摩擦纺包芯纱织物性能测试分析

对棉包涤纶长丝摩擦纱、棉包锦纶高弹丝摩擦纱、棉包锦纶全牵伸丝摩擦纱以及棉包粘胶长丝摩擦纱四种平纹织物的性能进行了试验研究 ,并将它们与纯棉环锭纱和纯棉摩擦纱的平纹织物的性能进行了比较分析。研究结果表明 ,棉包涤纶长丝摩擦纱织物和棉包锦纶高弹丝摩擦纱织物在服用、舒适等方面均优于环锭纱织物。这两种摩擦纺包芯纱织物作为服用织物具有良好的发展前景     

The Influence of the Spinning Process,Yarn Linear Density,and Fibre Properties on the Hairiness of Ring-spun and Rotor- spun Cotton Yarns

Cotton–spun yarns from 34 staple stocks were manufactured by means of the ring–spinning process (34 yarns) and a rotor–spinning process (29 yarns) and tested for hairiness with the Shirley Hairiness Meter. For each spinning system, yarns were spun at two values of yarn linear density (15 and 30 tex for ring–spinning and 30 and 50 tex for rotor–spinning), but the twist multiplier was kept constant within the series for each spinning process.

The higher hairiness of ring–spun yarns and an increase ln hairiness with the yarn linear density were confirmed. The effect of the fibre parameters on yarn hairiness explains only about 30% of the total effect for ring–spun yarns and 40% for rotor–spun yarns. Fibre length and its uniformity are the fibre properties having the greatest influence on the hairiness of both ring– and rotor–spun yarns, the Micronaire index having only slight influence on the hairiness of ring–spun yarn.     

短纤纱动态拉伸性能

短纤纱的拉伸强力通常是评定纱线质量的重要指标。纱线拉伸强力在纺纱后道的大部分工序中(如整经、机织和针织)起着重要作用,因此对其精确的评定方法在工业生产中很重要。通过分析动态拉伸性能的定义和所用到的拉伸仪器,以环锭纺、转杯纺、喷气纺和摩擦纺的短纤纱的动态拉伸性能测试为例,做了几项有关理论和实验的工作,探讨了研究短纤纱动态拉伸性能在工业生产中的重要性,同时也总结出影响动态拉伸性能的因素有材料、纺纱参数和测试方法等,得出短纤纱静态和动态强力的关系。     

环锭纺及转杯纺和喷气涡流纺混色纱的纤维混合效果研究

为研究环锭纺、转杯纺和喷气涡流纺3种不同成纱方法对混色纱中各色纤维混合效果的影响,分别使用3种成纱方法、2种条混方式(1道并条工序、3道并条工序)纺制6种混色纱,并制作6种混色纱的横截面切片样本,通过计算汉密尔顿指数,表征混色纱中各色纤维径向分布的均匀程度,分析不同成纱方法的纤维混合规律;同时测试6种混色纱的成纱性能,分析不同成纱方法混色纱的成纱质量。结果表明:转杯纺混色纱纤维混合效果优于环锭纺和喷气涡流纺,环锭纺次之,喷气涡流纺纤维混合最不均匀;经过3道并条工序的混色纱纤维混合效果优于经过1道并条工序的混色纱;环锭纺混色纱的强度最高,喷气涡流纺混色纱的毛羽最少。     

超早熟短季棉纺制转杯纱初探

探讨超早熟短季棉纺制转杯纱的生产工艺。在相同的纺纱工艺条件下,纺制超早熟短季棉与细绒棉低捻转杯纱,对比了两种纱线的成纱质量指标。对超早熟短季棉生产过程中遇到的落白、成纱重量不匀、粗节、断头、接头质量问题进行了分析,提出了相应的解决方法。指出:纺制超早熟短季棉转杯纱,应加强梳理、多除杂质以保证成纱质量;所纺转杯纱条干均匀度和强力较低,而加捻效率较高。     

Research on fiber distribution in front draft zone of super high draft ring spinning based on cut-middles method

