特性和纤维成分对静电吸附力大小的影响,分别建立了织物单元的三维结构仿真模型和织物相对介电常数的计算模型。在此基础上构建纬编针织物的静电吸附力模型;然后通过仿真软件对模型进行验证。结果表明,利用该模型可计算出静电极板对纬编针织物的吸附力大小。该研究结果为实现面料的自动抓取和转移提供了新的思路。     

密度非均匀分布纬编针织物的变形预测及仿真

针对不同密度的纬编针织物组织结合形成的织物成品变形明显、成品效果预测难度大的问题,提出了一种密度非均匀分布的纬编针织物的变形预测及仿真方法。基于织物中不同密度成员织物组织的具体分布情况,提出了对应的织物弹簧-质点模型的初始状态的确定方法,在此基础上对质点进行受力分析并建立相应的力学微分方程,通过数值方法求解力学微分方程得到质点位置;基于二维Peirce线圈模型建立NURBS线圈模型,并确定曲线控制顶点和织物圈距、圈高的关系,进一步建立质点-控制点关联式;将质点受力偏移后的位置代入质点-控制点关联式,实现带有曲线线圈形态的密度非均匀分布的纬编针织物变形模拟;将织物仿真图与真实针织样品进行对比,结果表明仿真效果可靠。     

纬编针织物耗纱量预测研究进展

针对纬编针织物在生产过程中耗纱量预测的问题,在研究单面和双面纬编针织物编织规律的基础上,选择面积法与累计线圈法预测织物生产中的耗纱量。探讨面积法与累计线圈法预测纬编针织物耗纱量的具体方式,并详细介绍了影响2种预测方法的主要影响因素--织物单位面积质量及基本组织线圈长度的计算方法,分析了2种方法的优点、不足及应用前景等,为进一步研究纬编针织物耗纱量预测提供理论基础,也为相关企业生产经营提供参考。