不同产地的香茅油化学成分分析研究

采用气质联用仪对不同产地的香茅油进行化学成分分析,并与现有文献比对。结果表明:广西防城本地及泰国香茅油为柠檬型,主要化学成分都是β-月桂烯、橙花醛、香叶醛;缅甸香茅油为爪哇型,主要化学成分为香茅醛、香茅醇、香叶醇、榄香醇;各地同一类型精油成分及其相对含量(峰面积相对百分比)有明显差异,且爪哇型香茅油质量多项指标达不到标准QB/T1033-2011及ISO 3848:2001的要求。     

从香茅醛合成香茅醇的研究

一、前言香料工业需要的香茅醇是无色透明液体,折光率n_D~20=1.454～1.456,有似玫瑰样香气,总醇量为96～98％,能用于配制香水香精,皂用和化妆品用香精以及食品香精。本研究以天然香茅油中分离所得的香茅醛为原料,合成香茅醇,为工业生产装置的设计提供依据。我区有丰富的香茅油资源,把香茅油加工成系列产品以满足国内外市场的要求具有较大的经济效益。     

采收和存放时间对柠檬香茅得油率及其挥发油主成分的影响

为了研究在不同的采收月份和存放时间条件下柠檬香茅得油率及其挥发油主成分的变化情况,采用水蒸气蒸馏法对不同采收月份、不同存放时间的柠檬香茅测定得油率,利用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)对柠檬香茅油的化学成分进行分析,峰面积归一化法定量,观察采收月份以及存放时间对柠檬香茅挥发油成分的影响。试验结果表明:柠檬香茅中的挥发油含量(以绝干计)在9月和12月较高,以9月为最高。柠檬香茅油中的主要成分为月桂烯、橙花醛和香叶醛,相对质量分数均大于10%;橙花醛和香叶醛的总相对质量分数从3月(68.02%)到9月(76.16%)呈增加趋势;柠檬香茅草存放30~40 d时,绝干得油率以及柠檬香茅油中的香叶醛和橙花醛含量相对较高。     

季节对柠檬香茅草油得油率和成分的影响研究

采用传统水蒸气蒸馏通过对不同季节的柠檬香茅草进行得油率测定,利用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)分析柠檬香茅油的化学成分,采用GC峰面积归一化法定量,考察了季节对柠檬香茅挥发油成分的影响。实验结果表明:柠檬香茅挥发油含量(绝干计)在9月和12月较高,其中9月的挥发油含量最高。柠檬香茅油中主要组分为月桂烯、橙花醛和香叶醛,含量均大于10%;橙花醛和香叶醛含量从3月到10月呈增加趋势。     

第九届国际精油会议论文摘要(四)

印度尼西亚精油的某些方面印度尼西亚 H.Sastrohamidjojo 本文叙述了有关精油尤其是香茅油、丁香叶油和亚洲薄荷油的主要成分的有效单离和加工方法的深入研究工作。为了使这些成分转化为更有价值的衍生物,我们采用了印尼生产的或容易供应的一些试剂的简单方法。这些产品的纯度用GLC、IR、NMR和MS方法进行核实。香茅醛转化成异胡薄荷醇,香茅醇、乙酸香茅酯、仲原醇—甲基和乙基香茅醇以及羟基香茅醛。还深入研究了“玫     

云南香料精油物性数据的研究

本文利用无限大金属板一维非稳态导热的原理,通过实验和数据处理,得到了云南香茅油及其单离香料香茅醇、香叶醇和香茅醛的导温系数、导热系数、传热膜系数和比热,它们可作为精密精馏塔工艺设计的基础数据。这个方法对于其他香料或有机溶液也是适用的。     

羟基香茅醛肟及其烷基醚的合成与除草活性

将羟基香茅醛(1)与盐酸羟胺反应合成羟基香茅醛肟(2),再与溴代烷反应制得4种羟基香茅醛肟烷基醚(3a～3d),用GC-MS、IR和NMR对产物结构进行了表征.采用平皿法测定了羟基香茅醛肟及其烷基醚在不同浓度下对一年生黑麦草生长的抑制作用,结果表明:化合物3b(0.31 mmol/L)、化合物3c(0.63 mmol/...     

