MOFs材料改性及其吸附二氧化碳的研究进展

化石燃料燃烧后产生的二氧化碳气体的大量排放引起了人们的极大关注.CO2吸附捕获具有技术可靠、成本低等特点,应用前景广阔.金属有机骨架材料(MOFs)具有良好的化学稳定性和热稳定性,以及独特微孔结构而成为一种高效的CO2吸附材料.重点介绍了使用MOFs进行CO2吸附捕集的最新研究进展,总结了MOFs材料的制备、改性方法及...     

MOFs基材料对金属离子吸附分离的研究进展

金属有机框架(MOFs)基功能材料在金属离子吸附等方面具有重要的应用价值和前景。通过表面改性或功能化MOFs可得到对不同离子响应的高效吸附材料，这种响应是依靠MOFs材料的本身优良属性或与改性材料之间的协同作用，进而充分发挥各组分的优势实现不同金属离子的吸附分离。介绍了MOF基吸附材料的类型、制备方法以及其对金属离子吸附的研究进展，并对功能化的MOFs材料的研究方向进行了展望。     

石墨烯及其复合材料对水中重金属离子的吸附性能研究

石墨烯作为一种新型的碳纳米材料,具有独特的物理化学性质如高的机械强度、良好的稳定性、超大的比表面积及极强的表面化学活性等,使得石墨烯成为一种得天独厚的吸附材料。综述了石墨烯及其复合材料的制备方法,并对其在去除水中重金属离子的研究进展与吸附机理方面进行了综述,最后对石墨烯及其复合材料的后续研究方向进行了展望。     

MOFs材料合成及其对有机气体吸附研究进展

讨论了金属有机骨架(MOFs)材料的不同合成方法,并结合国内外研究现状分别分析了IRMOFs、MILs、ZIFs和PCN等系列MOFs材料对有机气体吸附的研究进展,比较其性能及分析研究中的难点,对MOFs材料在有机气体吸附领域的应用进行了展望。     

Fe基MOFs及其复合材料自组装与性能研究进展

金属-有机骨架(metal-organic frameworks, MOFs)是一种通过有机配体连接的新兴多孔材料,在气体储存、药物运输、催化和化学传感等方面存在广泛的应用前景。概述了基于密度泛函理论(density functional theory, DFT)与机器学习(machine learning, ML)相结合预测与设计Fe基MOFs的最新研究进展,详细描述了当前主要的Fe基MOFs材料的合成方法,指出了该类材料的晶体结构及配位环境特点。通过将纳米粉体与Fe基MOFs材料相结合的方式对Fe基复合材料的合成方法进行概括。总结了Fe-MOFs及其复合材料在电催化固氮、吸附、导电、催化等性能的应用,并指出了当前Fe-MOFs及其复合材料在发展中存在的不足。最后,对Fe基MOFs及其复合材料进行总结与展望。     

氮化碳基纳米复合材料在重金属去除方面研究进展

石墨相氮化碳材料作为一种重要的二维层状材料, 在光催化、能源存储和环境污染治理等领域引起了广泛关注。氮化碳基复合材料以其稳定的物理化学性质、低成本和环境友好等特点成为不同领域的研究热点。在过去几年中, 氮化碳及其氮化碳基复合材料的制备、性质表征和不同领域应用取得了重要进展。本文总结了近几年氮化碳基复合材料的制备及掺杂和功能化研究, 及其在重金属离子废水中的去除应用, 以及不同研究方法对吸附机理的分析。最后还总结了氮化碳基材料在未来研究和应用中面临的主要问题、挑战和机遇。     

基于MOFs超级电容器电极材料研究进展

超级电容器作为一类新型能源转化存储元件,在能源需求迫切增长的今天备受瞩目,而电极材料的研发则对超级电容器最终性能起着至关重要的作用。金属有机骨架(MOFs)因具备比表面积可观,活性位点丰富,孔径分布可控,易于合成等显著优势,可作为一种优良的电极材料。分别就MOFs, MOFs衍生物以及MOFs复合材料在超级电容器领域的最新研究进展进行了阐述,并展望了MOFs基电极材料未来的研究方向。     

