Combining differential SAR interferometry and the probability integral method for three-dimensional deformation monitoring of mining areas

With the exploitation of coal resources, ground surface subsidence continues to occur in mining areas, destroying the ecological environment and significantly affecting the daily productivity and life of humans. The differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry (D-InSAR) technique is widely used to monitor ground surface deformation because of its unique advantages such as high accuracy and wide coverage. However, conventional D-InSAR technology provides only one-dimensional (1D) displacement monitoring along the radar line of sight (LOS). This article proposes a method based on an analysis of the mining subsidence law for true three-dimensional (3D) displacement monitoring by combining D-InSAR and a subsidence prediction model based on the probability integral method. In this approach, 1D displacement, obtained using D-InSAR, is then combined with the prediction model to obtain the 3D displacement of ground surface target points. Here, 3D displacement curves were obtained for the Fengfeng mining area (China) using RadarSat-2 images obtained on 9 January and 2 February 2011. True ground surface displacement was measured simultaneously by levelling when the 152under31 s working face was being exploited in Jiulong mine. Vertical displacement and inclined deformation calculated using the proposed method were compared with levelling survey data and the results showed average differences of 3.2 mm and 0.1 mm m^?1, respectively; the calculated maximum displacement in the east–west and south–north directions were 106 and 73 mm, respectively. The spatial distribution of the displacements was in accordance with the mining subsidence law. Thus, the new method can retrieve highly accurate 3D displacements caused by mining subsidence.     

The present status of subsiding land vulnerable to roof collapse in the Jharia Coalfield,India, as obtained from shorter temporal baseline C-band DInSAR by smaller spatial subset unwrapped phase profiling

In this paper, we identified recently subsiding areas in Jharia Coalfield, Jharkhand, India from the shorter temporal baseline Radarsat-2 C-band interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data pairs of 2012. Although shorter wavelength C-band differential InSAR (DInSAR) is more sensitive to slow deformation and better suited for higher precision land subsidence measurement, the dynamic and adverse land cover in mining areas and resulting temporal decorrelation problem poses a serious problem for DInSAR observation in mining areas. We used smaller temporal baseline data pairs and adopted InSAR coherence-guided incremental filtering with smaller moving windows to highlight the deformation fringes over temporal decorrelation noise. We identified the deformation fringes and validated them based on ground information to prepare the land subsidence map of the coalfield in 2012. Several new, previously unreported subsidence areas were detected in the present study with a total subsiding area of 6.9 km². The recent incidence of roof collapse on 15 November 2014 at Angar Patra village in Katras region of the coalfield where 45 houses collapsed and 10 people were injured is situated in a highly subsiding vulnerable area as obtained from the present study. Due to spatial discontinuities of InSAR coherence, DInSAR phase unwrapping for the entire study area in one go did not appear feasible. To avoid this problem, we performed DInSAR processing in smaller spatial subsets and unwrapping of the subset interferograms by a ‘minimum cost flow’ algorithm. Subsequently, we plotted unwrapped phase profiles across the deformation fringes and retrieved the maximum deformation phase with respect to background phase and translated them into radar line of sight (LOS) displacement rates. For obtaining the average subsidence rates, we adopted InSAR coherence-weighted LOS displacement rates taking into account the contribution of each data pair as a function of DInSAR phase quality of the fringe areas. Ground-based subsidence measurements by precision levelling were conducted in four test sites that had been undergoing active underground mining during the observation period. We compared space-borne DInSAR-based subsidence rates obtained by the adopted technique with precision levelling measurements. Overall, the results are found to agree well. In the four test sites with gentle to flat topography, land subsidence occurs at slow to moderate rates due to compression of in-filled material (resulting from sand stowing in underground mining), without any evidence of roof collapse. In such cases, the horizontal displacement component is less significant, and overall surface displacement occurs essentially in the vertical direction. However, we assessed the nature of subtle horizontal strain to infer relative shrinkage or dilation of the land surface which could be additive or subtractive to vertical displacement in DInSAR-based LOS displacement.     

