SBR脱氮工艺探讨

SBR污水处理工艺技术中,对脱氮的过程进行分析和处理,提高污水处理的效率,使其达到更高的水质标准。提供生物脱氮的最佳运行条件,使其达到脱氮的效果。提高污水处理的程度,满足污水处理的技术要求。     

固定生物膜-活性污泥脱氮工艺研究进展与应用

固定生物膜-活性污泥工艺(IFAS)能够显著加强硝化作用,而将部分亚硝化/厌氧氨氧化(PN/A)脱氮途径引入IFAS工艺对节省能耗,生态可持续脱氮有重要意义.围绕两种配置的IFAS工艺脱氮问题,总结了前人的研究进展,探讨了溶解氧浓度、C/N比、水力停留时间、填充比、泥龄等控制因素对脱氮效果的影响,整理说明了国内外部分I...     

流速对环流式活性污泥-生物膜组合工艺除磷脱氮性能的影响

为探索抵抗小城镇水质波动的冲击开发环流式活性污泥-生物膜组合工艺(CASBS)的新技术抗冲击负荷机理,结合流速对CASBS功能分区的影响研究CASBS除磷脱氮性能。结果表明,流速直接影响CASBS脱氮除磷功能区大小,当外环平均水流速度为0.15 m/s时,即使进水水质波动很大,出水也能稳定达到GB 18918-2002一级A标准。当进水COD和TN、氨氮、TP的质量浓度分别为132～521mg/L和10.05～62.24、32.17～71.08、2.88～8.26mg/L,平均去除率分别为95.22%和80.44%、93.77%、93.73%。     

脉冲式SBR法深度脱氮工艺及其控制

在采用脉冲式SBR法处理城镇生活污水时,通过考察硝化-投加原水-反硝化-硝化-投加乙醇-反硝化这一反复过程,探求了DO、ORP和pH的变化规律,发现这些控制变量与有机物的去除及脱氮(硝化与反硝化)处理过程中各指标之间有很好的相关性.通过改变进水方式和进水量,充分利用原水中有机碳源,减少曝气时间,尽可能减少外碳源的投加量,既可以降低运行成本,又可以严格控制出水中的CODCr、氨氮和TN.结果表明,当进水CODCr在72.18～330.8 mg/L,NH4 -N在56.29～61.86 mg/L,在原水中反硝化碳源充足的情况下,采用脉冲式SBR法处理污水,反硝化结束时最终出水CODCr＜60mh/L,NH;-N＜0.92 ms/L,TN＜1.22 ms/L.     

SBR脱氮工艺自控技术的设计与讨论

介绍传统SBR污水处理系统的运行情况及存在问题,通过在原有序批式反应器工艺基础上,设计出一套智能化的时序控制系统,通过计算将污水水质与SBR池内的污泥浓度进行联锁,实现自定义处理水量设定;通过氧化还原电位+溶解氧的监控数值,与风机、循环泵的运行进行数据联锁,实现根据反应完成程度自定义机泵的开、停;通过在线浊度检测与滗水器联锁,实现处理合格后的自动排放等,使运行周期缩短了1.3h,提高单池处理负荷4%。     

SBR脱氮工艺自控技术的设计与讨论

介绍传统SBR污水处理系统的运行情况及存在问题,通过在原有序批式反应器工艺基础上,设计出一套智能化的时序控制系统,通过计算将污水水质与SBR池内的污泥浓度进行联锁,实现自定义处理水量设定;通过氧化还原电位+溶解氧的监控数值,与风机、循环泵的运行进行数据联锁,实现根据反应完成程度自定义机泵的开、停;通过在线浊度检测与滗水器联锁,实现处理合格后的自动排放等,使运行周期缩短了1.3h,提高单池处理负荷4％.     

生物膜填料安装方式对环流式活性污泥-生物膜工艺运行性能的影响

在分析生物膜系统对环流反应器潜在影响的基础上,采用对比试验方法研究了固定式生物填料和悬浮式生物填料对环流式活性污泥-生物膜组合工艺(CASBS)反应器流速、DO含量分布及除磷脱氮性能的影响。结果表明,固定式填料系统的水流阻力大于悬浮式填料系统,但是固定式填料系统在挂膜性能和DO分布上优于悬浮式填料。从处理能力上来看,固定式填料系统具有更好的除磷脱氮效果。当进水COD和氨氮、TN、TP的质量浓度分别为127～756mg/L和14.05～58.22、27.60～65.25、1.26～6.44 mg/L时,固定式填料的CASBS反应器出水能够达到GB 18918-2002一级A要求,平均去除率分别为94.2%和95.4%、79.4%、93.2%。     