氮化碳基纳米复合材料在重金属去除方面研究进展（英文）

石墨相氮化碳材料作为一种重要的二维层状材料,在光催化、能源存储和环境污染治理等领域引起了广泛关注。氮化碳基复合材料以其稳定的物理化学性质、低成本和环境友好等特点成为不同领域的研究热点。在过去几年中,氮化碳及其氮化碳基复合材料的制备、性质表征和不同领域应用取得了重要进展。本文总结了近几年氮化碳基复合材料的制备及掺杂和功能化研究,及其在重金属离子废水中的去除应用,以及不同研究方法对吸附机理的分析。最后还总结了氮化碳基材料在未来研究和应用中面临的主要问题、挑战和机遇。     

MOFs及衍生复合材料在锂硫电池中的设计应用

在能源危机与环境问题日益凸显的背景下,电化学储能技术得到了迅速发展。在“超越锂”储能领域的竞争者中,锂硫电池(Li-S)因其具有高理论比容量、高质量能量密度并且环境友好、价格低廉等优点,成为最有前途的新储能技术。但是,锂硫电池的发展仍存在一些瓶颈问题需要解决,例如正极材料导电性能差、多硫化物穿梭效应及在充放电过程中电极体积膨胀等。作为锂硫电池的关键组成部分,电极和隔膜材料的设计和制备对解决这些问题及电池整体性能提升起到了重要的作用。金属有机骨架(MOFs)及衍生的复合材料作为锂硫电池电极或隔膜修饰材料,具有质量轻、电子和离子传导性好、孔道丰富和活性位点均匀分布等优势。此外,这类复合材料还具备形貌和组分可控、来源丰富和孔径可调等特性,从而便于机制研究。本文全面介绍了锂硫电池组成、工作原理并综述了近几年MOFs及衍生复合材料在锂硫电池中的研究进展,重点讨论了其在正极材料和隔膜材料中的应用,并对未来该材料在锂硫电池研究方向上的前景和突破进行了展望。      

有机-无机复合材料在水中重金属吸附领域的研究进展

水中重金属的处理方法多样如物理化学法、化学沉淀法和生物净化法等,其中吸附法因其材料来源广、操作简单、成本低等优点得到了广泛应用,而吸附材料是吸附法处理水中重金属污染的核心要素.详细表述了重金属吸附材料的分类和研究进展,尤其是以某种方式结合而成的新型有机-无机复合材料;阐述了有机-无机复合材料在重金属吸附方面的应用前景,...     

An evaluation of hydroxyapatite-based filters for removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions

Three hydroxyapatite(HA)-based materials have been investigated with respect to their potential for removing heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. The materials have been evaluated as both loose powders and in the form of ceramic foams. The results have shown that all three grades of HA were found to be capable of removing a number of different ionic species although the more impure grades generally yielded the best performance. It is believed that the increased impurity levels resulted in increased numbers of lattice defects which were ideal adsorption/exchange sites. 100% removal could be achieved for some ions under the correct experimental conditions. For the ceramic foam filters, the optimum filtration parameters were found to be a high surface area, long filtration times, a low pH and a high filtrate temperature. Ion adsorption was positively detected as a mechanism of ion removal. Ion exchange was not observed but could not be completely ruled out.     

Biosorption of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution by red macroalgae

Biosorption is an effective process for the removal and recovery of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. The biomass of marine algae has been reported to have high biosorption capacities for a number of heavy metal ions. In this study, four species of red seaweeds Corallina mediterranea, Galaxaura oblongata, Jania rubens and Pterocladia capillacea were examined to remove Co(II), Cd(II), Cr(III) and Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution. The experimental parameters that affect the biosorption process such as pH, contact time and biomass dosage were studied. The maximum biosorption capacity of metal ions was 105.2mg/g at biomass dosage 10 g/L, pH 5 and contact time 60 min. The biosorption efficiency of algal biomass for the removal of heavy metal ions from industrial wastewater was evaluated for two successive cycles. Galaxaura oblongata biomass was relatively more efficient to remove metal ions with mean biosorption efficiency of 84%. This study demonstrated that these seaweeds constitute a promising, efficient, cheap and biodegradable sorbent biomaterial for lowering the heavy metal pollution in the environment.     

