MgCl2-BuOH/TiCl4催化剂催化乙烯聚合

研究了自制MgCl2-BuOH/TiCl4催化剂在不同条件下用于乙烯均聚合和共聚合的性能,考察了不同的氢气分压、铝钛摩尔比和共聚单体浓度对催化剂活性和聚合反应动力学的影响,测试了聚合产品的熔体流动速率、堆密度及拉伸性能等,表征了聚合产品的相对分子质量及其分布、分子链结构,得出了聚合条件对MgCl2-BuOH/TiCl4催化剂及其产品性能影响的一般规律.     

球形MgCl2载体催化剂催化乙烯聚合

考察了球形MgCl2载体催化剂在乙烯聚合过程中的催化性能和动力学行为,分析了聚合过程的传热、传质和温度、聚合压力对催化剂行为的影响。聚合温度在30～80℃和乙烯压力在0．12～0．72MPa时,随着温度和压力的提高,聚合活性增加,聚合物堆密度由0．27g/cm^3降低至0．22g/cm^3。     

加氢条件下球形MgCl2载体催化剂催化乙烯聚合

为开发可控制形态的催化剂并表征其在乙烯聚合过程中对氢气的响应,测定了不同氢气加入量条件下球形MgCl_2载体催化剂在乙烯聚合过程中的活性及聚合物的相对分子质量等。研究发现,随着氢气加入量的增加。氢气对第二活性中心的化学毒化加剧,催化剂活性明显降低。通过对聚合物相对分子质量和氢气分压的关联,认为氢气是通过吸附解离形成原子氢,利用氢气可对聚合物的熔体流动速率在0.2～10.0g/10min进行调节。     

一种乙烯聚合用TiCl_4/MgCl_2催化剂的制备

研究了含Mg载体ClMg(OR)·ROH(R为乙基和正丁基)的制备和反应机理。分别以CH2Cl2,CHCl3,CCl4作为溶剂,在n(C2H5OH)/n(Mg)为2.0的条件下,可以合成ClMg(OC2H5)·C2H5OH载体,并且成本较低。采用ClMg(OR)·ROH为载体与TiCl4反应,制备了乙烯聚合用负载型催化剂,研究了该催化剂的制备规律和催化乙烯聚合的性能。结果表明:以ClMg(OC4H9)·C4H9OH为载体制备TiCl4/MgCl2催化剂,载Ti时间为2 h,载Ti温度为110℃,TiCl4用量为2.0 mL/g,载Ti次数为3次时,制备的负载型催化剂催化乙烯聚合具有较高的活性,可达4.6 kg/(g·h)。     

球形TiCl4/MgCl2催化剂引发丙烯气相聚合动力学

采用微机在线控制的半连续烯烃聚合反应器,在加压条件下进行了球形TiCl₄/MgC_l2催化剂催化的丙烯气相聚合,测定了单体瞬时聚合速率等重要的动力学数据,考察了不同聚合条件对聚合动力学的影响,并用Flory-Huggins方程估算了聚合物非晶区中的单体浓度C_m.研究表明聚合速率与C_m成正比;丙烯聚合速率在反应一开始就迅速衰减,之后是缓慢的衰减.提出了一个n级衰减的丙烯气相聚合动力学模型,根据实验数据拟合得到了模型的各个参数,其中活性中心的衰减级数为2.5,气相聚合的表观增长活化能为77.1 kJ•mol^-1.用该模型可以较好地模拟加压条件下的丙烯气相聚合动力学行为.     

球形MgCl2载体催化剂催化1-丁烯聚合

在以三乙基铝(AlEt3)为助催化剂、n(Al)/n(Ti)为300、聚合压力为0.10 MPa、聚合温度为30℃、通入氢气3 mL、环己基甲基二甲氧基硅烷(CHMMS)与Al的摩尔比为0.033、聚合2h的条件下,球形MgCl2载体催化刺的活性为607g/g,聚1-丁烯的等规指数为82.3%.依催化剂活性大小,外给电...     

有机铬催化剂催化乙烯聚合

研究了有机硅烷铬酸酯催化剂(简称有机铬催化剂)在乙烯气相均聚合小试中的催化性能和聚合动力学行为。考察了不同种子床制备方法、有机铬催化剂加入量、聚合温度、乙烯与氢气分压比对聚合的影响,并对聚乙烯(PE)进行了结构与性能的分析表征。结果表明:经热活化与化学活化处理后的硅胶表面基本不含羟基,适宜作为种子床使用;有机铬催化剂加入量在100.0~150.0 mg时其活性最高且保持稳定,聚合动力学曲线为快速上升缓慢下降型;聚合温度在80~100℃时有机铬催化剂活性最高且变化不大,但在110℃时下降;随聚合温度升高,PE的重均分子量与数均分子量均降低,且相对分子质量分布明显变窄;H2的加入会显著降低有机铬催化剂活性。     

