Spiral Methanol to Hydrogen Micro-Reformer for Fuel Cell Applications

A spiral microchannel methanol reformer has been developed to provide power in conjunction with a micro fuel cell for a portable, low-power device. The design is optimized for low pumping power and rapid operation as well as thermal efficiency, overall size, and complete generation of the available hydrogen. An iterative, implicit, finite-element solution code, which locates the boundaries between liquid, two-phase, and gaseous flow, provides a complete solution of the fluid and heat transfer properties throughout the device. The solution employs experimentally verified available microchannel fluid dynamics relations to develop accurate results. Based on this analysis, the proposed microreformer design will have an overall maximum energy efficiency of 70%.     

氨与燃料电池

氨作为一种富氢化合物，具有各种优点，特别是氧有着良好的产业基础，价格低廉，氨作为燃料电池燃料具有很大的发展潜力。按供氨方式的不同，氨燃料电池可分为直接供氨式燃料电池及间接供氨式燃料电池。直接供氨式燃料电池又有直接供氨式碱性燃料电池与直接供氨式固态氧化物燃料电池之分。对于间接供氨式燃料电池，存在着不同的氨分解装置与燃料电池的组合。将在阐明氨的特性的基础上，介绍了氨燃料电池的种类及基本工作原理，分析氨作为氢能源载体的优势及存在问题。     

Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vessels

正In the mid-2019,the Water-Go-Round will be the first fuel cell vessel in the United States and the first commercial fuel cell ferry in the world,as per the statement from Water-Go-Round Project Team that are formed by different partners,such as the State of California,the commercial sector and leaders within the maritime community as Golden Gate Zero Emission Marine,Hydrogenics Corporation,and Incat Crowther.     

燃料电池电动车车载甲醇重整器研究进展

介绍了甲醇重整制氢的三种路径及其在燃料电池电动车上的应用，综述了国内外车载甲醇重整器的研究进展。     

Modeling of Packed Bed Methanol Steam Reformer Integrated with Tubular High Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

This work proposes a novel tubular structure of high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC) integrated with a built-in packed-bed methanol steam reformer to provide hydrogen for power output. A two-dimensional axisymmetric non-isothermal model was developed in COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4 to simulate the performance of a tubular high temperature proton membrane fuel cell and a packed bed methanol reformer. The model considers the coupling multi-physical processes, including methanol re...     

Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle

正There are many great hopes with electrically powered vehicles,like fewer pollutants and less noise. For this electromobility,we may quickly think of vehicles with a large battery that can be charged from a wall outlet,but actually there is another propulsion technology,hydrogen engine,also known as the fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV).A fuel cell vehicle is a type of electric vehicle that uses a fuel cell,instead of a battery,to power its on-board electric motor. Fuel cells in vehicles generate electricity to power the motor,generally using oxygen from the ambient     

氢能与燃料电池能源系统

基于对世界能源需求、氢能的特点和应用的分析,论证了氢能作为替代能源和未来主要能源构成的现实性;通过对氢气制备与储存技术和燃料电池技术进展的简要分析,论证了氢能利用的可行性;介绍了三种燃料电池能源系统;简论了氢经济转化的主要障碍是燃料电池技术发展和氢能基础设施建设。     

燃料重整制氢及应用的研究现状和展望

燃料重整制氢是应用催化剂使燃料经过复杂的化学反应生成氢气的制氢方法。本文介绍了氢燃料相对于其他燃料的优缺点及燃料重整制氢的研究现状,论述了混氢燃料发动机相对于传统发动机所具有的优势,指出了重整制氢是未来发动机发展的重要趋势。     

氢燃料电池船舶能量管理策略

基于规则与基于功率跟随的控制方式分别设计氢燃料电池船舶能量管理策略,并对所设计的能量管理策略进行仿真分析。结果表明所设计的2种能量管理策略在船舶运营时能够满足锂电池的充电需求,维持锂电池荷电状态（state of charge,SOC）在合理范围内。与基于规则的能量管理策略相比,当采用能量跟随的能量管理策略时动力系统所需的锂电池容量更小,燃料电池工作点波动更频繁。     