Efficient removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution using salicylic acid type chelate adsorbent

In this study, 5-aminosalicylic acid was successfully grafted onto the poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) macromolecular chains of PGMA/SiO₂ to obtain a novel adsorbent designated as ASA-PGMA/SiO₂. The adsorption properties of ASA-PGMA/SiO₂ for heavy metal ions were studied through batch and column methods. The experimental results showed that ASA-PGMA/SiO₂ possesses strong chelating adsorption ability for heavy metal ions, and its adsorption capacity for Cu²⁺, Cd²⁺, Zn²⁺, and Pb²⁺ reaches 0.42, 0.40, 0.35, and 0.31 mmol g⁻¹, respectively. In addition, pH has a great influence on the adsorption capacity in the studied pH range. The adsorption isotherm data greatly obey the Langmuir and Freundlich model. The desorption of metal ions from ASA-PGMA/SiO₂ is effective using 0.1 mol l⁻¹ of hydrochloric acid solution as eluent. Consecutive adsorption-desorption experiments showed that ASA-PGMA/SiO₂ could be reused almost without any loss in the adsorption capacity.     

Selective removal of heavy metal ions in aqueous solutions by sulfide-selector intercalated layered double hydroxide adsorbent

Remaining largely under-appreciated, a majority of metal ion sorbents are limited in their target selectivity. In this work, a 3D sulfide intercalated NiFe-layered double hydroxide (NFL-S) hierarchical sorbent has been synthesized for selective heavy metal removal. The intercalation of sulfurated groups in the interlayer of the layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanosheets endows NFL-S as a selective heavy metal ion filter; the selectivity of NFL-S for heavy metals is in the order of Pb²⁺ > Cu²⁺ ≥ Zn²⁺ > Cd²⁺> Mn²⁺, and NFL-S has high k_d values for Pb²⁺ (∼10⁶ mL/g) and Cu²⁺ (∼10⁵ mL/g). Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction were used to analyze the composition of the as-prepared nanoadsorbent. The selective adsorption behavior was systematically studied using batch experiments, and the performance was evaluated through kinetic and isotherm studies. Moreover, the adsorption mechanism of heavy metals by NFL-S through surface complexation was also investigated, which shows great potential for water decontamination.     

石墨烯复合材料对水中金属离子的吸附研究进展

石墨烯是一种新型的纳米材料,具有一些独特的物理和化学性质,如高机械强度、良好的导电导热性、比表面积、化学稳定性好等。关于石墨烯的应用涉及到电子、信息、能源、材料、催化和生物医药等多个领域。概述了近年来石墨烯复合材料在水处理过程中对重金属离子的吸附研究,内容有石墨烯复合材料的制备及它们的吸附效果、吸附机理、吸附动力学、热力学,并就今后石墨烯复合材料在水处理过程中的应用进行了展望。     

Adsorption of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution by crosslinked carboxymethyl konjac glucomannan

Crosslinked carboxymethyl konjac glucomannan (CMKGM) with degrees of substitution (DS) 0.265 and 0.550 were prepared through reaction of monochloroacetic acid (MCA), konjac glucomannan (KGM) and epichlorohydrin and used to adsorb Cu(2+), Pb(2+) and Cd(2+) ions from the aqueous solutions. Regardless of the metal ion species, the adsorption capacity rapidly reached equilibrium within 20min and adsorption followed second-order kinetic equation. The effect of pH on adsorption was apparent, the appropriate range was 5-6. The adsorptions of three metal ions are well followed as the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity (Q(m)) and Langmuir constant (b) of CMKGM (DS=0.550) for Pb(2+) were 41.7mg/g and 0.305mg/L. These values were higher than those for Cu(2+) and Cd(2+). Among the tested ions, the order of adsorption capacity was Pb(2+)>Cu(2+)>Cd(2+) in mass basis. The regeneration study indicates that CMKGM could be used repeatedly without significantly changing their adsorption capacities and desorption percentage.     