后过渡金属催化剂催化乙烯聚合

考察了不同温度,Ａｌ／Ｆｅ比以及催化剂浓度等条件下后过渡金属ＦｅＭＡ催化剂乙烯常压聚合的催化活性和动力学行为。     

铬/钒双金属催化剂催化乙烯气相聚合

在实验室小试气相聚合釜中对铬/钒双金属催化剂进行乙烯聚合评价,考察了不同聚合温度和压力时催化剂的性能,研究了不同条件下催化剂的动力学行为,并将其聚合动力学曲线与用工业铬系催化剂的进行了比较。结果表明:随着聚合温度升高,用铬/钒双金属催化剂制备的聚乙烯的相对分子质量减小,熔体流动速率增大,在所研究聚合温度范围内铬/钒双金属催化剂对温度更敏感;随着聚合压力增大,催化剂活性显著提高,聚乙烯相对分子质量增加;聚合动力学曲线与铬系催化剂不同,聚合反应速率先增大再降低最后逐渐达到平稳。     

TiCl4/MgCl2催化剂载体掺杂的研究进展

综述了用于烯烃配位聚合的MgCl_2载体掺杂负载型Ziegler-Natta(Z-N)催化剂的研究进展,讨论了此类催化剂用于烯烃聚合的催化活性、活性中心分布、聚合产物的相对分子质量分布及立构规整性的变化等。掺杂MgCl_2负载的Z-N催化剂比常规负载的Z-N催化剂生产的聚烯烃的相对分子质量分布宽,催化活性也有一定的改变。     

Kinetic study for the decay rate of ethylene polymerization catalyzed over silica supported TiCl4/MgCl2 catalysts

The kinetics for decay rate of ethylene polymerization catalyzed with TiCl₄/MgCI₂/Si0₂ has been investigated in the range of temperatures between 40 and 90°C and in the range of ethylene pressures between 4 and 12.4 atm. The decay of polymerization rale was fitted well by the type of first order decay. The decay rale constant caused by monomer could be expressed by k _d ^/′ = C ·[M]^−1/2. Some plausible speculations have been proposed on the deactivation mechanism caused by monomer. The activation energy for the deactivation reaction is 9.8 kcal/mole.     

Kinetic study on propylene polymerization by a high activity catalyst system: MgCl2/TiCl4/PhCO2Et-AlEt3/PhCO2Et

Summary Kinetic study was performed in short time propylene polymerization with a high activity-high stereospecificity catalyst system composed of MgCl₂/TiCl₄/PhCO₂Et with AlEt₃/PhCO₂Et. The concentration of the active centers, [C ^*], the propagation rate constant, k _p, and the chain transfer rate, r _tr, were determined. The change of these values by the change of polymerization conditions, the concentration of monomer, AlEt₃, and the temperature, were studied.     

Propene polymerization with MgCl2-supported TiCl4/dioctylphthalate catalyst. I. Catalyst behavior

Slurry polymerization of propene using MgCl₂-supported TiCl₄/dioctylphthalate catalysts were carried out in a semibatch reactor at a constant pressure to examine the effects of polymerization conditions on catalyst activity and polymer isotacticity. The catalysts were prepared at 80, 90, and 105°C, which gave different compositions of chemical complexes associated with the diester. Five alkyl aluminums (triethyl, triisobutyl, tri-n-hexyl, tri-n-octyl, and isoprenyl) were studied as cocatalysts. Among these, triethyl aluminum was found to be most effective for the catalysts prepared at 80 and 95°C, and tri-n-hexyl aluminum for the catalyst prepared at 105°C. Dimethoxydiphenyl silane and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine were employed to study their effects as an external Lewis base for the catalyst prepared at 105°C. In both cases, a small amount of either base resulted in significant increase in activity and isotacticity, which can be attributed to the high level of phthaloyl chloride complex in the catalyst. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

外给电子体对MgCl2负载TiCl4催化剂催化乙烯/丙烯共聚合的影响

采用邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(DIBP)为内给电子体的Mg Cl2负载Ti Cl4催化剂,考察了在无外给电子体及以环己基甲基二甲氧基硅烷(简称C-donor)、二环戊基二甲氧基硅烷(简称D-donor)、苯基三乙氧基硅烷(简称PTES)为外给电子体的条件下,催化剂对乙烯/丙烯共聚合活性、单体竞聚率、共聚物序列分布和热性能的影响。结果表明,在不同外给电子体作用下,随着乙烯进料比的增加,聚合活性先增加后逐渐减小,并呈现出明显的"共单体效应";DIBP与D-donor有很好的协同效应,二者配合可提高催化剂活性,最高可达8.3 kg(以1 g Ti计);当乙烯/丙烯(摩尔比)为40%~65%时,共聚物链段中乙烯和丙烯分布更均匀,无规度更高,具有更短的平均序列长度;当乙烯/丙烯为50%时,所得共聚物的熔融温度最低,可达108℃,玻璃化转变温度为-48.6℃,表明聚合物具有较好的耐低温性能。     

Studies on propylene polymerization with a highly active MgCl2 supported TiCl4 catalyst system

Summary Propylene polymerization was performed with a highly active MgCl supported TiCl₄ in conjunction with Et₃Al and ethyl benzoate (EB). The obtained polypropylene sample was separated into four fractions by successive extraction with pentane, heptane and trichloroethylene (trichlene). Yield, Mn, Tm and microtacticity of each fraction were determined, and the effects of the concentration of EB on these items of results were investigated. It has been found that EB enhances yield, Mn and stereospecificity of trichlene insoluble (the most stereospecific) fraction, and in contrast, it decreases rapidly yields of other three fractions without changing the character of the polymers. From these findings, the functions of EB to the active centers were discussed.     