简述某低碳氮比污水处理厂脱氮工艺调控策略

针对昆明市某低碳氮比污水处理厂脱氮效率低、碳源依赖大的问题,通过开展相关生产性试验,总结出了提高反硝化效果的工艺调控措施。研究结果表明：在接种置换活性污泥、提高系统污泥活性的情况下,采取好氧区溶解氧分区调控、内回流比提升至300%左右、污泥浓度控制在3500 mg/L左右的工艺调控措施,能实现不外投碳源的情况下出水水质稳定达标,解决了该污水处理厂碳源成本高的问题,也为其他低碳氮比污水处理厂脱氮工艺调控提供借鉴。     

CAST工艺强化脱氮的设计改进

针对CAST工艺脱氮效率及同步硝化反硝化受碳源、生物絮体大小、溶解氧等因素的影响,以华北某污水处理厂为研究对象,结合污水处理厂运行现状,比较了CAST工艺强化脱氮等不同方案,提出了采用AO/SBR工艺作为该污水处理厂的升级改造工艺。运行结果表明,出水水质可以达到GB 18918—2002《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》一级B标准。     

污泥厌氧水解与短程硝化反硝化耦合工艺处理低碳氮比城市污水

为处理低碳氮比城市污水,在30~35℃、不调节pH值(7.01~8.33)的条件下,通过人为添加氨氮控制游离氨浓度(25mg·L-1),在SBR中6d内成功启动了短程硝化反硝化。对比实验结果表明,短程硝化反硝化在处理低C/N比城市污水时的总氮脱除效果要优于传统的全程硝化反硝化,当反应器运行稳定后,溶解氧的浓度和高游离氨不再是影响NO2--N浓度累积的主要因素,NO2--N/NOx--N始终保持在80%以上。为了进一步提高短程硝化反硝化的脱氮效率,利用污泥厌氧水解产物替代10%进水,为反硝化阶段提供附加的部分碳源,两工艺联合后处理效果良好,出水TN平均浓度和去除率分别为13.39mg·L-1和74.9%,出水水质符合排放标准的要求。     

悬浮填料床同步硝化反硝化脱氮试验研究

在好氧条件下,向反应器中装填悬浮填料进行脱氮试验,考察生物膜法对氨氮和总氮的去除效果.结果表明：DO为3.0 mg.L-1时,氨氮平均去除率达到89.52％、总氮平均去除率达到29.46％.在好氧条件下,生物膜脱氮效果明显,硝酸盐氮的积累使反硝化过程成为脱氮的制约因素之一.     

不同碳源对冷轧不锈钢废水生物脱氮的影响研究

本文以SBR为主体处理过程,对分别以葡萄糖、甲醇、乙酸为碳源时反硝化脱氮过程进行研究,结果表明,以乙酸为碳源的SBR系统在水力停留时间为2.5 d时,NO3-N脱氮速率和去除率可达16.67 mg NO3-N/(L.h)和94.7%,可实现高浓度硝酸根废水处理出水硝酸氮浓度小于50 mg/L。     

A/SBR工艺在处理氮肥厂污水中的运行控制

针对氮肥厂污水处理原A2/O工艺无法使废水达到环保排放要求的情况,采用A/SBR工艺进行处理,处理过程中要通过严格控制工艺参数,可实现排水总氮≤15 mg/L,使污水达到排放标准。     

A/O/ASBR同步脱氮除磷实验研究

采用人工配水,通过控制进水p H值为7.5~8.2、DO为0.4~0.7 mg/L、污泥龄9~13天等实验条件,经过两个阶段共46d的驯化培养,在厌氧/好氧/缺氧(A/O/A)SBR反应器内实现短程同步硝化反硝化与除磷过程的耦合。系统稳定运行后,对一个典型周期内水质的变化情况进行了测定和分析,系统对COD、NH+4-N、TN、TP的去除率分别为94.8%、97.6%、89.4%、93.1%。在此基础上,探讨了不同进水p H、不同曝气量对系统运行稳定性的影响。结果表明:随着p H的改变,系统对去除氮、磷的稳定性呈现不同的变化趋势;而过高的曝气量,会造成系统内的短程硝化向全程硝化转变。     

Effects of influent C/N ratio,C/P ratio and volumetric exchange ratio on biological phosphorus removal in UniFed SBR process