Monitoring of recent ground surface subsidence in the Cangzhou region by the use of the InSAR time-series technique with multi-orbit Sentinel-1 TOPS imagery

ABSTRACT

By collecting 39 scenes of descending images and 26 scenes of ascending images of Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR), we monitored the ground subsidence situation of Cangzhou in China during the period from March 2015 to February 2017 with the advanced synthetic aperture radar interferometry (InSAR) time-series technique and obtained the time-series subsidence rates of Cangzhou. We then selected the two sets of results of the monitoring obtained during the same period (from July 2015 to December 2016) to verify the results’ accuracy, considering three overlapping areas (Xinhua District, Botou County, and Dongguang County). This analysis clearly indicated that both types of results have good consistency, and the maximum subsidence occurred in Dongguang County. By further study of the central area of Dongguang and the related urban development, we found that the subsidence reached about 80.0 mm over the study period and there was a close relationship between the subsidence trend and the main direction of the city development. Moreover, by combining the two sets of results, we confirmed that there has been subsidence of the high-speed railway line in the whole of the Cangzhou area, among which the most obvious subsidence has occurred in Dongguang and Qing Counties. Finally, it was proved that the Sentinel-1 data can be used to monitor ground surface subsidence, and the data are especially effective in identifying persistent scatterer points along a linear feature. Therefore, this article could provide reliable data to assist with important decisions about urban development projects in the Cangzhou area in the next few years.     

多模式雷达在矿区沉降监测中的应用研究

合成孔径雷达差分干涉测量(DInSAR)技术在地表形变监测方面已得到广泛应用。介绍了将差分InSAR技术运用于矿区地表沉降监测,获得了河北峰峰煤矿地表Envisat/ASAR和ALOS/PALSAR的雷达形变干涉相位图,并对Envisat C波段和ALOS L波段的形变干涉相位图进行了相干特性和相位特性的分析。通过综合考虑C波段和L波段的优势与不足,将两者联合使用,实验表明利用多模式雷达数据对矿区地表沉降进行检测的可行性。同时,通过对雷达干涉相位图的分析,能够及时提供正在进行地下开采活动的矿区地理位置。     

Analysis of ground subsidence at a coal-mining area in Huainan using time-series InSAR

In Huainan City, Anhui Province, China, ground subsidence persistently occurs due to underground coal mining, which has caused several environmental issues. A modified time-series Interfermetric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technique is applied to obtain ground movement in Huainan over a period of approximately two years using 20 ascending Radarsat-2 images. In particular, distributed scatterers (DSs) are efficiently identified using classification information and statistical characteristics. Classified information is used to identify the specific DS classes and statistical characteristics are used to refine the DS candidates. To control error propagation and improve computational efficiency, the deformation rate and digital elevation model (DEM) error of persistent scatterers (PSs) are first retrieved using conventional persistent scatterer intermemetry (PSI). Then, a region-growing-based strategy is applied to extract the deformation rate of DSs. Land subsidence is detected in coal-mining areas of central Dingji, Guqiao, Zhangjiaji, Xinji I, and Xinji II, which suggests that the subsidence is primarily caused by underground mining. The fastest subsidence occurring in non-urban areas is particularly vulnerable to subsidence and collapsed lakes. It is also found that the collapsed lakes have expanded during the observation period, with an expanded mining area of 0.842 km² near Guqiao. A linear relationship between the observed subsidence and expansion of collapsed lakes was found, which indicates that the expansion of collapsed lakes hass resulted from subsidence due to underground coal mining.     

Land deformation monitoring using coherent target-neighbourhood networking method combined with polarimetric information: a case study of Shanghai,China

In this article, an advanced approach for land deformation monitoring using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry combined with polarimetric information is presented. The linear and nonlinear components of the deformation, the error of the digital elevation model (DEM) and the atmospheric artefacts can be achieved by a coherent target (CT)-neighbourhood networking approach. In order to detect recent land deformation in Shanghai, China, 12 ENVISAT advanced synthetic aperture radar (ASAR) alternating polarization images acquired from January 2006 to August 2008 are employed for deformation analysis. Over a 2.5-year period, two deformation velocity fields from HH and VV modes over Shanghai are derived using the CT-neighbourhood networking SAR interferometry (InSAR), then integrated into a final deformation map by a fusion scheme. It is found that the annual subsidence rates in the study area range from??20 to 10 mm year^?1 and the average subsidence rate in the downtown area reaches??7.5 mm year^?1, which is consistent with the local government statistics published in 2007.     

