基于WSN的仪器网络的PC机基站的研究

针对传统仪器无法汇总和上传数据的缺点,提出了利用WSN技术建立仪器网络的方法,应用Microsoft.NET、SQLSer-ver等软件开发了PC机基站管理系统,作为此网络的汇聚节点。研究了系统的体系结构、数据库设计及程序实现方法。利用VB.NET、ADO.NET等技术,实现了对仪器测量数据的分析计算、查询和绘制曲线功能,并可通过GSM模块将数据上传到远端管理中心。以改造水质分析仪实验为例验证了仪器组网的可行性,为质检部门提供了高效的检测途径。     

Crossbow平台上的PMCS机制实现

根据无线传感器网络(WSN)具有的异构性与海量数据的特性,在Crossbow平台上搭建WSN获取土壤、空气和辐射等数据信息。为方便数据的接收和转发,在与一个或多个基站建立连接时,实现一个并行监控系统,用于监听多个基站的数据接收和转发请求,同时对XML格式数据进行解析,将有效数据存储到Oracle数据库中,以便于Web端应用程序的开发,从而实现异构数据的灵活配置和多基站服务请求的及时响应和协同工作。     

无线传感器网络与IPv6网络的互联通信

设计无线传感器网络（WSN）与IPv6网络无缝互联的通信模型,给出一种传感器地址自动配置算法,实现传感器节点的自动路由寻址。提出一种适用于WSN的IPv6协议裁剪方案,以节省传感器节点的功耗。在实验平台以及仿真环境中实现了该模型,并对其性能进行分析,实验结果证明了该模型的有效性和正确性。     

基于粒子群优化的WSN非均匀分簇路由算法

分簇算法对大规模无线传感器网络(WSN)远程监控系统具有较好的节能性,簇首间通过多跳通信的方式将数据传送至基站,靠近基站的簇首由于需要转发大量其他簇首的数据而负载过重,可能因过早耗尽能量而失效,这将导致整个网络分割。针对现有无线传感器网络分簇算法存在的能耗不均衡问题,提出一种基于粒子群优化的非均匀分簇算法(PSO-UCA)。它采用PSO算法将所有节点划分为多个规模大小非均匀的簇,靠近基站的簇的规模小于远离基站的簇,因此靠近基站的簇首可为簇间的数据转发预留能量。仿真结果表明,与LEACH算法相比较,该分簇算法可使网络的生存时间延长30%。     

两层传感器网络中隐私保护的等区间近似查询算法

隐私保护已经成为拓展无线传感器网络（WSN）应用的关键因素,是当前的研究热点。针对传感器网络中感知数据的安全性问题,提出了两层传感器网络中隐私保护的等区间近似查询（PEIAQ）算法。首先,将传感器节点编号及其采集的数据等信息隐藏在随机向量中;然后,基站根据接收到的向量信息构造线性方程组,从而得到包含全局统计信息的直方图;最后,根据直方图完成近似查询。此外,PEIAQ利用数据扰动技术和传感器节点与基站共享密钥的方式来对感知数据进行加密,保证了感知数据的隐私性。仿真实验显示,PEIAQ的通信量在查询阶段明显低于隐私保护通用近似查询（PGAQ）的通信量,约节省60%,因此,该PEIAQ具有低能耗、高效率等特点。     

面向分簇的WSN数据融合在瓦斯监控中的应用

为了更好地对矿井瓦斯进行监控, 在迅速提取异常瓦斯数据的同时消除非异常数据带来的冗余, 本文提出了一种基于分簇的WSN(无线传感器网络)数据融合方法. 它利用总能耗最小的方法将所有节点最佳分簇, 每个簇的节点通过竞选簇头概率的大小来确定簇头,非簇头节点通过两次阈值判断采集的数据是否异常并将异常数据发送到监控基站供工作人员决策. 实验仿真表明: 该方法延长了整个传感器网络的生存周期, 对矿井瓦斯起到有效监控.     

无线传感器网络单基站调度算法

对于无线传感器网络(WSN)移动基站的调度问题,提出了一种基于线性规划方法的移动单基站调度算法。首先,通过对移动单基站调度问题的形式化描述,对该问题在时间域中进行了数学建模,并使用重建模技术,将问题从时间域转化到空间域以降低求解复杂度,然后基于线性规划理论建立了一个多项式时间复杂度的最优算法。模拟仿真实验验证了该算法的有效性,实验数据表明该移动基站调度算法能有效地延长无线传感器网络的网络生命周期。     

基于无线传感器网络的多点位物体流量监测系统的应用

针对目前对物体流量信息采集所存在的多点位同时监测和被检物体的区别化识别两大问题,设计了一种基于无线传感器网络的物体流量监测系统。该系统由监测节点、基站节点及上位机组成,监测节点之间构成链状拓扑结构,将监测到的数据汇总到基站节点,再由基站节点与上位机相连,将数据传到上位机进行流量统计与数据分析。系统中所涉及的监测过程无需外设辅助标签,同时实现对多点位物体的流量监测,并解决识别物体种类的问题。     

高效节能的多移动基站数据收集算法

由于无线传感器网络（WSN）中的节点能量有限,能量问题是WSN的研究热点.首先传感器产生的数据具有时间和空间的相关性,所以让一部分传感器工作,其余休眠,可以提高网络寿命.其次移动基站以汽油为燃料,每次移动距离有限.基于以上两点考虑,提出了CMSLM（Constrained mobile of sink lifetime maximum）算法,移动基站在移动距离受限条件下,移动尽可能远的距离,减少移动移动基站的数量,此外,每个网关利用最大流构造平衡树,使得瓶颈的传感器能量消耗尽可能的均衡,从而使得网络寿命最大化.通过实验仿真显示,CMSLM比SRP-MS算法相同的周期内的死亡的节点数要少的很多.     

无线传感器网络分簇优化算法

无线传感器网络(wireless sensor network,WSN)是众多具有通信能力,计算能力和感知能力的传感器,在很多方面都有着广泛的应用。文章通过对目前WSN中层簇式分簇协议的研究,结合经典的LEACH协议,通过分析其优点和不足,在此基础上提出了一种基于C-均值聚类算法(C-MCA)的WSN节点传感器数据的分组策略,并采用基于冗余度的方法来实现多跳路由,优化了传输路径,并节省了传输能耗。最后通过实验仿真验证了其优越性。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.