BACKGROUND: UniFed SBR is a novel process that can achieve high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus removal simultaneously in a simple single SBR tank. In this study, effects of influent C/N ratio, influent C/P ratio and volumetric exchange ratio on biological phosphorus removal in UniFed SBR process were investigated in a lab‐scale UniFed apparatus treating real domestic wastewater. RESULTS: The results showed that phosphorus removal efficiency increased as C/N ratio increased from 27% at 2.8 to 88% at 5.7. For C/N ratios 6.5 and above, complete phosphorus removal could be achieved. When C/N ratios and volumetric exchange ratio were fixed at 6 and 33%, respectively, phosphorus removal efficiency remained at 100% for C/P ratios higher than 33; effluent phosphate concentration was below the detection limit. For C/P ratios lower than 33, phosphorus removal efficiency decreased linearly with C/P ratio. Under the same influent C/N ratio and C/P ratio, the following factors all contributed to better phosphorus removal performance: greater volumetric exchange ratio; more organic substrate for PAOs to utilize, less inhibition by NO_x^? of phosphorus release during the feed/decant period; more PHB synthesized; and more aerobic phosphate uptake. CONCLUSION: High influent C/N ratio, high C/P ratio and high volumetric exchange ratio were beneficial to phosphorus removal in this process. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

城镇污水采用活性污泥法除磷脱氮工艺探讨

近年来,随着洗涤剂的广泛使用,废水中氮、磷的含量明显增加,引起水体富营养化加剧,因此,必须有效提高城镇污水处理厂氮和磷的去除。对多种除磷脱氮的活性污泥法,包括氧化沟工艺。A^2／O工艺、UCT工艺等,进行比较与分析,结果表明,UCT工艺比较适合除磷脱氮要求较高的污水处理厂应用。     

Biological Nutrient Removal in a Full Scale Anoxic/Anaerobic/Aerobic/ Pre-anoxic-MBR Plant for Low C/N Ratio Municipal Wastewater Treatment

A novel full scale modified A2O （anoxic/anaerobic/aerobic/pre-anoxic）-membrane bioreactor （MBR） plant combined with the step feed strategy was operated to improve the biological nutrient removal （BNR） from low C/N ratio municipal wastewater in Southern China. Transformation of organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, and membrane fouling were investigated. Experimental results for over four months demonstrated good efficiencies for chemical oxygen demand （COD） and NH4^＋-N removal, with average values higher than 84.5%and 98.1%, re-spectively. A relatively higher total nitrogen （TN） removal efficiency （52.1%） was also obtained at low C/N ratio of 3.82, contributed by the configuration modification （anoxic zone before anaerobic zone） and the step feed with a distribution ratio of 1：1. Addition of sodium acetate into the anoxic zone as the external carbon source, with a theoretical amount of 31.3 mg COD per liter in influent, enhanced denitrification and the TN removal efficiency in-creased to 74.9%. Moreover, the total phosphate （TP） removal efficiency increased by 18.0%. It is suggested that the external carbon source is needed to improve the BNR performance in treating low C/N ratio municipal waste-water in the modified A^2O-MBR process.     

碳氮比对AAO泥水回流工艺处理焦化废水的影响

采用AAO泥水回流工艺处理焦化废水,研究了进水碳氮比（C／N）对COD、氨氮及TN去除率的影响。研究表明,进水碳氮比（C/N）在12—25范围内,厌氧滤池COD去除率和氨化率分别达到37％和30％;缺氧进水碳氮比（C／N）控制在5．3-11．9范围内,MO泥水回流系统去除COD与氨氮效果的影响不明显,平均去除率分别为89．6％和95．2％;缺氧进水碳氮比（C/N）控制在7．5～8．6范围内,系统具有较好的TN去除率,平均值为72．2％。出水COD和NH3-N均能够达到污水综合排放标准中的二级标准。     

SBR法处理垃圾渗滤液的反硝化过程中NO~-_2积累的研究

The nitrite accumulation in the denitrification process is investigated with sequencing batch reactor (SBR) treating pre-treated landfill leachate in anoxic/anaerobic up-flow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB). Nitrite accumulates obviously at different initial nitrate concentrations (64.9,54.8,49.3 and 29.5 mg•L－1) and low temperatures, and the two break points on the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) profile indicate the completion of nitrate and nitrite reduction. Usually, the nitrate reduction rate is used as the sole parameter to characterize the denitrification rate, and nitrite is not even measured. For accuracy, the total oxidized nitrogen (nitrate + nitrite) is used as a measure, though details characterizing the process may be overlooked. Additionally, batch tests are conducted to investigate the effects of C/N ratios and types of carbon sources on the nitrite accumulation during the denitrification. It is observed that carbon source is sufficient for the reduction of nitrate to nitrite, but for further reduction of nitrite to nitrogen gas, is deficient when C/N is below the theoretical critical level of 3.75 based on the stoichiometry of denitrification. Five carbon sources used in this work, except for glucose, may cause the nitrite accumulation. From experimental results and cited literature, it is concluded that Alcaligene species may be contained in the SBR activated-sludge system.