Characterization of chemically modified corncobs and its application in the removal of metal ions from aqueous solution

The objective of this work was to convert corncobs to activated carbon by low temperature chemical treatment for removing copper from wastewater. The parameters for developing a new adsorbent i.e. sorption capacity, selectivity, regenerability, suspension test, and kinetics were investigated. All studies were performed in batch experiments. Removal of copper from aqueous solutions varied with the amount of adsorbent, metal ion concentration, agitation time, solution pH and the species of copper present. It was found that the effect of temperature was very small. The Langmuir model was found to best fit the equilibrium isotherm data. Kinetics of copper removal at two different temperatures obeyed Lagergren pseudo-first-order equation. Effect of water hardness, other cations (Pb(2+) and Zn(2+)) on copper removal was also studied. Experiments with anionic and cationic complexes of copper showed that anionic copper species are not removed at all by the prepared material. To observe the nature of surface and pore structure scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of modified corncobs were used. To study the interaction forces between the adsorbent and the metal ion functional group analysis with infrared spectroscopy and proximate analysis were carried out. In addition, recovery of the metals ion and regeneration of spent adsorbent was possible by acidified hydrogen peroxide. Since the uptake capacity of the prepared adsorbent is 26mg Cu/g for copper, it can be a potential adsorbent for removing and recovering other heavy metal ions from contaminated wastewaters. The sorption capacity of the treated corncobs for copper was better than the reported capacity of other activated carbons prepared from agricultural sources.     

Effective heavy metal removal from aqueous systems by thiol functionalized magnetic mesoporous silica

A thiol-functionalized magnetic mesoporous silica material (called SH-mSi@Fe₃O₄), synthesized by a modified Stöber method, has been investigated as a convenient and effective adsorbent for heavy metal ions. Structural characterization by powder X-ray diffraction, N₂ adsorption-desorption isotherm, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and elemental analyses confirms the mesoporous structure and the organic moiety content of this adsorbent. The high saturation magnetization (38.4 emu/g) make it easier and faster to be separated from water under a moderate magnetic field. Adsorption kinetics was elucidated by pseudo-second-order kinetic equation and exhibited 3-stage intraparticle diffusion mode. Adsorption isotherms of Hg and Pb fitted well with Langmuir model, exhibiting high adsorption capacity of 260 and 91.5 mg of metal/g of adsorbent, respectively. The distribution coefficients of the tested metal ions between SH-mSi@Fe₃O₄ and different natural water sources (groundwater, lake water, tap water and river water) were above the level of 10⁵ mL/g. The material was very stable in different water matrices, even in strong acid and alkaline solutions. Metal-loaded SH-mSi@Fe₃O₄ was able to regenerate in acid solution under ultrasonication. This novel SH-mSi@Fe₃O₄ is suitable for repeated use in heavy metal removal from different water matrices.     

Removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions using various low-cost adsorbents

The removal of single heavy metals Co and Zn from aqueous solutions using various low-cost adsorbents (Fe(2)O(3), Fe(3)O(4), FeS, steel wool, Mg pellets, Cu pellets, Zn pellets, Al pellets, Fe pellets, coal, and GAC) was investigated. Experiments were performed at different solution pH values (1.5-9) and metal concentrations (0.67-333 mg/l). The effect of solution pH on metal adsorption using Fe(2)O(3) and Fe(3)O(4) was significant, but was negligibly small using steel wool, Mg pellets, Fe pellets, and Al pellets over the entire pH range. Steel wool and Mg pellets were the most excellent adsorbents; for example, the removal of Zn and Co from dilute solutions (<35 mg/l) was greater than 94% at an adsorbent dose of 1.7 g/l. A mass transfer model, which involves two parameters tau (50% breakthrough time) and k (proportionality constant), was proposed to describe breakthrough data of Co in the fixed beds packed with steel wool and Mg pellets. The calculated breakthrough curves agreed well with the measured data (standard deviation < 6%). The value of tau decreased with increasing the flow rate. The effects of flow rates on the value of k and adsorption capacity are discussed.