A super draft ring spinning machine was designed to spin high-count cotton yarns. It was equipped with four-line draft system (FLDS) and four aprons. For yarns spun on FLDS, it often occurs that yarn unevenness increased compared with three-line draft system (TLDS). In the paper, by cut-middles method, the fiber distribution in front draft zone of FLDS draft system was studied, and corresponding yarn qualities were analyzed. First, comparison analysis of yarn quality between FLDS and TLDS was presented. Cotton yarns of 9.7 and 7.3 tex were spun by TLDS and FLDS ring spinning machine, respectively. The results shows that for 9.7 tex cotton yarn, slower fibers in yarns spun on FLDS are more than that in yarns spun on TLDS. For FLDS, the friction field at the back of front draft zone is stronger, which improves yarn evenness. However, for 7.3 tex cotton yarn, accelerated point of fibers on FLDS is nearer to nipper bite of front roller than that on TLDS. Thus, evenness of yarns spun on FLDS is better. Then, 4.9 tex cotton yarn was taken as an example, and they were spun by four kinds of draft distributions on FLDS. The results indicate that for 4.9 tex cotton yarns spun by 64.1 × 1.60 × 1.15, slower fibers at the back of front draft zone are mostly found. And accelerated point of fibers is nearest to nipper bite of front roller. Therefore, 4.9 tex cotton yarns spun by 64.1 × 1.60 × 1.15 have best yarn evenness.     

低扭矩环锭纺纱原理及其单纱的结构和性能

本文主要回顾了低扭矩环锭纺纱技术的发展。通过讨论其纺纱三角区的特点,利用高速摄影技术对纺纱区捻度和张力分布的观察分析,系统地介绍了低扭矩纱的成纱原理。此外,结合示踪纤维技术,利用纱线结构连续测量分析系统对低扭矩环锭单纱和传统环锭单纱的内部结构进行分析,揭示了低扭矩纱独特的结构特点,如非同轴异形螺旋线结构,纤维片段局部反转现象等。这些特点解释了低扭矩纱及其织物具有优良物理性能的原因。同时,通过多个生产厂家提供的测试数据,对比分析了几代低扭矩环锭纱与传统环锭纱及其织物的物理性能,结果表明低扭矩环锭纱具有低捻高强、低残余扭矩和毛羽少等特点,其针织物经多次水洗后歪斜变形小和手感好,机织物具有较好的撕裂强力,断裂强力和耐磨擦性。最新一代低扭矩环锭纺纱技术显著地改善了高支纯棉纱的物理性能。     

转杯纺与赛络纺氨纶/棉包芯纱的性能对比

通过将转杯轴中心开孔,借助转杯负压的作用引入长丝的方法纺制了转杯纺氨纶丝/短纤包芯纱;通过在传统环锭细纱机上加装一个长丝喂入装置的方法纺制Sirofil包芯纱.测试了这两种包芯纱在相同规格和纺纱条件下纱线的纵向形态、毛羽、强力和条干等相关性能.分析得出结论为转杯纺包芯纱表面光洁,毛羽少,不易起毛起球,强力稍低,条干稍差于Sirofil纱,并分析解释了原因.     

聚丙烯腈预氧化纤维阻燃产品加工技术

为提高聚丙烯腈预氧化纤维的可纺性,改善其纱线性能,采用转杯纺纱技术纺制纱线,通过各方案试纺对比,研究了转杯纺主要工艺参数与成纱质量的关系,合理选择工艺参数,提高了聚丙烯腈预氧化纤维的成纱质量。采用PANOF转杯纱开发的织物在阻燃性、耐磨性方面明显优于环锭纱织物。     

全聚纺涤棉混纺纱内纤维的径向分布

为研究全聚纺混纺纱中纤维的径向分布情况,采用环锭纺、网格圈型集聚纺和全聚纺3种方法纺制28.1tex涤棉混纺纱线,运用哈氏切片器切取三种混纺纱线样本,借助MOTTC B1型显微镜观察并采集样本中两种纤维的分布状况图,结合汉密尔顿（Hamilton）指数的方法分析,得到全聚纺混纺纱内涤纶纤维和棉纤维在纱截面内的内外转移趋势及分布规律。结果指出：利用传统环锭纺纺制的涤棉混纺纱,涤纶纤维有明显向纱芯转移的趋势,而网格圈型集聚纺,涤纶纤维向纱芯转移的趋势较传统环锭纺弱,全聚纺相对于网格圈型集聚纺而言,涤纶纤维分布更加随机,并且涤纶纤维有向纱外转移的趋势。     

转杯纺混色棉纱的纤维混合均匀度

为探究纤维混合方式对转杯纺混色棉纱中纤维混合程度的影响,通过不同混合方式(一并条子混合、三并条子混合和粗纱混合)所得的二组分转杯纺混色棉纱和三组分转杯纺混色棉纱的纱线横截面切片样本对转杯纺混色棉纱线中不同颜色棉纤维的径向分布规律进行分析。引用汉密尔顿转移指数方法表征混色纱中各色棉纤维径向分布的均匀程度,研究纤维混合方式对转杯纺纱线均匀度的影响。结果表明:无论采用一并棉条混合、三并棉条混合,还是粗纱混合,混色棉纱中不同颜色纤维分布均匀,纤维根数比例与设计比例相符合;混合方式对转杯纺纱线的径向均匀度没有明显影响,三通道转杯纺纱机可实现对纤维良好的混合效果。     