基于SBAS-InSAR技术的围填海区域地面沉降监测

以围填海活动为代表的沿海快速城市化过程,是引起地面沉降的重要影响因素之一。研究聚焦沿海围填海活动热点区域广州市南沙区,使用2015年6月~2018年4月共34景Sentinel-1数据,应用SBAS-InSAR技术,揭示了南沙区在研究时段内地面沉降的时空变化格局及演变特征。结果表明：①南沙区整体呈现持续沉降的趋势,沉降速率分化严重,平均沉降速率达到3.2 mm/a,圈层分析法显示中心圈层平均沉降速率为2.6 mm/a,最外层平均沉降速率为26.8 mm/a;②该区地面沉降在空间上呈现出异质性,主要分布在东部和南部,其中南部万顷沙、龙穴岛地面沉降最为严重,最大年沉降速率达到72.2 mm/a,在2015年6月~9月还出现地面沉降回弹现象,可能是台风天气带来季节性强降水变化影响。③基于不同极化方式的Sentinel-1数据进行交叉验证,VV极化、VH极化监测结果平均值分别为2.09 mm和1.01 mm,均方根误差分别为1.12 mm和2.65 mm。结果表明：SBAS-InSAR技术在提取围填海区域的地面沉降信息方面是有效可靠的,能更好地为监测沿海地区的地面沉降情况提供科学依据。     

An approach for accurately retrieving the vertical deformation component from two-track InSAR measurements

As is well known, both conventional differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry (D-InSAR) and multi-temporal synthetic aperture radar interferometry (MT-InSAR) have a common limitation that they only can measure the deformation component along the radar line of sight (LOS) direction. However, in the majority of disaster investigations, there is more interest in the vertical deformation component than that of the horizontal direction, for example, in measuring ground subsidence in urban areas, or ground subsidence due to underground mining. To estimate the vertical deformation component accurately, it is in theory necessary to create at least three independent equations, and solve the vertical, the North–South, and the East–West deformation components by exploiting at least three-track InSAR LOS measurements or combining at least two-track InSAR LOS measurements with azimuth measurements. However, these methods are greatly limited and sometimes not even practical because there is typically little chance of obtaining a three-track SAR data set covering the same area in the same time span, and the accuracy of the azimuth measurements is far lower than that of InSAR LOS measurements. In this article, we found that it is possible to solve for the vertical deformation component from two-track InSAR LOS measurements in some circumstances. Then, an approach for accurately retrieving the vertical deformation component from two-track InSAR LOS measurements is proposed, and the analytical expression is presented. The approach is illustrated through an investigation of the ground subsidence in an area of Beijing, China. Unlike previous methods, this approach can accurately retrieve the vertical deformation component from two-track InSAR LOS measurements, and provide more reliable results for improving the interpretation of ground subsidence phenomena.     

利用Sentinel-1A合成孔径雷达干涉时间序列监测陇东地区地面沉降变形

基于覆盖陇东地区同一轨道的97景Sentinel-1A卫星影像,在ISCE和StaMPS数据处理平台上利用PS-InSAR技术进行叠加数据处理,获得研究区自2014年10月至2019年5月的年平均地表LOS向形变场,并对形变场结果进行二维网格滤波处理,获取沉降中心的变化特征。研究结果表明：陇东地区主要存在两类形变,一类是由构造活动引起的地表形变,主要分布在海原断裂与六盘山东麓断裂转换区附近,跨海原断裂年平均形变约为1 mm/a,而六盘山东麓断裂附近断层无明显变形,鄂尔多斯块体内部变形微弱;另一类则是由人类工业活动,如煤矿开采、地下水开采活动等导致的地表沉降,主要影响区域为华亭矿区和宁正矿区,均呈现漏斗状沉降形态,年均最大沉降分别约为8 mm/a和30 mm/a。     

Surface Deformation Field of Eastern Gansu Province by PS-InSAR Technique with Sentinel-1A

Through taking 97 Sentinel-1A SAR images from October 2014 to May 2019 covered most parts of Eastern Gansu province as experimental data, we monitored the surface deformation applying PS-InSAR technique for superimposed data processing based on ISCE and StaMPS to obtain the annual mean LOS rate of surface deformation field. Moreover, we filtered the LOS velocity field using two-dimensional mesh filtering to obtain the variation characteristics of the subsidence center. Our results reveal that there have two patterns of surface deformation. (1) Ground deformation caused by tectonic activity mainly locates around Haiyuan fault, whose mean annual LOS rate of deformation is ~1mm/a. However, there is no obvious deformation near the Liupanshan fault. Meanwhile, the internal deformation of the Ordos Block is subtle. (2) Another surficial deformation caused by mining activity occurs in the regions of Huating Mining Area and Ningzheng Mining Area, in which a ground subsidence funnel has been found. According to the time series deformation characteristic analysis of the settlement center, we know the mean annual LOS rate of deformation in the Huating Mining Area and Ningzheng Mining Area are ~8 mm/a and ~30 mm/a, respectively.     

