聚苯胺复合导电织物的研究进展

聚苯胺复合导电织物是一种环境稳定性较好的导电材料.通过研究导电织物的用途与电学性能要求之间的基本关系,认为聚苯胺复合导电织物可用于抗静电、抗电磁屏蔽;从制备导电织物所用导电材料的选择上对各导电材料的优缺点进行分析,突出了聚苯胺导电材料的选择优势;聚苯胺导电材料已发展成为一种可替代金属的新型导电材料.通过分析聚苯胺复合导...     

聚苯胺及聚苯胺涤纶复合导电织物的制备

以H2SO4为掺杂酸,过硫酸铵为氧化剂,采用化学氧化聚合法制备聚苯胺,用扫描电镜和数字万用表对其形态和导电性能进行测试;以H2SO4为掺杂酸,过硫酸铵为氧化剂,采用原位聚合法制备聚苯胺涤纶复合导电织物。对聚苯胺涤纶复合导电织物的导电性能、力学性能及耐洗性进行测试。结果表明,制备聚苯胺的最佳工艺条件为：过硫酸铵与苯胺单体摩尔比为1：1,硫酸浓度为1 mol/L,反应时间为6 h,反应温度为15～25 ℃。制备聚苯胺涤纶复合导电织物的最佳工艺条件为：过硫酸铵与苯胺单体摩尔比为1：1,硫酸浓度为1 mol/L,反应时间为2 h,反应温度为15～25 ℃。     

聚苯胺导电织物超声波辅助生产工艺研究

为了获得导电性能优良的导电织物,在制备聚苯胺导电织物过程中引入超声波场;试验测试了超声波下盐酸浓度、过硫酸铵浓度、聚合时间、反应温度等对导电织物导电性能和织物上聚苯胺增重率的影响,以优化聚合条件。试验结果表明:当超声波对织物表面处理时间为30 min,盐酸浓度为1.6 mol/L,过硫酸铵浓度为0.12 mol/L,反应时间为60 min,反应温度为0℃~20℃,超声波处理额定电流为3.5 A时,织物的表面比电阻最小,可以降到1.0×102数量级。认为:引入超声波场制备导电织物具有经济、简便、实用、快捷的特点。     

氧化还原一步法制备聚苯胺/银复合导电织物

本文提出一种采用氧化还原一步法制备聚苯胺/银复合导电织物的新方法,并通过扫描电镜、红外光谱、X射线光电子能谱分析及热重分析仪对制备的导电织物的表面形貌、化学组成及热稳定性进行了表征;研究了该织物的导电性能、力学性能,以及水洗次数对其导电性能的影响。结果表明,采用氧化还原一步法能够较好的在涤纶织物表面形成聚苯胺/银的复合镀层;经镀层处理后的织物热稳定性及导电性能均有所提高,力学性能变化较小,且经50次水洗后,其导电性能优于聚苯胺织物。本研究为开发具有高导电性、低成本的导电织物提供了新的方法和思路。     

导电聚苯胺在导电织物中的应用性能研究

采用液相原位聚合法制备了聚苯胺/涤纶复合导电织物,并对其结构和性能进行了研究.结果表明:聚苯胺/涤纶复合导电织物为聚苯胺和涤纶织物的复合物,二者并未发生化学结合,复合织物基本保留了涤纶织物的力学性能,吸湿性能有所提高,具有较好的导电稳定性.     

