2-正丁基-4-氯-5-甲酰基咪唑合成新工艺

以戊腈为原料,经加成、取代得到脒（2）,再与乙二醛缩合、脱一分子水得到眯唑啉酮化合物（3）,最后经氯代、氧化后得到2-正丁基-4-氯-5-甲酰基咪唑,收章40．5％。该工艺具有原料易得,反应条件温和,合成路线短,易于工业化生产等特点,是-条新的2-正丁基-4-氯-5-甲酰基咪唑（1）合成路线。     

新试剂2－（5－硝基－2－吡啶偶氮）－5－二乙氨基苯酚与铌配合物的分光光度法研究

研究了新试剂２－（５－硝基－２－吡啶偶氮）－５－二乙氨基苯酚（５－ＮＯ２－ＰＡＤＡＰ）与Ｎｂ（Ｖ）分光光度性质。在含０．０８ｍｏｌ／ＬＨ２ＳＯ４的水－乙醇介质中，Ｎｂ（Ｖ）能与５－ＮＯ２－ＰＡＤＡＰ进行灵敏的显色反应，形成１：１的深色配合物，最大吸收波长为６１０ｎｍ，摩尔吸光系数为９．５９×１０４Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１，铌在０～５０μｇ／２５ｍＬ范围内服从比尔定律，本法体系简单，操作简便快速；选择性好；常见元素允许量较大，８倍量的钽存在不产生干扰。用于矿样中微量铌的测定，结果令人满意。     

新型先导化合物4-[4-(3,4-二甲氧苯基)-2-甲基噻唑-5-甲酰基]吗啉的设计、合成与生物活性

以3，4-二甲氧基苯乙酮为原料，经酯化、氯化、环化、水解、酰氯化和胺化六步制得新型先导化合物4-[4-(3，4-二甲氧苯基)-2-甲基噻唑-5-甲酰基]吗啉(5)。化合物5及其中间体的化学结构经红外、核磁、高分辨质谱和元素分析确认。生物活性测定结果表明化合物5在300ga．i．／hm^2剂量下对马铃薯晚疫病的防效为90％。     

新型先导化合物2-(2-氯-4-三氟甲基苯氧基)-4-三氟甲基噻唑-5-甲酸乙酯的设计、合成与生物活性

以3-氨基-4,4,4-三氟甲基丁烯酸乙酯为原料,经环化、氯化、醚化制得新型先导化合物2-（2-氯-4-三氟甲基苯氧基）-4-三氟甲基噻唑-5-甲酸乙酯,其结构经红外、核磁、高分辨质谱确认。生物活性测定结果表明新型先导化合物在600g／hm^2剂量下对叶蝉和二点叶螨的防效均为100％;在300g／hm^2剂量下对马铃薯晚疫病的防效为90％。     

新试剂2－（6－甲基－2－苯并噻唑偶氮）－5－二乙氨基酚分光光度法测定微量镍

本文报道用新试剂２－（６－甲基－２－苯并噻唑偶氮）－５－二乙氨基酚（ＭＢＴＡＥ）分光光度法测定微量镍。Ｎｉ：ＭＢＴＡＥ＝１：２，ε＝８．１×１０４Ｌ／ｍｏｌ·ｃｍ，Ｎｉ２＋浓度在０～２２μｇ／２５ｍＬ范围内服从比尔定律。用于金属有机化合物中微量镍的测定，结果与理论值相符。     

新显色剂2-(1,3,4-三氮唑偶氮)-5-二乙氨基酚与铋的显色反应的研究

研究了新显色剂2-(1,3,4-三氮唑偶氮)-5-二乙氨基酚(简称TZAPN)与Bi 3+的显色反应的条件.结果表明,在pH7.0的NH 4Ac缓冲溶液中,TZAPN与铋形成稳定的红色配合物,λmax=530nm,试剂的λmax为430nm,△λ为100nm,配合比为1:2,其表观摩尔吸光系数为6.29×10 4 L·mol -1·cm -1.Bi 3+在0～1.6mg/L范围内服从比耳定律,在掩蔽剂作用下,可不经分离直接测定合金样品及工业废水中的铋,结果满意.     