Monitoring land deformation in Changzhou city (China) with multi-band InSAR data sets from 2006 to 2012

Over exploitation of groundwater in Changzhou city, China can cause land deformation, which in turn proves detrimental to the urban infrastructure. In this study, multi-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data sets (C-band Envisat ASAR, L-band ALOS PALSAR, and X-band COSMO-SkyMed) acquired from 2006 to 2012 were analysed using the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry (InSAR) time-series method to investigate the relationship between spatial–temporal distribution of land deformation and groundwater exploitation. Annual deformation rate inferred from multi-band interferograms ranges from ?58 to 24 mm year^?1. Levelling-survey data were used to validate the multi-band InSAR measurements. The results showed that these two types of measurements were generally in agreement. Correlating groundwater-table and multi-band InSAR measurements at six groundwater-well stations showed that with the rise of the water table, the land rebounded. But in some areas with larger subsidence, continual subsidence was observed even though the water table rose after the prohibition of groundwater exploitation. This may have been caused by the hysteresis effect due to the consolidation of strata (especially for the creep deformation). Our study provides scientific evidence on the management of groundwater extraction and the assessment of land-subsidence hazards.     

Surface movements in Bologna (Po Plain — Italy) detected by multitemporal DInSAR

We studied the surface deformations affecting the southeastern sector of the Po Plain sedimentary basin, in particular the area of Bologna. To this aim an advanced DInSAR technique, referred to as DInSAR-SBAS (Small BAseline Subset), has been applied. This technique allows monitoring the temporal evolution of a deformation phenomenon, via the generation of mean deformation velocity maps and displacement time series from a data set of acquired SAR images. In particular, we have processed a set of SAR data acquired by the European Remote Sensing Satellite (ERS) sensors and compared the achieved results with optical levelling measurements, assumed as reference. The surface displacements detected by DInSAR SBAS from 1992 to 2000 are between 10 mm/year in the historical part of Bologna town, and up to 59 mm/year in the NE industrial and agricultural areas. Former measurements from optical levelling referred to 1897 show 2-3 mm/year vertical movements. This trend of displacement increased in the second half of the 20th century and the subsidence rate reached 60 mm/year. We compared the more recent levelling campaigns (in 1992 and late 1999) and DInSAR results from 1992 to 1999. The standard deviation of the difference between levelling data, projected onto the satellite Line Of Sight, and DInSAR results is 2 mm/year. This highlights a good agreement between the measurements provided by two different techniques. The explanation of soil movements based on interferometric results, ground data and geological observations, allowed confirming the anthropogenic cause (surface effect due to the overexploitation of the aquifers) and highlights a natural, tectonic, subsidence.     

Geomorphological changes associated with underground coal mining in the Fushun area,northeast China revealed by multitemporal satellite remote sensing data

Fushun is a famous coal-mining city in northeastern China with more than 100 years of history. Long-term underground coal mining has caused serious surface subsidence in the eastern part of the city. In this study, multitemporal and multisource satellite remote sensing data were used to detect subsidence and geomorphological changes associated with underground coal mining over a 10-year period (1996–2006). A digital elevation model (DEM) was generated through Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) interferometry processing using data from a pair of European Remote Sensing Satellite (ERS) SAR images acquired in 1996. In addition, a Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) DEM obtained from data in 2000 and an Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) DEM from 2006 were used for this study. The multitemporal DEMs indicated that the maximum vertical displacement due to subsidence was around 13 m from 1996 to 2006. Multitemporal ASTER images showed that the flooded water area associated with subsidence had increased by 1.73 km² over the same time period. Field investigations and ground level measurements confirmed that the results obtained from the multitemporal remote sensing data agreed well with ground truth data. This study demonstrates that DEMs derived from multisource satellite remote sensing data can provide a powerful tool to map geomorphological changes associated with underground mining activities.     

