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氧化石墨烯作为一种独特的碳纳米材料,具有很高的比表面积,且其表面含有丰富的羟基、羧基等含氧基团,被认为是一种得天独厚的吸附材料,在净化水体方面有着广阔的发展前景。目前,为进一步提高氧化石墨烯对重金属离子的选择吸附性,氧化石墨烯被辅之以其他功能化材料,来制备复合材料。此外,膜分离技术在解决水环境问题上效果显著,因此将氧化石墨烯复合材料与膜分离技术相结合,来制备氧化石墨烯复合膜,对净化水体起到了事半功倍的效果。本文综述了氧化石墨烯复合膜材料的制备方法,并对其去除水中重金属离子的研究进展与吸附机理进行了综述,也对后续研究方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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采用浸没沉淀-相转化法制备了磺化氧化石墨烯/聚砜(SGO/PSf)复合膜,对SGO/PSf复合膜的亲水性、纯水通量、孔隙率、表面Zeta电位、膜断面和表面形貌进行测定。为了分析SGO/PSf复合膜的抗污染性能,采用自制牛血清白蛋白(BSA)探针,借助原子力显微镜(AFM)测定了SGO/PSf复合膜与BSA之间的黏附力。结果表明,由于SGO与聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)的协同作用,SGO含量为0.5wt%的SGO/PSf复合膜的表面自由能最大(114.47 mJ/m2),亲水性最好,对BSA的截留率为97.5%,污染恢复率达到80.06%。BSA与SGO含量为0.5wt%的SGO/PSf复合膜之间的黏附力最小(-0.61 mN/m),说明SGO含量为0.5wt%的SGO/PSf复合膜的抗污染能力最强。 相似文献
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氧化石墨烯(GO)是一种性能良好的光热转换材料,广泛用于海水淡化、光电转换和太阳能利用等领域。为了测试GO负载无纺布膜(GO膜)和聚乙烯醇-氧化石墨烯无纺布复合膜(PVA-GO复合膜)的光热水蒸发特性,通过改进Hummers方法制备GO,选取了纤维素和聚酯类型的无纺布,通过浸泡-超声法制得GO膜和PVA-GO复合膜。运用紫外-可见-近红外光谱仪分析了GO膜和PVA-GO复合膜的吸光性能,并通过电子天平测量GO膜和PVA-GO复合膜的蒸发水量。由于PVA具有亲水性,能增大膜的吸水性,因而PVA加入会使蒸发水量增大。通过SEM分析GO膜和PVA-GO复合膜表面特征,发现无添加PVA的GO膜是纤维丝状结构,且纤维清晰可见。加入PVA后,纤维被PVA包裹,说明膜对光的吸收能力增强。当加入6wt% PVA时,无纺布纤维被PVA完全包裹。当用氙灯对两种膜进行水蒸发实验时,GO膜的蒸发速率达到了1.67 kg/(m2·h),PVA-GO复合膜的蒸发速率达到了1.85 kg/(m2·h)。此外,GO膜中出现GO层状结构,在紫外-可见-近红外光谱分析中表现出较好的吸光能力,在光热蒸发实验中表现出较好的光热转换能力。PVA-GO复合膜在PVA质量浓度为4wt%时有较好的光热转换性能和吸光性。 相似文献
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He Y Wang R Zhang Q Chen X Li L Hu D 《Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology》2010,10(11):7097-7102
A nano-structured film composed of TiO2 and reduced graphite oxide (GO) was synthesized on ITO glass via a typical electrochemical route. A mixed solvent of Ti(SO4)2 and GO was prepared, with the addition of H2O2, HNO3 and DMF at different ratio. A setup of two electrodes of ITO glass in a plastic cell and an electrochemical analyzer is used for the film forming. The film is characterized with a microstructure of GO plates being perpendicular to the glass substrate, since GO in the electrolyte solvent is separated as small plates at about several nanometers in diameter. TiO2 is found being deposited between these GO plates. This microstructure is quite different from the film formed by normal deposition, where the GO plates are generally parallel to the substrate. The oxygen containing groups of C=O, C-O-C and C-OH on the GO surface are reduced because