Numerical Modeling and Investigation of PEM Fuel Cell for Performance Augmentation

Fuel cell is an important promised source of clean renewable energy that is being under extensive scientific investigation and developments. One important type of fuel cells is PEM （proton exchange membrane fuel cell）, which is considered in this study. Specifically, this study aimed at building-up of mathematical computerized model to simulate the stages of PEM fuel cell and to investigate the effects of cell design and operation parameters on its general performance. These include membrane thickness, cell area, hydrogen pressure and ionic current density. One-dimensional model has been introduced and appealed to analyze the effects of PEM fuel cell parameters on its overall performance. The results demonstrate that the cell power （and electrical efficiency） reduces as the thickness of cell membrane gets larger. Moreover, the peak point of cell power gets its maximum value at membrane thickness of 0.005 cm and its minimum value at 0.05 cm. However, the optimum value for ionic current density to get relative high cell power and electrical efficiency is equal 0.81 A/cm^2. These findings enhance research efforts toward new design and materials of PEM fuel cell.     

印度发展氢能和燃料电池技术的举措和现状

介绍了印度政府为发展氢能和燃料电池技术而采取的若干举措，如成立国家氢能委员会、制订国家氢能路线图、支持和资助氢能和燃料电池方面的研发项目等，并概述了印度取得的初步成果和现状，最后对中国发展氢能和燃料电池提出了建议。     

质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)的建模方法研究

质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）是21世纪最有生命力的发电技术之一。参考大量文献，总结出PEMFC建模的基本方法。从电化学、液体动力学角度出发，全面地分析三维PEMFC数学模型，其具普遍意义。并阐明遗传算法、神经模糊控制技术在PEMFC控制方面的应用。     

基于专利计量的氢燃料电池技术研究

作为未来颠覆性技术的重要技术方向,发展氢燃料电池技术对稳定能源供给、改善能源结构、推动低碳发展、提升国际竞争力和科技创新实力、促进生态文明建设等方面,都具有非常重要的意义。本文在已有研究的基础上,综合运用专利计量、技术生命周期的方法,对氢燃料电池专利从时间序列、技术生命周期、区域分布、技术方向等总体情况进行计量分析。研究发现:氢燃料电池专利数量呈先上升后下降趋势;日本、美国、中国、韩国是氢燃料电池的主要技术来源国;固体聚合物燃料电池、固体聚合物电解质电池、电池隔离器等技术是氢燃料电池技术的主要研究方向;丰田是氢燃料电池专利最主要的申请机构,其相对优势技术依次为燃料电池车(X21-A01J)、牵引电池(X21-B01A)、燃料电池控制(X16-C09)等。     

基于AspenPlus的兆瓦级燃料电池分布式发电系统建模及仿真分析

目的   燃料电池分布式发电技术是适应未来能源低碳化、清洁化、高效化发展趋势的重要应用方向。国内燃料电池电站项目较少,缺乏实际项目经验积累。为了推进燃料电池分布式电站技术的应用,文章概述了国内外应用现状,总结了高温燃料电池的优势与不足,调研了国内燃料电池建设应用案例,并建立了固体氧化物燃料电池与熔融碳酸盐燃料电池发电系统流程。 方法   经过文献调研与实地调研,确定了两种适合建设大型电站的燃料电池分布式发电技术,并利用AspenPlus化工模拟软件建立燃料电池系统流程模型、电化学模型和能量分析模型,并开展系统的性能仿真分析。 结果   分析结果与实际运行结果相吻合,分析预测的系统性能趋势与已有研究相一致。 结论   该仿真方法可用于兆瓦级高温燃料电池分布式发电系统的研究,可为扩大燃料电池应用规模提供数据支持。     

Integration of Miniature Heat Pipes into a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell for Cooling Applications

In proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) operations, the electrochemical reactions produce a rise in temperature. A fuel cell stack therefore requires an effective cooling system for optimum performance. In this study, miniature heat pipes were applied for cooling in PEMFC. Three alternatives were considered in tests: free convection, forced convection cooling with air, and also water. An analytical model was developed to show the possibility of evoking heat from inside a fuel cell stack with different numbers of miniature heat pipes. An experiment setup was designed and then used for further analysis. The proposed experiment setup consisted of a simulated fuel cell that produced heat and a number of thermosyphon miniature heat pipes to evoke heat from the simulated fuel cell. The experiment results reported in this paper present advantages and disadvantages of each tested cooling scenario. Results show that each cooling scenario, using a different number of heat pipes, provided different heat removal rates for PEMFC cooling.     

Development of a market penetration forecasting model for Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles considering infrastructure and cost reduction effects

In order to cope with climate change, the development and deployment of Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles (HFCVs) is becoming more important. In this study, we developed a forecasting model for HFCVs based on the generalized Bass diffusion model and a simulation model using system dynamics. Through the developed model, we could forecast that the saturation of HFCVs in Korea can be moved up 12 years compared with the US. A sensitivity analysis on external variables such as price reduction rates of HFCVs and number of hydrogen refueling stations is also conducted. The results of this study can give insights on the effects of external variables on the market penetration of HFCVs, and the developed model can also be applied to other studies in analyzing the diffusion effects of HFCVs.     

大流量氢燃料电池用离心式空气压缩机气动设计与性能试验

针对100 kW氢燃料电池堆需求,开展了两级串联离心式空气压缩机的气动设计.根据轴向力、比转速和叶轮尺寸等确定两级叶轮的压比分配,通过中部加载叶型设计减小叶轮进出口流动损失,通过叶片前倾设计降低高压级叶轮前缘的气动载荷、减小叶尖泄漏损失.对空气压缩机进行了三维流动数值仿真分析.结果 表明:空气压缩机内部流动情况良好;在设计转速、质量流量为130 g/s时,整机压比达到2.82,气动效率达到77.5％,性能可以满足100 kW氢燃料电池堆的使用需求.     

欧美发展氢能和燃料电池汽车的举措及对我国的建议

目前发达国家都在加快对新型车用能源和车辆技术的研发。氢能和燃料电池技术被一些发达国家视为未来道路交通能源的理想解决方案,并投入巨资开展研发活动。目前欧美等国已经形成政府支持下的多方联合开发、推广氢能和燃料电池汽车技术的模式,企业之间也建立起优势互补、强强联合的合作伙伴关系。重点介绍了在欧洲氢能和燃料电池技术领域处于领先地位的德国的主要做法及取得的进展。我国氢能和燃料电池汽车技术的研发、示范和推广工作起步时间不长．国外先进国家的经验和做法值得借鉴。最后为我国发展氢能和燃料电池汽车提出了建议。     

燃料重整固体氧化物燃料电池发电系统性能分析及多变量参数优化

以燃料重整的固体氧化物燃料电池发电系统为研究对象,通过数值模拟方法对固体氧化物燃料电池发电系统的性能、(火用)损、(火用)效率以及多变量运行参数优化进行了分析。研究结果表明：重整反应中燃料利用系数、电池工作温度、水碳比、电堆电流密度等参数对系统性能影响显著;电堆工作在不同电流密度下都有其对应的最佳工作温度、最佳燃料利用系数工况点;水碳比会改变重整反应产氢量,从而影响电化学反应速率,空气加热器的(火用)损所占份额最大;优化后的系统效率及(火用)效率为0.480 9和0.462 6,效率提升约4%。     

氢燃料在汽车上的应用

本文作者结合自己在氢发动机方面的研究结果,分析了氢在汽车上应用时的特点,总结了汽车燃用氢时所存在的问题及解决方法。并介绍了目前世界各国在此方面的研究情况。