基于小基线InSAR技术监测九台营城矿区2012年地表形变

通过采用小基线InSAR技术,将离散的DInSAR观测连接起来,获取吉林省九台营城矿区线性地表形变量,通过去除大气延迟相位计算非线性形变量,进而获取时间上连续的沉降场。经实地调查验证,InSAR计算结果较好地吻合了矿区开采范围和地表建筑物破坏情况。最后分析了营城矿区2012年沉降的分布和地表形变随时间的变化情况,揭示矿区沉降漏斗的分布、发展和演化规律。     

基于SBAS-InSAR的关闭矿井地表形变规律研究

矿井关闭后,煤岩体在应力、地下水、氧气等多种因素的作用下发生风化劣化、强度降低,采动破裂岩体的应力和承载能力发生改变,易导致采空区地表发生二次形变。现有研究多是集中在矿区开采过程中的地表形变监测,而针对矿井关闭后的地表形变监测研究较少。为探明矿井关闭后地表的形变规律,利用2015-12-21—2019-12-24的62景Sentinel-1A影像,采用短基线集干涉测量(SBAS-InSAR)技术获取了徐州西部关闭矿井(包括庞庄矿、夹河矿和张小楼矿)4 a内时间序列的地表形变结果和形变规律。研究结果表明:3个矿区内地表最大沉降速率达-48 mm/a,4 a累计最大下沉178 mm;夹河矿地表呈现先下沉后抬升现象,而庞庄矿、张小楼矿地表持续下沉;4 a内3个矿区地表最大倾斜变形为1.70 mm/m,最大曲率变形为-0.039 mm/m 2;通过插值统计计算得到庞庄矿、夹河矿和张小楼矿地表形变大于10 mm的形变面积分别为10.5,13.7,11.6 km 2,且呈逐年上升趋势。     

Subsidence analysis of ELH Bridge through ground-based interferometric radar during the crossing of a subway shield tunnel underneath the bridge

Ground-based interferometric radar is a popular technique for the deformation monitoring and analysis of civil engineering constructions. Many researchers have applied this technique to different operative scenarios, but only a few studies have analysed deformation time series derived through ground-based interferometric radar in consideration of the effect of coloured noise. In this study, deformation information was retrieved through the joint application of ground-based interferometric radar and maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) in consideration of the effects of white and coloured noises. A case study was conducted on the subsidence of East Lake High-tech Bridge during subway shield tunnel crossing underneath this bridge (from 16 to 18 November 2016). The subsidence time series was derived through ground-based interferometric radar. Afterward, the subsidence time series was verified by levelling at an accuracy better than 0.33 mm. Furthermore, white and coloured noises were detected in the denoized subsidence time series through a spectral analysis and MLE. For the subsidence time series of Nos. 7 and 8 piers, the coloured noise amplitudes were 0.3824 and 0.6261 mm, respectively, and the white noise values were 0.0414 and 0.0610 mm, respectively. Accurate subsidence rates and accumulative subsidence were derived through MLE by using the estimated noise characteristics in the subsidence time series. The subsidence rates of Nos. 7 and 8 piers were ?0.0122 ± 0.0060 and ?0.0065 ± 0.0058 mm hour^?1, respectively, and the accumulative subsidence values were ?0.6365 and ?0.3370 mm, respectively. This finding suggests that the bridge is stable and safe.     

A study on measuring surface deformation of the L’Aquila region using the StaMPS technique

This research compares two time-series interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) methods, namely persistent scatterer SAR interferometry (PS-InSAR) and small baseline subset (SBAS) to retrieve the deformation signal from pixels with different scattering characteristics. These approaches are used to estimate the surface deformation in the L’Aquila region in Central Italy where an earthquake of magnitude Mw 6.3 occurred on 6 April 2009. Fourteen Environmental Satellite (ENVISAT) C-band Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar (ASAR) images, covering the pre-seismic, co-seismic, and post-seismic period, are used for the study. Both the approaches effectively extract measurement pixels and show a similar deformation pattern in which the north-west and south-east regions with respect to the earthquake epicentre show movement in opposite directions. The analysis has revealed that the PS-InSAR method extracted more number of measurement points (21,103 pixels) as compared to the SBAS method (4886 pixels). A comparison of velocity estimates shows that out of 833 common pixels in both the methods, about 62% (517 pixels) have the mean velocity difference below 3 mm year^?1 and nearly 66% pixels have difference below 5 mm year^?1. It is concluded that StaMPS-based PS-InSAR method performs better in terms of extracting more number of measurement pixels and in the estimation of mean line of sight (LOS) velocity as compared to SBAS method.     

