AMON: a wearable multiparameter medical monitoring and alert system

This paper describes an advanced care and alert portable telemedical monitor (AMON), a wearable medical monitoring and alert system targeting high-risk cardiac/respiratory patients. The system includes continuous collection and evaluation of multiple vital signs, intelligent multiparameter medical emergency detection, and a cellular connection to a medical center. By integrating the whole system in an unobtrusive, wrist-worn enclosure and applying aggressive low-power design techniques, continuous long-term monitoring can be performed without interfering with the patients' everyday activities and without restricting their mobility. In the first two and a half years of this EU IST sponsored project, the AMON consortium has designed, implemented, and tested the described wrist-worn device, a communication link, and a comprehensive medical center software package. The performance of the system has been validated by a medical study with a set of 33 subjects. The paper describes the main concepts behind the AMON system and presents details of the individual subsystems and solutions as well as the results of the medical validation.     

基于ZigBee的可穿戴式跌倒监护系统

提出了一个可以进行远程报警的无线跌倒监控系统。跌倒检测是通过佩戴在人体的终端设备获取人体运动时产生的加速度信号,然后通过跌倒算法对数据进行处理识别。终端识别跌倒信号后,通过ZigBee无线网络将信号传输到网关,网关通过发送AT指令到SIM300模块来发送报警短信到监护人手机上。实验结果表明,系统可以100%检测到人体跌倒,使医护人员及家属在5s内收到跌倒报警信息。     

基于ZigBee的可穿戴式跌倒监护系统

提出了一个可以进行远程报警的无线跌倒监控系统.跌倒检测是通过佩戴在人体的终端设备获取人体运动时产生的加速度信号,然后通过跌倒算法对数据进行处理识别.终端识别跌倒信号后,通过ZigBee无线网络将信号传输到网关,网关通过发送AT指令到SIM300模块来发送报警短信到监护人手机上.实验结果表明,系统可以100％检测到人体跌倒,使医护人员及家属在5s内收到跌倒报警信息.     

A web-based system for home monitoring of patients with Parkinson's disease using wearable sensors

This letter introduces MercuryLive, a platform to enable home monitoring of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) using wearable sensors. MercuryLive contains three tiers: a resource-aware data collection engine that relies upon wearable sensors, web services for live streaming and storage of sensor data, and a web-based graphical user interface client with video conferencing capability. Besides, the platform has the capability of analyzing sensor (i.e., accelerometer) data to reliably estimate clinical scores capturing the severity of tremor, bradykinesia, and dyskinesia. Testing results showed an average data latency of less than 400 ms and video latency of about 200 ms with video frame rate of about 13 frames/s when 800 kb/s of bandwidth were available and we used a 40% video compression, and data feature upload requiring 1 min of extra time following a 10 min interactive session. These results indicate that the proposed platform is suitable to monitor patients with PD to facilitate the titration of medications in the late stages of the disease.     

A sensor monitoring system for telemedicine,safety and security applications

A sensor system capable of medical, safety and security monitoring in avionic and other environments (e.g. homes) is examined. For application inside an aircraft cabin, the system relies on an optical cellular network that connects each seat to a server and uses a set of database applications to process data related to passengers’ health, safety and security status. Health monitoring typically encompasses electrocardiogram, pulse oximetry and blood pressure, body temperature and respiration rate while safety and security monitoring is related to the standard flight attendance duties, such as cabin preparation for take-off, landing, flight in regions of turbulence, etc. In contrast to previous related works, this article focuses on the system’s modules (medical and safety sensors and associated hardware), the database applications used for the overall control of the monitoring function and the potential use of the system for security applications. Further tests involving medical, safety and security sensing performed in an real A340 mock-up set-up are also described and reference is made to the possible use of the sensing system in alternative environments and applications, such as health monitoring within other means of transport (e.g. trains or small passenger sea vessels) as well as for remotely located home users, over a wired Ethernet network or the Internet.     

A wearable sweat patch for non-invasive and wireless monitoring inflammatory status

<正>Sweat diagnostics are being developed to provide insights into monitoring human health status using an accessibly non-invasive technique of sweat analysis^[1-3]. Abundant compositions, ranging from electrolytes and metabolites to large proteins, can be found in sweat, which have similar types of physiological biomarkers observed in the blood^[1].     

Solar panels BPX47A for terrestrial applications

Solar panels are used for direct conversion of solar radiation into electrical energy. Based on ten years experience in space and terrestrial projects the BPX47A has been developed to meet stringent requirements imposed by humid, arid, tropical, subtropical, continental and arctic climates. This paper describes operation of the solar panel in combination with storage batteries, design considerations, solar radiation on the earth's surface, optimum design of a power station and an example of a realized project.     

