共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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设计研制了Al2O3-SiO2-CaO基密封材料,对其高温晶化与软化、热性能、界面黏结特性开展了原位观察,并进行了电堆实际应用验证。结果表明:在不高于1 100℃时该密封材料均为非晶态,850℃开始软化,900~1 000℃出现球化。热重分析表明密封材料在0~960℃的质量损失较小,约为0.06%;密封材料与连接板、电池界面黏结紧密,利于固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)电堆密封应用。采用研制的密封材料组装了2个5单元SOFC短堆,分别进行了热循环与稳定性研究。结果表明:2个5单元电堆的开路电压达到6.0 V,平均开路电压1.2 V,电堆1热循环前后在35 A(0.56 A/cm2)条件下输出功率为运行无衰减,电堆2在27 A(电流密度0.43 A/cm2)进行恒流放电,运行300 h较为稳定。 相似文献
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采用第一性原理方法研究了层状阴极材料LaSrCoO_(4±δ)及PrBaMn_(2)O_(5+δ)的电子结构、缺陷形成能及氧离子迁移能,针对La/Sr、Pr/Ba等A位原子分层有序排列和交替混合排列2种结构,系统地分析了其对电子结构、氧空位及间隙氧缺陷的影响。结果表明:对于LaSrCoO_(4±δ),La/Sr分层有序排列更利于间隙氧离子的形成和迁移,对于PrBaMn_(2)O_(5+δ),Pr/Ba交替混合排列更有利于氧空位的形成和迁移。结合电子密度实空间密度分布,进一步分析了不同体系氧缺陷的形成和氧离子的迁移差异的原因,为该材料的研究和优化提供了具体的微观图像。 相似文献
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微管式固体氧化物燃料电池(MT-SOFC)能显著减小固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)的体积,微型化结构使其传质、传热和反应效率明显提高,可实现快速启动与关闭,易于移动和携带。本文概述了微管式固体氧化物燃料电池的结构、关键制备工艺、研究现状、存在问题和应用前景。对电解质支撑型、阳极支撑型及阴极支撑型MT-SOFC结构和性能进行了分析比较,介绍了等静压成型、挤出成型和相转化纺丝法制备陶瓷中空纤维的技术,综述了微管负载型电解质膜技术和微管电池堆组装技术,并对MT-SOFC发展方向及在便携电源、汽车动力电源和微反应器领域的应用进行了展望。 相似文献
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以氧化钇稳定的氧化锆(YSZ)作电解质、Ni-YSZ为阳极,研究中/低浓度干甲烷在固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)中阳极的反应。改变甲烷浓度,测量不同电流密度下,阳极出口气体产生速率,得到不同电流密度下的CH_4转化率(X_(CH_4))与CO选择性(S_(CO))。根据质量平衡以及产物生成速率与不同反应速率之间的关系,分析干甲烷在阳极平行发生的化学和电化学反应,得到X_(CH_4)和S_(CO)与阳极反应的关系。结果表明,低浓度千甲烷,在电流密度小时,发生部分氧化(POM)反应;电流密度大时,在发生POM反应的同时,发生全氧化(DOM)反应。中浓度干甲烷,发生POM反应。当发生DOM反应时,随电流密度的增加,CO选择性降低,甲烷转化率增加的幅度降低。发生POM反应时,两种浓度甲烷的电化学转化速率基本相同。 相似文献
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固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)趋向于直接使用甲烷天然气为燃料,确定甲烷在固体氧化物燃料电池阳极发生的化学与电化学反应非常重要.以Ni/YSZ为阳极、YSZ板做电解质、LSM为阴极,用涂浆法制作电解质支撑的电池,研究低浓度干甲烷在固体氧化物燃料电池中的反应.改变甲烷浓度、电池工作温度、电解质厚度,用在线色谱测量不同电流密度下,阳极出口气体产生速率.根据阳极出口气体产生速率变化,分析干甲烷在阳极的反应变化.通过氧消耗计算和转移电子数的分析,说明甲烷在电池阳极发生不同类型的反应.电流密度小时,甲烷发生部分氧化反应.电流密度大时,发生氢氧化和CO氧化,部分甲烷发生总反应为完全氧化的反应.部分甲烷发生完全氧化反应的同时,部分甲烷仍发生部分氧化反应,但其反应速率随电流密度增加逐渐降低.甲烷浓度和试验温度增加,甲烷开始发生完全氧化的电流密度增加. 相似文献
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介绍了不同形状和类型的固体氧化物燃料电池的各结构部件的常用制备工艺方法,包括:用于平板式支撑体制备的干压法和流延成型法,制备平板膜的涂刷、丝网印刷、离心沉积和旋涂法,管式支撑体制备的注浆成型、挤出成型、热压注、浸涂、凝胶铸模和相转换法,以及用于管式膜制备的涂刷、浸涂、料浆喷涂、电化学气相沉积和热喷涂法。针对每种工艺方法,介绍了其原理和基本工艺操作流程及其在固体氧化物燃料电池制备中的应用,讨论了工艺影响因素。 相似文献
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Padmanapan Rao Raj N. Singh 《International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology》2022,19(6):3149-3157
A sealant is required for the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) to maintain hermeticity at high operating temperatures, keep fuel and oxidant from mixing, and avoid shorting of the cell stack. Glass and glass–ceramic materials are widely used as a sealant because their properties can be tailored to meet the stringent requirements of SOFC stack, but they are susceptible to cracking. In contrast, a promising concept of self-repairable glass for seals is pursued for making reliable seals that can self-repair cracks at the SOFC operating temperatures. This concept is studied through measuring crack-healing kinetics and independent measurement of glass viscosity for relating to the observed self-repair. The cracks on the glass surface are created using a Vickers indenter to achieve a well-defined crack geometry, and