聚吡咯/涤纶导电复合织物的制备及性能

以涤纶织物为基底材料,FeCl3为氧化剂,通过原位聚合吸附法制备聚吡咯/涤纶导电复合织物。探讨了氧化剂浓度、吡咯单体浓度、掺杂剂用量、反应温度和反应时间等各因素对织物导电性的影响,并通过SEM观察导电聚合物织物的表面微观形貌。结果表明,通过控制反应条件,可以制备性能良好的导电高聚物织物。     

聚苯胺/棉复合织物的制备及其性能

以盐酸为掺杂剂,过硫酸铵(APS)为氧化剂,采用两步法制备了聚苯胺/棉复合织物.探讨了氧化过程中,过硫酸铵浓度对复合织物导电性能、电磁屏蔽效能以及聚苯胺质量增加率的影响,同时还利用衰减全反射法(ATR)、X射线衍射法(XRD)以及光学显微镜对聚苯胺/棉复合织物的红外光谱、结晶度以及表观形貌进行了分析和观察.结果表明,APS浓度为0.2 mol/L时,复合织物的导电性能和电磁屏蔽效能最好,且聚苯胺与棉织物结合良好,而氧化聚合后复合织物中棉纤维的晶型结构未发生变化,结晶度升高.     

聚苯胺/涤纶导电织物的制备及其性能研究

以涤纶织物为基底材料,过硫酸铵为氧化剂,通过吸附-原位聚合的方式制备了聚苯胺/涤纶导电织物。探讨了碱减量工艺条件,氧化聚合过程中氧化剂种类、氧化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间对织物导电性能的影响。通过试验确定了聚苯胺/涤纶导电织物的最佳制备工艺为:氢氧化钠用量20 g/L,95℃碱减量处理90 min;氧化剂浓度0.17 mol/L,10~20℃氧化聚合时间90 min。所得织物导电性能优异,电导率为0.273 S/cm。     

聚苯胺／涤纶导电织物的导电性能研究

介绍了用现场吸附氧化聚合法制备聚苯胺／涤纶导电复合织物的过程并对织物的导电性能进行研究，讨论了聚苯胺含量，测试电压，施加电压时间，环境温湿度及酸碱度的对织物导电性能的影响。实验表明，影响导电复合织物导电性能的因素复杂而多样，它随着导电物含量，施加电压，温湿度，酸碱度的变化而变化。     

二氧化钛添加量对聚苯胺织物性能的影响

探讨二氧化钛添加量对聚苯胺二氧化钛功能性织物性能的影响。以过硫酸铵为氧化剂,盐酸为掺杂剂,纳米二氧化钛粉体为添加剂,涤纶非织造布为基布,采用液相原位聚合法制备了聚苯胺二氧化钛功能性织物。在确定聚苯胺涤纶功能性织物最优聚合工艺的基础上,测试了不同纳米二氧化钛粉体添加量的聚苯胺二氧化钛功能性织物导电性能和防紫外线性能。结果表明:纳米二氧化钛和聚苯胺的比例为0.3∶1时,所制得织物的导电性能和紫外线屏蔽性能均较理想;二氧化钛的存在虽降低了聚苯胺二氧化钛功能性织物的电导率,但有利于提高织物导电性能的稳定性和防紫外线性能。认为:二氧化钛粉体的加入可以改善织物导电性能的耐久性和防紫外线性能。     

聚苯胺/壳聚糖/羊毛复合织物导电性能及苯胺吸附分子模拟

为提高聚苯胺/ 羊毛复合织物的导电性能,采用原位聚合法利用醋酸和盐酸共掺杂一步合成聚苯胺/ 壳聚糖(PANI/ CTS) / 羊毛复合导电织物。借助场发射扫描电镜、X 射线光电子能谱仪和四探针测试仪对复合织物的结构和导电性能进行分析,研究了CTS 用量对复合织物导电性能的影响。采用分子模拟方法模拟苯胺吸附的微观运动,进一步研究了CTS 增强PANI/ 羊毛复合织物导电性能的微观机制。结果表明：当CTS 用量为2. 05% (o. w. f)时,PANI/ CTS/ 羊毛复合导电织物的电导率达到11. 32 S/ cm;羊毛角蛋白分子表面非均匀电场分布导致苯胺非均匀吸附,而CTS 氨基质子化有助于弱电场区域的苯胺吸附,使得苯胺整体吸附量更多,均匀度更好,聚合形成更加均匀、致密的PANI 层,提高了复合织物的导电性能。     

