振动力场下聚合物熔体流变行为的响应与分析 Ⅱ．毛细管挤出胀大比和第一法向应力差

在自行设计的恒速型毛细管动态流变装置上，对聚合物熔体进行动态挤出实验。实时采集毛细管的挤出胀大值，借助已建立的振动力场下聚合物熔体弹性行为的表征公式，计算振动力场下聚合物熔体在毛细管壁处的第一法向应力差。通过对比分析有无振动场下以及不同振动强度下聚合物熔体的流变性能，找到聚合物熔体弹性行为对振动力场的响应规律。     

振动力场下聚合物熔体流变行为的响应与分析 Ⅰ.毛细管压力降和熔体表观粘度

在自行设计的恒速型毛细管动态流变装置上 ,对聚合物熔体进行动态挤出实验。借助已建立的振动力场下聚合物熔体流变行为的表征公式 ,分别计算振动力场下聚合物熔体在毛细管壁处的剪切应力、剪切速率和表观粘度。与稳态挤出时相比 ,引入振动力场后 ,发现毛细管压力降、表观粘度均显著降低 ,且随着振动频率和振幅的改变呈非线性变化趋势 ,作者对此进行了深入分析。     

振动力场下聚合物熔体流变行为的响应与分析——I．毛细管压力降和熔体表观粘度

在自行设计的恒速型毛细管动态流变装置上，对聚合物熔体进行动态挤出实验。借助已建立的振动力场下聚合物熔体流变行为的表征公式，分别计算振动力场下聚合物熔体在毛细管壁处的剪切应力、剪切速率和表观粘度。与稳态挤出时相比，引入振动力场后，发现毛细管压力降、表观粘度均显著降低，且随着振动频率和振幅的改变呈非线性变化趋势，作者对此进行了深入分析。     

正弦脉动力场对聚合物/刚性粒子体系毛细管挤出压力的影响

介绍了在毛细管动态流变仪上对聚合物/刚性粒子体系正弦脉动力场下流变特性进行研究的方法。通过对PP/CaCO3体系在振动力场下的流变特性进行实验研究,揭示了聚合物/刚性粒子体系流变性能对振动频率和振幅的依赖关系,以及不同温度下振动力场对挤出压力的影响。     

振动力场对PP/PS共混物流变特性的影响

利用自制的聚合物流变测试装置,研究了不同配比的聚丙烯(PP)/聚苯乙烯(PS)共混物在振动力场作用下的流变特性。结果表明:与稳态相比,振动力场的引入明显降低了共混物的表观黏度和挤出胀大比;随着PP含量的增加,共混物的表观黏度在PP/PS=40/60时出现极小值,而挤出胀大比逐渐降低。在PP/PS=60/40时,当振幅为0.5mm,随着频率的增加,共混物的表观黏度呈现无规律的波动状态;当频率为20Hz时,随着振幅的增加,共混物的表观黏度逐渐降低。     

聚合物熔体粘弹行为对振动力场响应规律的研究进展

综述了国内外对聚合物熔体粘弹行为的研究，针对前人研究的不足，并为进一步解释聚合电磁动态成型机理，提出了黛助毛细管动态流变仪，从理论和实践角度探索聚物熔体粘弹行为对振动力场响应规律的新思路。     

聚合物动态挤出流变行为研究

本文论述聚合物材料毛细管动态流变行为的测量原理,介绍了自行研制成功的用于合物熔体挤出的毛细管动态流变仪。在该仪器上对ＬＤＰＥ进行了实验研究,发现熔体的粘度与振动源的频率、振幅呈非线性关系。在振动必场作用下ＬＤＰＥ熔体的粘度减小,随振动频率的变化有一最小值。这对矣合物动态塑化挤出工艺过程控制具有十分重要意义。     

振动力场作用下聚合物熔体本构关系的研究进展

从加工和理论两方面总结和评述了振动力场作用下聚合物熔体本构关系的研究成果,着重介绍了高分子链缠结动力学的结构网络本构理论。同时指出经典的连续介质本构方程不能精确描述振动力场作用下的聚合物熔体流变行为,而分子链缠结动力学瞬态网络理论可以精确描述大振幅振动剪切场下的聚合物流变行为。     

毛细管动态流变仪中聚合物熔体的流动可视化实验研究

通过采用剖分料筒直接观察的方法,使用示踪剂表征聚合物的流动情况。采用改进后的毛细管动态流变可视化装置,通过对低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)进行大量而系统的动态和稳态挤出实验,系统地探讨了振动力场对LDPE熔体流动行为的影响。     