then the glass is exposed to elevated temperatures for different length of times to study the crack-healing kinetics. The crack-healing kinetics is compared with the predictions of our theoretical model and found to be in good agreement. In addition, glass viscosity is extracted from the healing kinetics and compared with the independent measurement of viscosity measured from the dilatometry and sintering data to further validate the crack-healing theoretical model. These results are presented and discussed. 相似文献
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Durability test of SOFC cathodes 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The durability of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) composite cathodes of lanthanum strontium manganite and yttria stabilised zirconia was investigated. The cathodes were kept at constant, realistic operating conditions (–300 mA cm–2 at 1000 °C in air) for up to 2000 h. After the 2000 h test the increase in electrode overvoltage exceeded 100% of the initial value. Nominally identical cathodes kept for 2000 h at 1000 °C in air without current load for comparison showed little or no degradation. Thus, the current load of –300 mA cm–2, rather than the operation temperature of 1000 °C, was responsible for the degradation. Structural analysis showed an increase in the porosity at the electrode interfaces, when the electrode had been polarised. No such structural changes were found for electrodes tested without current load. The degradation is primarily ascribed to pore formation in the electrode material induced by an electric field. 相似文献
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Pannipha Dokamaingam Navadol Laosiripojana Apinan Soottitantawat Suttichai Assabumrungrat 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2010,56(6):1639-1650
Mathematical models of direct internal reforming solid oxide fuel cell (DIR‐SOFC) fueled by methane are developed using COMSOL® software. The benefits of inserting Ni‐catalyst rod in the middle of tubular‐SOFC are simulated and compared to conventional DIR‐SOFC. It reveals that DIR‐SOFC with inserted catalyst provides smoother temperature gradient along the system and gains higher power density and electrochemical efficiency with less carbon deposition. Sensitivity analyses are performed. By increasing inlet fuel flow rate, the temperature gradient and power density improve, but less electrical efficiency with higher carbon deposition is predicted. The feed with low inlet steam/carbon ratio enhances good system performances but also results in high potential for carbon formation; this gains great benefit of DIR‐SOFC with inserted catalyst because the rate of carbon deposition is remarkably low. Compared between counter‐ and co‐flow patterns, the latter provides smoother temperature distribution with higher efficiency; thus, it is the better option for practical applications. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010 相似文献
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等离子喷涂在制备中温平板式固体氧化物燃料电池中的应用 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
固体氧化物燃料电池 (solidoxidefuelcell,SOFC)是一种新型的高效率、环境友好的能量转换装置。为了在竞争激烈的电力市场中实现商业化 ,急需降低SOFC的工作温度 (目前成熟电池堆的工作温度 >80 0℃ ) ,兼顾提高电池堆长期工作稳定性的同时 ,能大幅度削减生产成本。等离子喷涂工艺由于能够高效率的获得理想层状结构和优良结合强度的涂层 ,在中温平板式SOFC的阳极、电解质和阴极制备中均有应用。文中简要说明了等离子喷涂工艺原理及特点 ,综述了其在制备中温 ( 65 0~ 80 0℃ )平板式SOFC中的应用 ,并展望了今后的研究发展方向 相似文献