Influence and comparison of emerging techniques of yarn manufacturing on physical–mechanical properties of polyester-/cotton-blended yarns and their woven fabrics

Abstract

In this study, the physical–mechanical properties of ring spun, ring compact, rotor and air-vortex yarns were investigated. The study was carried with yarn having linear densities of 24.4 tex and 36.7 tex, which were then converted to woven fabrics. The ring spun yarns have higher values of strength but also with higher strength irregularities. Extra-ordinarily low hairiness was observed in air-vortex yarns due to its unique yarn formation technique. The deviation rate (DR) of yarns have correlation with the mass spectrogram of respective yarns obtained from USTER Tester 5. Rotor and air-vortex yarns exhibited higher coefficient of friction. The woven fabrics made from ring spun yarns exhibited higher tensile and tear strength with higher elongation at break. The fabrics made from air-vortex yarns have very good pilling grade due to less protruding fibres on their surface and good structural integrity.     

转杯纺复合纱与sirofil复合纱的性能对比分析

纺纱方式的不同使得纱线的结构和性能也不同。通过将转杯轴中心开孔,借助转杯负压的作用引入长丝的方法纺制转杯纺复合纱;通过在传统环锭细纱机上加装1个长丝喂入装置的方法纺制sirofil复合纱。测试分析这2种复合纱在相同规格和纺纱条件下其纵向形态、起毛性、毛羽、纱线表面纤维抽拔力和强力等相关性能。研究结果表明,转杯纺复合纱表面光洁,毛羽少,不易起毛起球,耐磨性能好,其强力稍低于sirofil复合纱。     

缆型包芯纱的成纱机理和性能分析

为了研究缆型包芯纱的成纱特点和性能,对普通环锭细纱机进行改造,加装一套芯纱的喂入装置和须条分割辊.然后,在改进的细纱机上纺制了3种不同细度和3种不同捻系数的缆型包芯纱,芯纱为涤纶长丝,外包棉纤维;同时在相同的纺纱工艺条件下,纺制相同细度和捻系数的普通包芯纱.测试缆型包芯纱和普通包芯纱的纱线强力、毛羽和条干均匀度.结果表明:缆型包芯纱在毛羽指标上有明显优势,3 mm以上的毛羽数量仅占到普通包芯纱的30%～46%,而断裂强力和条干均匀度均稍低于普通包芯纱.     

Studies on cotton-acrylic bulked yarns produced from different spinning technologies. Part II: fabric characteristics

The present work is concerned with the study of the characteristics of plain woven fabric produced with cotton-acrylic high-bulk yarns from different spinning technologies. The effects of different factors, namely spinning technologies (ring, rotor and DREF-II, i.e. Group A fabrics), position of shrinkable acrylic feed sliver in DREF-II friction spinning system (Group B fabrics) and proportion of shrinkable acrylic core fibre in core-sheath type DREF-III friction spun yarns (Group C fabrics) on various properties of cotton-acrylic blended bulked yarn fabrics have been reported. The influence of these three variables on the mechanical, handle and comfort properties of fabrics have been studied. The properties of fabrics made of bulked yarns from different spinning technologies are found to be different from the normal 100% cotton yarn fabrics in all respect. Even though the bulked yarns were used only in weft direction, the fabrics with modified yarn structures show appreciable improvement in thermal resistance, moisture vapour transmission, wicking and air permeability. The bending rigidity of the fabrics in weft direction also reduced with improvement in crease recovery in weft direction.     