A CPW-fed wearable antenna at ISM band for biomedical and WBAN applications

Wireless Networks - In this paper, a Mercedes-Benz logo antenna with a metal plate located at an optimized distance from the proposed antenna is introduced as a wearable antenna to operate in the...     

基于ZigBee的穿戴式医疗监护系统节点的设计与实现

为了满足当今社会对穿戴式医疗监护的需求,设计并制作出了一种基于ZigBee技术的穿戴式医疗监护系统节点。该节点硬件部分采用了CC2530单片机和多种传感器,软件部分使用TI公司的Z-Stack协议栈,最终以相对低的成本实现了低生理、心理负荷下对人体体温、脉搏、生理姿态的获取。     

An ultrasound wearable system for the monitoring and acceleration of fracture healing in long bones

An ultrasound wearable system for remote monitoring and acceleration of the healing process in fractured long bones is presented. The so-called USBone system consists of a pair of ultrasound transducers, implanted into the fracture region, a wearable device and a centralized unit. The wearable device is responsible to carry out ultrasound measurements using the axial-transmission technique and initiate therapy sessions of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound. The acquired measurements and other data are wirelessly transferred from the patient-site to the centralized unit, which is located in a clinical setting. The evaluation of the system on an animal tibial osteotomy model is also presented. A dataset was constructed for monitoring purposes consisting of serial ultrasound measurements, follow-up radiographs, quantitative computed tomography-based densitometry and biomechanical data. The animal study demonstrated the ability of the system to collect ultrasound measurements in an effective and reliable fashion and participating orthopaedic surgeons accepted the system for future clinical application. Analysis of the acquired measurements showed that the pattern of evolution of the ultrasound velocity through healing bones over the postoperative period monitors a dynamic healing process. Furthermore, the ultrasound velocity of radiographically healed bones returns to 80% of the intact bone value, whereas the correlation coefficient of the velocity with the material and mechanical properties of the healing bone ranges from 0.699 to 0.814. The USBone system constitutes the first telemedicine system for the out-hospital management of patients sustained open fractures and treated with external fixation devices.     

面向可穿戴设备的空气质量监测系统的设计与实现

实时监测的实现主要依赖于对空气质量数据的收集、处理、存储以及显示,而空气质量预测功能是项目开发的难点。这里所采用的预测算法,其核心是针对影响空气质量指数的污染因子的历史浓度做出分析,根据其变化规律建立预测模型,通过非线性最小二乘法拟合各个污染因子的变化曲线,求出其预测值,进而计算出空气质量预测值。所提出的预测算法是建立在统计计算的基础之上,对已有数据进行挖掘和分析,通过机器学习的方法来做出预测。在可穿戴设备的开发方面,需要考虑到其交互特点,结合Android开发技术开发出便捷的应用。经过测试,该算法的空气质量等级预测的准确率达到了47.77%,而首要污染物预测的准确率则达到了73.66%,满足基本需求。     

A wearable point-of-care system for home use that incorporates plug-and-play and wireless standards.

A point-of-care system for continuous health monitoring should be wearable, easy to use, and affordable to promote patient independence and facilitate acceptance of new home healthcare technology. Reconfigurability, interoperability, and scalability are important. Standardization supports these requirements, and encourages an open market where lower product prices result from vendor competition. This paper first discusses candidate standards for wireless communication, plug-and-play device interoperability, and medical information exchange in point-of-care systems. It then addresses the design and implementation of a wearable, plug-and-play system for home care which adopts the IEEE 1073 Medical Information Bus (MIB) standards, and uses Bluetooth as the wireless communication protocol. This standards-based system maximizes user mobility by incorporating a three-level architecture populated by base stations, wearable data loggers, and wearable sensors. Design issues include the implementation of the MIB standards on microcontroller-driven embedded devices, low power consumption, wireless data exchange, and data storage and transmission in a reconfigurable body-area network.     

A dual-frequency GNSS sensor for space applications

High-performance laboratory breadboards of a dual-frequency global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receiver have been developed at the Institute of Satellite Navigation at the University of Leeds (ISN) for a number of years under a European Space Agency (ESA) programme. The main objective of these breadboards is to serve as development tools for receiver signal-processing research in view of scientific applications of GNSSs. Some of these applications will be realized by means of receivers embarked on satellites in low earth orbit (LEO) as part of on-going and future ESA programmes and will include precise orbit determination, radio occultation measurements and measurements of the parameters characterizing GNSS signals reflected at the sea surface. The principal application for which the signal-processing developments described in this paper have been targeted is radio occultation. During an occultation event the GNSS signal encounters a challenging environment. Substantial Doppler dynamics occur during a measurement, due to the effect of sharp gradients of the refraction index. Signal attenuation and deep fading caused by multipath propagation are also encountered. The areas of concern are the acquisition and tracking of signals in high dynamics and at low carrier-to-noise ratios (C/N₀), and also the performance of tracking the GPS P code without full knowledge of the spreading code, as dual-frequency atmospheric measurements are crucial to this application. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A wearable health care system based on knitted integrated sensors.