振动力场作用下聚合物熔体分子动力学(Ⅱ) 表观黏度的影响

在本文（Ⅰ）报所建立的振动力场作用下聚合物分子运动物理模型和解析模型的基础上,推导出了振动诱导作用下聚合物熔体动态表观黏度与振动频率的关系表达式。通过实例计算和动态流变仪实验验证,证明了该模型的正确性和有效性,并且得出结论：振动力场作用下,聚合物熔体的表观黏度与振动频率密切相关,表观黏度随振动频率增加而减小;当振幅大于聚合物分子链长度时（一般都会大于分子链长度）,再增加振幅对表观黏度的影响不大。证明了（Ⅰ）报中物理模型以及数学推导的正确性,为聚合物成型加工工艺制定及成型设备研制提供了理论依据。     

HDPE在振动场中挤出成型时的流变行为

利用自行研制的新型液压振动挤出装置研究了高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）在振动场中挤出成型时的流变行为。研究表明,HDPE熔体在振动场中的表观粘度与振动频率、振幅、口模温度和挤出机螺杆转速均有关,随着振动频率的增加,表观粘度先降至最低值,然后回升到一定程度后基本保持不变,但始终低于未施加振动时的表观粘度;振幅越大,振动场对表观粘度的影响就越大;口模温度超过熔点时,振动场对表观粘度的影响有所增大;螺杆转速越大,振动场对表观粘度的影响就越小。     

Improving rheological property of polymer melt via low frequency melt vibration

A pulse pressure was superimposed on the melt flow in extrusion, called vibration extrusion. A die (L/D = 17.5) was attached to this device to study the rheological properties of an amorphous polymer (ABS) and semicrystalline polymer (PP, HDPE), prepared in the vibration field, and the conventional extrusion were studied for comparison. Results show that the melt vibration technique is an effective processing tool for improving the polymer melt flow behavior for both crystalline and amorphous polymers. The enhanced melt rheological property is also explained in terms of shear thinning criteria. Increasing with vibration frequency, extruded at constant vibration pressure amplitude, the viscosity decreases sharply, and so does when increasing vibration pressure amplitude at a constant vibrational frequency. The effect of vibrational field on melt rheological behavior depends greatly on the melt temperature, and the great decrease in viscosity is obtained at low temperature. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 5292–5296, 2006     

The Formula for Apparent Viscosity of Polymer Melt Extruding Through a Capillary Under a Superimposed Vibration

The apparent viscosity of a polymer melt within a capillary was analyzed based on experimental measuring when a sine vibration of small amplitude was superimposed in a parallel manner on the extruding direction of polymer melt. The theoretical model for apparent viscosity of polymer melt under an superimposed vibration was set up independent of any existing constitutive equations. Meanwhile, the calculating steps for previously apparent viscosity were established by making use of novel rheological measurement equipment that was designed by the author. Through collecting and analyzing the instantaneous data of a polymer melt dynamic extruding through a capillary under definite frequency and amplitude of vibration, the apparent viscosity of a polymer melt within a capillary was then calculated.     

PS在低频振动场中流变行为的研究

本文利用自行研制的振动注射实验台，实现了熔体在低频振动下的剪切－压力振动模式，对PS的流变性能进行实验研究发现，在不同的温度／ 压力／振幅下，P熔体表观粘度随振动的增加而下降存在一个敏感区，并有使表观粘度最低的最佳振动频率，过了敏感区，表观粘度随振动频率的增加有较小的回升，实验曲线趋于平缓。本实验中，PS熔体表观粘度降低多达60．3％。     

Effect of vibration on rheology of polymer melt

In this article, under shearing vibration and pressure vibration, the rheological behavior of HDPE, ABS, and PS melts and the mechanical properties of molded parts are studied. The experimental results show that, under the vibration condition, the apparent viscosity of the polymer melt decreases with an increasing of the vibration frequency and amplitude applied. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 1587–1592, 2002     

Influence of rheological properties on the sagging of polypropylene and abs sheet for thermoforming applications

The isothermal sagging resistance of different grades of conventional and a high melt strength (HMS) PP has been correlated with the rheological characteristics of the polymers, such as dynamic shear properties, melt strength, and zero shear viscosity. A thermoforming grade of acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene (ABS) was used as a reference material. At 190°C, ABS had the highest viscosity and elastic modulus in the frequency range measured, showing that this polymer is highly elastic. HMS PP had a greater shear thinning behavior than conventional PP because of its broader molecular weight distribution. The tan δ of the polymers showed that conventional PP had a higher tendency to flow than HMS PP and ABS when heated above 172°C. This was confirmed with sagging experiments performed in an air circulating oven, where the rate of sagging decreased as the melt strength and the zero shear viscosity of the polymer increased.