不同纺纱流程下色纺纱色差对比

针对有些企业用一种纺纱方法纺色纺纱小样,在小样被接受后,用另一种纺纱方法纺批次样,然而所得批次样与小样之间的色差能否被接受的问题,本文将相同配比的有色纤维混合体,分别通过环锭纺、转杯纺以及快速纺三种不同的小样纺纱流程纺成纱线,绕在纸板上,再经过测色仪测色,比较不同纺纱流程下纱线之间的色差,并对造成色差的原因进行分析。结果表明：转杯纺纱线与快速纺纱线之间的色差均值为0.36CMC(2:1)单位,环锭纺纱线与快速纺纱线之间色差均值为0.95CMC(21:1)单位,环锭纺纱线与转杯纺纱线之间色差均值为0.77CMC(2:1)单位,造成色差的主要原因是成纱方法不同,引起纱线结构与纱线表面状态不同,进而对不同波长的光线反射率也不同。     

Tensile characteristics of Dref‐III friction core‐spun yarns

The tensile characteristics of Dref‐III friction spun yarns with jute as core and cotton as sheath components have been studied. Three yarns with different core–sheath proportions such as 55/45, 65/35 and 75/25 jute/cotton friction spun yarns were produced by using the Dref‐III friction spinning system. The influence of core and sheath components on the tensile properties at three different traverse rates at 150 mm/min, 750 mm/min and 1500 mm/min, respectively, have been reported. The work of rupture and specific work of rupture at break of these yarns were also analysed. From the test results, the maximum work of rupture was found in 55/45 core–sheath (jute/cotton) friction spun yarn when compared to 65/35 and 75/25 core–sheath (jute/cotton) friction spun yarns. It is due to the higher core–sheath interaction factor (CSI_T = 26.14) and better yarn‐packing density because of higher proportion of cotton fibres in the sheath component. The breaking tenacity and contribution factor of core and sheath component (CSI_T) of jute/cotton friction spun yarns were also analysed using multivariable ANOVA analysis.     

Research on yarn qualities modified by mechanical false-twisting device

Abstract

In the ring-spinning process, the area between the front roller nip and twisting point is spinning triangle, and its geometry influences the fiber tension distribution in the spinning triangle directly and determines the properties of spun yarns. Therefore, in the paper, one kind of mechanical false-twisting device was introduced on the ring spinning, which can affect the twist propagation and change the spinning triangle geometry actively. First, the modification of the false-twisting device on the DTM129 ring-spinning frame was introduced. Taking the medium cotton yarn spinning as an example, corresponding ring yarn, Sirospun yarn, compact yarn were spun on the modified spinning frame under different designed twist factors, and the applicability of the false-twisting device on different spinning method was discussed. It is shown that comparing with the common yarn, the Hairiness and Strength of the modified yarns are all improved, and the effect of false-twisting device on yarn qualities is more effective for the low-twist yarn. Comparing with the ring spinning, the improvement degree of the modified compact spinning is a little smaller. Then, the long-staple cotton ring yarn, polyester and medium cotton blend ring yarn, polyester ring yarn were spun on the modified spinning frame under different designed twist factors, and the applicability of the false-twisting device on different fibers was discussed. It is shown that the influence of the false-twisting device on the long-staple cotton yarn and polyester yarn is little. That is, the false-twisting device given in the paper would be more applicable on the short fiber spinning under the low designed twist factor.     

捻度对棉/氨纶/银丝包芯纱性能的影响

为了制备具有良好纺织特性的弹性导电纱线材料，以棉粗纱、氨纶、银丝为原料，通过设计原料的喂入方式及在环锭纺纱机的前罗拉与导纱钩之间附加定位装置，纺制以氨纶为纱芯、银丝与棉纤维螺旋包缠氨纶且棉纤维位于纱线表面的弹性导电包芯纱，探究捻度对纱线弹性、导电性、耐磨性和断裂强力的影响。以银丝紧贴氨纶表面包缠为模型，计算得到不同捻度下包芯纱中紧贴氨纶表面包缠的银丝长度的理论值。实验结果表明：包芯纱的弹性随捻度变化，在70捻/(10 cm)时包芯纱定伸长伸长弹性率、定负荷伸长弹性率较大；在包芯纱伸直(不伸长)状态下，纱线实测电阻值随捻度的增大而增大；在包芯纱伸长10%的状态下其实测电阻值小于伸直状态下等长度包芯纱实测电阻值，且在75捻/(10 cm)时伸长状态与伸直状态下的相同长度包芯纱的实测电阻值之差较小。     

假捻对低捻环锭纱结构的影响

 针对传统低捻纱强度低,影响其应用的问题,在环锭细纱机前罗拉和导纱钩之间安装1个专门设计的假捻装置,增加纺纱三角区内纤维的转移和纱线纤维间的抱合力,使纱线在具有较低捻度的同时拥有较高的强度。检测纱线的内部和外部结构,对比改良纱、普通捻度环锭纱和低捻度环锭纱的截面内纤维分布规律、纱线内的纤维轨迹以及纱线的表面结构。实验结果表明,经过改进的低捻度环锭纱与普通环锭纱具有不同的结构。