Development and characterisation of polyaniline/polyamide (PANI/PA) fabrics for electromagnetic shielding

In this study, novel conductive fabrics were developed by polymerising of aniline onto the polyamide (PA)-knitted fabrics. The fabric treatment was done by the chemical polymerisation method at 0.5, 0.8 and 1.2?M aniline concentrations. Hydrochloric acid as acidic medium and ammonium per sulphate as oxidant were employed during the polymerisation process. The polyaniline (PANI)-treated PA fabric structures were fully characterised and evaluated in terms of their electromagnetic shielding effectiveness, absorption and reflection characteristics and tensile properties. Additionally, the fabrics were examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM) for the surface morphology and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for the chemical functionality. The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness, absorption and reflection characteristics were determined by Network Analyzer with a frequency ranged from 15 to 3000 MHz. The electrical characteristics were measured by the two ends method. It has been concluded that the bursting strength values of the treated fabrics reduced when the amount of monomer in the concentrations decreased as compared to the untreated fabrics. It is interesting to note that 1.2 M treated fabric had the highest bursting strength values as compared to the other treated fabrics. It was also found that 0.5 M concentration of PANI-treated fabric had the lowest surface resistivity due to this it showed the highest conductivity value. Another important finding is that the 0.5 M-aniline treated fabric had the highest shielding effectiveness.     

聚多巴胺修饰还原氧化石墨烯/聚吡咯导电织物的制备及其传感响应特性

为改善导电织物导电层与织物间的界面黏附性,构建有效接触的导电网络,提升传感响应特性,采用聚多巴胺(PDA)对涤纶/氨纶针织物表面进行修饰,制备以还原氧化石墨烯(RGO)和聚吡咯(PPy)为导电层的柔性传感器。借助傅里叶红外光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜、自制KTC传感测试盒、四探针方阻测试仪、万能拉伸试验机等对导电织物进行表征与分析。结果表明：经PDA修饰后的织物与RGO/PPy间的界面黏附性有明显改善,所构建导电网络更为连续,相较于未修饰的导电织物具有更好的耐久性和耐磨性;该织物柔性传感器的拉伸范围在0%～130%之间时,灵敏度增加至39.1,响应时间为0.06 s,可准确识别人体关节运动。     

Study on property of PANI/PET composite conductive fabric

Polyester (PET) fabric was treated with alkali and low-temperature plasma. After that, polyaniline (PANI)/PET composite conductive fabric was prepared through in situ polymerization using aniline as monomer. The structural properties, conductivity, mechanical properties, and wash fastness of PANI/PET composite conductive fabric were studied and characterized. The results showed that the optimal polymerization conditions: the molar ratio of ammonium persulfate and aniline is 1:1 and the concentration of sulfuric acid is 1?mol/L. Under optimum conditions, the surface resistivity of PANI/PET composite conductive fabric was about 170?Ω. PANI particles enter into the fiber and the crystallinity of PANI/PET composite conductive fabric declines and amorphous region of PANI/PET composite conductive fabric increases. The breaking strength and breaking elongation of PANI/PET composite conductive fabric decrease compared with PET fabric. After being washed five times, the surface resistivity of PANI/PET composite conductive fabric is stable at 1450?Ω.     

过硫酸铵浓度对聚苯胺/镀银织物电极性能的影响

为了探究过硫酸铵（APS）浓度对化学镀银织物电极性能的影响,得到性能更加优异的织物电极,选用硝酸作为掺杂剂,苯胺（An）单体作为原料,过硫酸铵作为氧化剂,通过改变过硫酸铵浓度,采用原位化学聚合法在织物表面获得较厚的聚苯胺（PANI）沉积层,再利用超声波化学镀银制备导电织物,最后组装成织物电极。利用扫描电子显微镜和电极阻抗测试仪进行测试,得出氧化剂过硫酸铵浓度对聚苯胺/镀银织物电极性能的影响。结果表明:当硝酸浓度为0.5 mol/L,苯胺浓度为0.25 mol/L,过硫酸铵浓度为0.1 mol/L时,所制备镀银织物电极的导电性最好,与皮肤间的阻抗变化曲线更接近于医用Ag/Ag Cl凝胶电极,阻抗值相对最小,在5～100 Hz频率范围内的阻抗均在0.2 MΩ·cm²以下,远小于1 MΩ·cm²,可满足纺织干电极皮肤阻抗标准要求。随着过硫酸铵浓度的增加,制备的织物电极的性能呈下降趋势。     