Recent subsidence in Tianjin,China: observations from multi-looking TerraSAR-X InSAR from 2009 to 2013

Tianjin, China, has been suggested to have serious ground subsidence due to excessive extraction of groundwater. It is essential to monitor this subsidence, which has potential hazards and risks. Time series InSAR (TS-InSAR), such as small baselines subset (SBAS), is a powerful tool that can monitor ground deformation with high accuracy and at high spatial resolution over a long time interval. However, the high computational complexity may exceed computer memory limit when high-spatial resolution SAR (such as TerraSAR-X, TSX) images are used. In this article, the multi-look approach is introduced to the SBAS tool from StaMPS/MTI (Stanford method for persistent scatter/multi-temporal InSAR) in order to balance the spatial resolution and subsidence information in detection. The looks used for multi-looking are first fixed in terms of the accuracy of deformation and the density of coherent points. Then, the recent subsidence in Tianjin is extracted using multi-looking SBAS based on 48 TSX images acquired from 2009 to 2013. The results are validated by levelling measurements with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 4.7 mm year^–1, which demonstrates that SBAS analysis can effectively monitor deformation based on multi-looking TSX acquisitions in the area under investigation. Besides, the results also show that Tianjin has been suffering from subsidence during this period, and there were two separate large subsidence basins located in this study area with more than 500 mm cumulative subsidence. Moreover, the subsidence rate increased after December 2010 in Tianjin.     

Episodic ground deformation signals in Thessaly Plain (Greece) revealed by data mining of SAR interferometry time series

The Eastern Thessaly Plain presents an area of severe settlement phenomena, owing to the over-exploitation of the underground aquifer systems, causing significant damages to national infrastructures and private properties annually. Herein, both Persistent Scatterers (PS) and Small Baselines (SB) interferometric techniques were applied to study the history of ground deformation along the entire plain. Although the area consisted mostly of agricultural land, a sufficient number of point targets was obtained, well-distributed over the entire plain, permitting the recognition of spatial variations of the displacement field in addition to temporal trends. Our findings outline the southern part of the basin as the mostly affected area, whereas local subsidence patterns of lower magnitude were also recognized elsewhere. Episodes of significant ground subsidence, reaching several centimetres within a few months, characterize the deformation pattern of the area. Although average ground deformation rates do not exceed 2 cm year^?1, line-of-sight (LOS) displacements of up to 13 cm were observed, occurring during the summer–autumn periods. A geographic information system (GIS)-based post-processing approach for the analysis of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) time series is presented, by which these abrupt settlement episodes can be identified in both temporal and spatial domains. The analysis allows the separation between rapid subsidence phenomena during the summer–fall season and annual deformation rates, thereby providing valuable information regarding the actual deformation pattern of the area. The results confirm in situ geological observations, highlighting the unique behaviour of the area due to intense water pumping. The study underlines that average SAR displacement rate maps might be inadequate to describe complex deformation scenarios and could lead to misinterpretations. Exploitation of the full capacity of SAR time series by detailed examination of the displacement histories, through a tailored data-mining strategy, could provide valuable information to geotechnical engineers and planners.     

基于SBAS-InSAR技术的煤矿开采沉陷监测与分析

地下煤炭资源大量开采导致的地表形变,引发严重的安全和环境隐患,雷达干涉测量技术是高精度、大范围地表形变监测的重要手段之一。以辽宁省沈阳市沈北新区蒲河煤矿为例,采用SBAS-InSAR技术探测2018—2019年矿区地表形变结果,获取了采煤引起地表形变的时空分布特征,结合采场所在区域的地质条件和变形诱发因素,利用数值模拟技术对观测形变结果进行模拟分析,进而讨论了蒲河煤矿地面沉降在时间和空间上的变形规律和机制。InSAR形变监测结果显示,开采区域内存在两处沉降漏斗,且数值模拟结果与InSAR形变观测值分布规律一致,反演结果接近实际情况,可为相关部门制定地面沉降防治措施提供科学依据。