甲氧二氢香茅醛的合成

甲氧二氯香茅醛是一种国内尚未见生产的新香料。本文报道了以香茅醇为起始原料经加成、氧化反应合成甲氧二氢香茅醛的合成工艺路线,该路线具有操作简便,反应条件温和及无需特殊设备的优点。     

胺化法合成羟基香茅醛

羟基香茅醛有多种合成路线，目前多以香茅醛为原料，用亚硫酸氢钠法来合成。此合成方法在生产过程中往往产生大量废酸水难于处理，而用胺化法来合成羟基香茅醛避免了前者不足之处，本文重点介绍胺化法合成工艺。     

蒸馏法对香茅油含量的影响

香茅是一种永久性生长的禾本科植物.这种植物原产于热带地区,尤其是东南亚地区,在我国南方地区也广泛种植.香茅油在工业产品中应用广泛,如驱虫、香料、化妆品、芳香扩散和保健等.本文以香茅油为原料,在实验室规模、改良酒精锅炉和萃取蒸馏机的基础上,研究了不同蒸馏方法对香茅油含量的影响.此外,还对香茅油的开发前景进行了展望.比较三...     

Micro- and nano-encapsulation of limonene and permethrin for mosquito repellent finishing of cotton textiles

Iranian Polymer Journal - The aim of this study was to prepare mosquito repellent textiles. To compare bio-based and synthetic mosquito repellent agents, limonene and permethrin were encapsulated...     

纺织品用驱蚊率的测试方法及其装置

阐述了防蚊与驱蚊的差别,介绍了几种常用的实验室驱蚊率测试装置,设计了一种新的适合纺织品用驱蚊率的测试装置,并介绍了测试方法。     

纺织品用驱蚊率的测试方法及其装置

阐述了防蚊与驱蚊的差别,介绍了几种常用的实验室驱蚊率测试装置,设计了一种新的适合纺织品用驱蚊率的测试装置,并介绍了测试方法。     

驱蚊酯在个人护理化妆品中的药效探讨

目前在个人护理品和家居产品领域,驱蚊产品以实现驱蚊功效为主要卖点,很少考虑对皮肤的保护和护理。因此,在不影响蚊虫驱避效果的基础上考虑产品对皮肤的护理功效是一个重要的开发课题。研究通过选择和调整驱蚊产品的配方原料,从而使产品兼具良好的护肤作用和驱蚊效果,并对成品在中国南北方不同地区的驱蚊功效进行了全面的测试。     

驱蚊贴、驱蚊手环产品质量安全研究

参照相关标准方法对驱蚊贴、驱蚊手环中拟除虫菊酯类、避蚊胺、驱蚊酯、苯系溶剂、香茅醛、香叶醇、香叶醛进行检测。结果表明,检测的35批次样品中有13批次检出有害物质,其中7批次检出驱蚊酯,5批次检出甲苯,1批次检出甲苯和二甲苯,与产品宣称的天然、无毒、安全等信息不符。有关监管部门以及生产企业应重视这类产品的质量安全控制。     

1,8-Cineole (Eucalyptol), a mosquito feeding and ovipositional repellent from volatile oil ofHemizonia fitchii (Asteraceae)

The mosquito feeding and ovipositional repellency of the major monoterpenoid present in the volatile oil ofHemizonia fitchii (Asteraceae), i.e., 1,8-cineole, was investigated. Although 1,8-cineole did not exhibit any significant mosquito larvicidal activity, it was moderately effective as a feeding repellent and highly effective as an ovipositional repellent against adultAedes aegypti (yellow fever mosquito). The ovipositional repellency of 1,8-cineole, coupled with the presence of severalHemizonia chromenes previously shown to possess mosquito larvicidal activity, may therefore account in large part for the observed suppression of local mosquito populations which was associated withH. fitchii plants in northern California.Part III in the series Biologically Active Constituents of North American Plants. For Part II, see Klocke et al., 1986.     

聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯/聚丙烯皮芯复合驱蚊纤维

利用扫描电子显微镜观察聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯/聚丙烯皮芯复合驱蚊纤维的形态结构,并用单纤强力仪测试纤维的力学性能。研究发现:复合纤维表面平滑;当纤维中驱蚊剂质量分数低于6%时,纤维截面具有规整的同心圆结构,且皮芯结合紧密,纤维的断裂强度为2.5 cN/dtex,断裂伸长率为35%左右,力学性能良好;而当驱蚊剂质量分数高于8%后则出现皮芯分离现象,且此现象随着驱蚊剂含量的增高而愈发明显,力学性能随之下降。     

Biobased plastics with insect‐repellent functionality

Natural insecticides/repellents, such as pyrethrum (derived from chrysanthemum plants), and insect repellent N,N‐Diethyl‐meta‐toluamide (DEET) were added to poly(lactic acid) (PLA) fibers through extrusion and spray coating on the PLA fabrics. Contact irritancy assay (CIA) showed that DEET‐treated PLA fabrics caused the lowest relative escape response of mosquitoes with an escape frequency of 33.3% ± 3.3%, indicating that DEET was less effect compared with natural insecticides/repellents. This was followed by the extruded natural pyrethrum‐treated PLA fabric with an escape frequency of 80% ± 6.3%. Finally, the PLA fabrics spray‐coated with natural pyrethrum caused the highest escape frequency of 98.3% ± 1.7%. Thus, it was found that pyrethrum/PLA fabrics functioned as a mosquito repellent better than DEET/PLA fabrics. In addition, TGA and tensile testing results demonstrated that pyrethrum was sufficiently thermally stable to be extrusion compounded with PLA. GPC results showed that DEET promoted de‐polymerization of PLA when co‐extruded. The results demonstrated that pyrethrum can be a viable additive for PLA to produce fibers that function as mosquito repellent to produce temporary garments that are compostable. The potential use of the developed biobased fibers with natural insect repellents is for single use of personal protection equipment (PPE) garments. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:E460–E467, 2019. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Synthesis,Bioassays and Field Evaluation of Hydroxycoumarins and their Alkyl Derivatives as Repellents or Kairomones for <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aedes albopictus</Emphasis> Skuse (Diptera: Culicidae)

In recent years, a significant increase in mosquito-borne diseases has been recorded worldwide. Faced with the limitations of existing methods for controlling the vector mosquito population, the development of attractants to bait traps and repellents to limit host-vector contacts could be promising and environmentally-friendly control strategies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of hydroxycoumarins and their alkyls derivatives against Aedes albopictus, the main vector of several arboviruses. Synthesis, bioassays and field trials were carried out in Madagascar. The results showed that 3, 4 and 6-hydroxycoumarins are attractive to this mosquito, 4-hydroxycoumarin being the most effective both in the laboratory and under field conditions. In addition, a good synergistic effect was found with octenol to attract mosquitoes and especially Ae. albopictus in comparison to other mosquito species living in sympatry. On the contrary, the 4-s-butoxycoumarin and 4-s-pentoxycoumarin derivatives had a repellent effect with the former showing the most significant effect. Further optimization of the dose and structure of these products will be carried out in order to maximize their utility for the control of Ae. albopictus and other mosquitoes.     

植物精油防控蚊的研究进展

蚊虫遍布全球除南极洲外的陆地上,在许多不发达地区,蚊虫作为传播疟疾、登革热等疾病的中间媒介,危害着无数人的生命安全。目前化学农药是虫媒防治的主要手段,化学农药的大量使用使虫媒得到了有效控制。但与此同时,虫媒的抗药性不断增强,成为虫媒疾病控制的最大威胁。此外,化学合成类农药的毒性相对较大,特别是对孕妇和婴幼儿等特殊人群不够安全。在此背景下,天然植物精油用于蚊媒控制受到了越来越多的关注。目前,现有研究主要集中在植物精油对蚊虫幼虫的灭杀活性、对成蚊的驱避和灭杀活性、以及对现用农药的增效作用三方面。总结和综述了植物精油在防蚊控蚊方面的研究进展。