Temperature programmed decomposition of sillica-supported MgCl2/THF/TiCl4 catalyst and effect of thermal treatment on ethylene polymerization rate

Silica supported MgCl₂/THF/TiCl₄ catalyst (SiO₂/MgCl₂/THF/TiCl₄) was prepared, and then decomposed thermally. The amount of produced gas [tetrahydrofuran (THF) and 1,4-dichlorobutane (DCB)] was measured with gas chromatography (GC) and mass spectrometer. SiO₂/MgCl₂/THF/TiCl₄ catalyst started to decompose around 85‡C, and further decomposed at 113, 150 and 213‡C. THF was mainly produced, but very small amount of DCB evolved during temperature programmed decomposition (TPD), while unsupported MgCl₂THF/TiCl₄ produced DCB significantly. Polymerization rate of ethylene with SiO₂/MgCl₂/THF/TiCl₄ decreased when it was preheated at 85 and 110‡C for 5 and 60 min, respectively, while that of unsupported MgCl₂/THF/TiCl₄ increased after same pretreatment condition. It can be suggested that Mg/Ti bimetallic complex anchored on the surface of silica through OH group of it has weak interaction between Mg and Ti species.     

Morphological study of spherical MgCl2.nEtOH supported TiCl4 Ziegler‐Natta catalyst for polymerization of ethylene

Spherical MgCl₂·nEtOH was prepared by adducting ethanol to MgCl₂ using melt quenching method. Effect of molar ratio of [EtOH]/[MgCl₂] = 2.8–3.05 on the morphology and particle size of the MgCl₂·nEtOH were studied. The best adduct of spherical morphology was obtained when 2.9 mol ethanol to 1 mol MgCl₂ was used. An emulsion of dissolved MgCl₂ in ethanol was prepared in a reactor containing silicon oil. Stirrer speed of the emulsion and its transfer rate to quenching section that work at ?10 to ?40°C are affected by the particle size of the adduct particle. The adducted ethanol was partially removed with controlled heat primary to catalyst preparation (support). Treatment of the support with excess TiCl₄ increased its surface area from 13.1 to 184.4 m²/g. Heterogeneous Ziegler‐Natta catalyst system of MgCl₂ (spherical)/TiCl₄ was prepared using the spherical support. Scanning electron microscopy studies of adduct, support, and catalyst obtained shown spherical particles, however, the polyethylene particles obtained have no regular morphology. The behavior indicates harsh conditions used for catalyst preparation, prepolymerization, and polymerization method used. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 3829–3834, 2006     

Gas-phase polymerization of ethylene using MgCl2/ethyl benzoate/TiCl4 + triethylaluminum catalyst: Effects of triethylaluminum and temperature

A gas-phase reactor system was developed to polymerize ethylene using the MgCl₂/ethyl benzoate (EB)/TiCl₄+ triethylaluminum (TEA) catalyst. The reproducibility of the reactor was tested and found to be adequate for kinetic study. The effects of TEA and temperature were studied with the multisite model that assumes a multiplicity of active sites. It was found that the productivity increased with Al/Ti molar ratio while initial activity leveled off. The deactivation rate, after an initial increase, Al/Ti molar that assumes a multiplicity of active sites. It was found that the productivity increase, decreased with Al/Ti. This corresponded with a transition in deactivation order: below Al/Ti = 70, first-order deactivation was predominant; above Al/Ti = 70, second-order deactivation was predominant. The second-order deactivation reactions were made less disperse at higher Al/Ti. Molecular weight of the polyethylene was very high (> 1,000,000) indicating negligible transfer reactions. For Al/Ti > 130 a monomer sorption limitation for polymerization was found. The effect of temperature was also studied with a maximum in productivity at 55°C for Al/Ti = 98.0 and no maximum when Al/Ti = 53.0. Apparent activation energies (E_a) for activity were found to be 19.5 ±3.3 kJ/mol at Al/Ti = 98.0 and 9.3±1.1 kJ/mol at Al/Ti = 53.0. for deactivation E_a was found to be 36.6±5.0 kJ/mol at Al/Ti = 98.0 and–15.5± 4.4 kJ/ mol at Al/Ti = 53.0. Temperature increased the dispersity of second-order deactivation reactions. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.