A comfortable health monitoring system named WEALTHY is presented. The system is based on a textile wearable interface implemented by integrating sensors, electrodes, and connections in fabric form, advanced signal processing techniques, and modern telecommunication systems. Sensors, electrodes and connections are realized with conductive and piezoresistive yarns. The sensorized knitted fabric is produced in a one step process. The purpose of this paper is to show the feasibility of a system based on fabric sensing elements. The capability of this system to acquire simultaneously several biomedical signals (i.e. electrocardiogram, respiration, activity) has been investigated and compared with a standard monitoring system. Furthermore, the paper presents two different methodologies for the acquisition of the respiratory signal with textile sensors. Results show that the information contained in the signals obtained by the integrated systems is comparable with that obtained by standard sensors. The proposed system is designed to monitor individuals affected by cardiovascular diseases, in particular during the rehabilitation phase. The system can also help professional workers who are subject to considerable physical and psychological stress and/or environmental and professional health risks.     

Breathing detection: towards a miniaturized, wearable, battery-operated monitoring system

This paper analyzes the main challenges associated with noninvasive, continuous, wearable, and long-term breathing monitoring. The characteristics of an acoustic breathing signal from a miniature sensor are studied in the presence of sources of noise and interference artifacts that affect the signal. Based on these results, an algorithm has been devised to detect breathing. It is possible to implement the algorithm on a single integrated circuit, making it suitable for a miniature sensor device. The algorithm is tested in the presence of noise sources on five subjects and shows an average success rate of 91.3% (combined true positives and true negatives).     

Ring sensor and heart rate monitoring system for sensor network applications

A ring-type pulse oximeter sensor attached to the finger and its 24-hour ambulatory heart rate monitoring system are presented. The PCB has been designed with a light-to-frequency converter and the CPU with a built-in Zigbee stack for simple and low power consumption. Also designed is the algorithm using a least square estimator to calibrate various signal distortions caused by motion artefacts for a proper accuracy.     

A low-power all-digital FSK receiver for space applications

A frequency-shift keying (FSK) receiver has been designed for deep space applications which exhibits potential for ultra low power performance. The receiver is based on a novel, almost all-digital architecture. It supports a wide range of data rates and is very robust against large and fast frequency offsets due to Doppler. The architecture utilizes subsampling and 1-bit data processing together with a discrete Fourier transform-based detection scheme to enable power consumption dramatically lower than implementations reported in the literature. Novel and power-efficient algorithms are derived for frequency and timing tracking. Most of the power saving techniques are applicable to a variety of applications, but some are achieved by taking advantage of the asymmetric power constraints for the receiver and the transmitter as well as the absence of adjacent channel interferers. The worst-case bit-error rate (BER) performance of the receiver is just 2.5 dB below that of the optimal uncoded noncoherent FSK receiver at a BER of 10^-6 and better for lower BERs     

Advances in flexible and wearable pH sensors for wound healing monitoring

Wound healing has been recognized as a complex and dynamic regeneration process and attracted increasing interests on its management. For effective wound healing management, a continuous monitoring on the wound healing based on sensors is essential. Since pH has been found to play an important role on wound healing process, a variety of pH sensors systems for wound healing monitoring have been greatly developed in recent years. Among these pH sensors, flexible and wearable pH sensors which can be incorporated with wound dressing have gained much attention. In this review, the recent advances in the development of flexible and wearable pH sensors for wound healing monitoring have been comprehensive summarized from the range of optical and electrochemical bases.     

Recent progress of flexible and wearable strain sensors for human-motion monitoring

With the rapid development of human artificial intelligence and the inevitably expanding markets,the past two decades have witnessed an urgent demand for the flexible and wearable devices,especially the flexiblestrain sensors.Flexible strain sensors,incorporated the merits of stretchability,high sensitivity and skin-mountable,are emerging as an extremely charming domain in virtue of their promising applications in artifcial intelligent realms,human-machine systems and health-care devices.In this review,we concentrate on the transduction mechanisms,building blocks of flexible physical sensors,subsequently property optimization in terms of device structures and sensing materials in the direction of practical applications.Perspectives on the existing challenges are also highlighted in the end.