of neighboring to TiO2, it means two phases being bonded to each other at the interface. The photoelectric current of the composite film is compared with the pure TiO2 film, the former one is almost one time higher than the latter one. The degradation of methyl orange of two kinds of film is also analyzed under the irradiation of ultraviolet light. The photocatalytic activity of two kinds of film presents the same trend of variation as that of photoelectric current. These results suggest that the photoexcited electrons of TiO2 may quickly transfer to the glass substrate through the reduced GO neighbor, that owns a better conductivity, and so far decrease the recovery of excited electron-hole. The unordinary microstructure of the composite film may favor both to the electron transmission between the GO and ITO glass substrate, and to the light excitation of TiO2. The microstructure of different films was studies by AFM, XPS, FESEM. The photo-electrochemical property was measured by an electrochemical instrument Model CHI660C with Blupoint4 as a UV light source. 相似文献
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为了提高聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)膜的疏水性和抗生物污染性能,以氧化石墨烯(GO)和膨润土为改性材料制备PVDF复合膜,并对其进行膜通量、截留率、拉伸强度、亲水性、孔隙率及抗生物污染性能研究。结果表明,当GO添加量为0.6%,复合膜的各项性能达到最佳;添加膨润土可以提高复合膜亲水性、拉伸强度、膜通量和截留率,但会导致孔隙率有所下降。此外,还以铜绿假单胞菌为研究对象,研究了复合膜的抗生物污染和抑菌性能,结果表明,复合膜的生物污染过程明显降低,且细菌生长缓慢,说明复合膜具有减缓生物污染的作用,具有一定的抑菌性。 相似文献
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以可再生资源木质素磺酸钙和聚乙烯醇(PVA)为基料制备力学性能良好的木质素/PVA复合膜.采用单因素试验,研究了各因素对木质素/PVA复合膜力学性能及耐水性的影响.研究结果表明:甲醛、尿素和硼砂对复合膜力学性能和吸水率有显著影响.甲醛用量10g、尿素用量7g、硼砂用量2.5g时,复合膜的综合性能较好. 相似文献
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FeCuNbSiB/丁基橡胶复合薄膜压磁性能的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用模压成型法制备了Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9非晶粉体/丁基橡胶和Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5 B9纳米晶粉体/丁基橡胶复合薄膜,采用4284A阻抗分析仪在20~50℃测试温度范围内研究了复合薄膜的压磁性能.结果表明,复合薄膜在<0.09MPa微应力、低于200kHz测试频率下压磁性能最好;升高测试温度使复合薄膜的压磁性能增加,非晶粉体/丁基橡胶复合薄膜在40℃时压磁性能最好,纳米晶粉体/丁基橡胶复合薄膜在50℃时压磁性能最好;在相同条件下,非晶粉体/丁基橡胶复合薄膜的压磁性能优于纳米晶粉体/丁基橡胶复合薄膜. 相似文献
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采用水热法制备Ag@AgCl溶胶,并采用静电自组装技术在石英基片上通过交替提拉氧化石墨烯(GO)和Ag@AgCl溶胶,制备Ag@AgCl/GO复合薄膜并用做表面增强拉曼光谱基底。采用SEM、XRD、EDS、UV-Vis以及共聚焦激光拉曼光谱测试仪对复合薄膜的结构及性能进行表征。结果表明,通过静电自组装法可以获得结构稳定,性能优异的薄膜。Ag@AgCl/GO复合薄膜除了对罗丹明6G具有优异的表面增强拉曼散射性能外(拉曼增强因子可达107数量级),由于AgCl的引入使体系具有优异的光催化降解性能,可以实现Ag@AgCl/GO表面增强拉曼光谱基底的循环利用。 相似文献