聚吡咯/银导电涤纶织物的制备及其性能

为拓展聚吡咯/银(PPy/Ag)导电涤纶织物的应用领域,在等离子体预处理涤纶织物的条件下,以硝酸银为氧化剂,采用一锅法制备PPy/Ag导电涤纶织物。借助傅里叶红外光谱仪、X 射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜等对导电织物进行表征,通过电阻仪测试导电织物的方阻值,采用琼脂平皿法测试其抑菌效果。结果表明:制备的PPy/Ag导电涤纶织物具有良好的导电性,并对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌具有明显的抑制作用;导电织物的导电性与等离子体预处理涤纶织物的次数呈正相关,且在等离子体预处理4次时,其方阻达到最小值0.22 kΩ/□。     

导电聚苯胺/聚氨酯泡沫的制备及其压力传感性能

为制备具有良好回弹性能及传感性能的压敏材料,以高弹性多孔聚氨酯泡沫为基材,采用原位聚合法制备导电聚苯胺/聚氨酯泡沫,对其结构与性能进行研究,分析其在不同压缩应变作用下的压敏传感性能,并用于人体运动的监控.结果表明:聚氨酯泡沫表面及内部空隙中附着了聚苯胺,使其具有良好的导电性能,电阻率降至1.214×103Ω·cm;与处...     

Dependence of sheet resistance of nickel-plated PANi/PTT composite fabric on electroless plating conditions

Flexible and stretchable conductive composite fabrics have wide applications, including wearable sensors, antenna, electrodes, solar batteries, signal, or power transmission. For most of applications, the electrical conductive fabrics need a low sheet resistance and antioxidation. To improve the stability and the electrical conductivity of PANi/PTT composite conductive fabric, some conductive composite fabrics were prepared by electroless nickel plating on PANi/PTT composite fabrics in the aqueous nickel sulfate solutions. The sheet electrical properties of the composite fabric were evaluated by the van der Pauw method, and the effect of the chemical plating conditions such as reducing agent, complexing agent, and buffer agent concentrations were investigated on the sheet resistance as well as the mechanical properties of fabric substance. The results show that the lower sheet resistance of composite fabrics was observed at the concentrations of NiSO₄, 25 g/L, NaH₂PO_2, 20 g/L, Na₃C₆H₅O₇, 15 g/L, CH₃COONa, 20 g/L, respectively. Additionally, the mechanical properties of the Ni/PANi/PTT composite fabrics were improved in comparison with those of PANi/PTT composite fabrics.     

高导电性聚吡咯涂层织物的制备

为将聚吡咯导电材料应用于纺织领域,开发具有优良导电性及导电稳定性的功能性纺织面料,利用氢氧化钠/尿素体系对棉针织物表面进行改性,通过原位聚合的方法将聚吡咯沉积于改性的棉针织物表面制备导电织物,探讨了吡咯单体浓度、氧化剂用量、掺杂剂浓度、掺杂剂种类、反应温度和时间等参数对织物导电性的影响。将织物在空气、水中的导电稳定性进行对比,筛选出合适的掺杂剂。结果表明:5-磺基水杨酸钠(浓度0.015 mol/L)为掺杂剂,吡咯浓度为0.3 mol/L,氯化铁浓度为0.4 mol/L,在0 ℃下聚合反应4 h时,聚吡咯涂层后棉织物的表面方阻可降为1.4 Ω/□,而且涂层织物在空气中的导电稳定性好于其在水中的稳定性。