SO_4~(2-)/La_2O_3-TiO_2-HZSM-5催化合成乙酸丁酯

将SO42/TiO2-HZSM-5负载镧制备了新型催化剂SO42/La2O3-TiO2-HZSM-5,以乙酸和正丁醇的酯化反应为探针,考察了不同制备条件对催化剂性能的影响。结果表明:La3+浸渍浓度为0.07mol/L,经110℃烘干后于500℃焙烧3h所得催化剂活性最好。采用正交实验法对影响酯化反应的因素进行考察,最佳实验条件为n(醇)∶n(酸)=1.5∶1,反应时间2h,催化剂用量2%(总物料),酯化率可达97.8%。且该催化剂具有良好的重复使用和再生能力。     

新试剂TADCAB双波长光度法测定天然水中的痕量铜

研究了新显色剂２－（２－噻唑偶氮）－５－［（Ｎ，Ｎ－二羧基甲基）氨基］苯甲酸与铜的显色反应，在ｐＨ４．０，铜与显色剂形成１：２蓝色络合物，其最大吸收波长为６０３ｎｍ，用双波长测定法，其表观摩尔吸收系数ε６０３－４９２＝７．２３×１０４Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１。铜离子的浓度在０～１．２μｇ／ｍＬ范围内符合比尔定律。方法用于天然水经锌试剂负载树脂分离和富集后痕量铜的测定，结果与ＡＡＳ一致。     

SO_4~(2-)-TiO_2/MOR新型固体酸催化果糖制备5-羟甲基糠醛

采用溶胶-凝胶-水热工艺制备了一系列SO42--TiO2/MOR(STM)固体酸催化剂。相对SO42--TiO2催化剂,制备的STM催化剂有高的硫负载量、大的比表面积和好的分散性。吡啶分子探针-傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线光电子能谱及Ti2p、S2p和O1s分峰拟合图谱分析表明,硫负载量和结合态、活性组分和丝光沸石载体的相互作用影响到催化剂的B酸中心和L酸中心分布进而影响催化活性。STM0.2催化剂促进果糖转化反应,5-羟甲基糠醛的产率和果糖的转化率分别达到71.6%和91.9%。催化剂回收实验结果预示二氧化钛的L酸中心有助于稳定果糖的转化率,丝光沸石载体能够提高催化剂的耐热性和目标产物的选择性。     

新试剂4－（5－硝基－2－吡啶偶氮）－间苯二酚分光光度法测定人发中的微量锌

用新试剂４－（５－硝基－２－吡啶偶氮）－间苯二酚（５－ＮＯ２－ＰＡＲ）分光光度法测定了人发中微量锌。络合物的表观摩尔吸光系数为１．１９×１０５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１。络合比为Ｚｎ２＋：５－ＮＯ２－ＰＡＲ＝１：２。标准加入的回收率在９６％～１０５％之间。方法用于人发中锌含量的测定，结果令人满意。     

SO_4~(2-)/ZrO_2-HZSM-5固体超强酸催化环化制b-紫罗兰酮

制备了一系列负载SO42- / ZrO2 -HZSM-5的超强酸催化剂,并用TG、XRD等手段对催化剂的结构和热行为进行了表征,使用Hammett指示剂、吡啶吸附红外光谱等方法测试了催化剂酸性。结果表明, HZSM-5对催化剂的酸性和结构具有调变作用。 利用所制备的催化剂对假性紫罗兰酮催化环化反应制b-紫罗兰酮的催化活性进行了研究, 假性紫罗兰酮转化率可达54.4%, 对应的b-紫罗兰酮的选择性为76%。     

Targeting PSEN1 by lnc-CYP3A43-2/miR-29b-2-5p to Reduce β Amyloid Plaque Formation and Improve Cognition Function

Presenilin-1 (PSEN1) is a crucial subunit within the γ-secretase complex and regulates β-amyloid (Aβ) production. Accumulated evidence indicates that n-butylidenephthalide (BP) acts effectively to reduce Aβ levels in neuronal cells that are derived from trisomy 21 (Ts21) induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). However, the mechanism underlying this effect remains unclear. This article aims to investigate the possible mechanisms through which BP ameliorates the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and verify the effectiveness of BP through animal experiments. Results from RNA microarray analysis showed that BP treatment in Ts21 iPSC-derived neuronal cells reduced long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) CYP3A43-2 levels and increased microRNA (miR)-29b-2-5p levels. Bioinformatics tool prediction analysis, biotin-labeled miR-29b-2-5p pull-down assay, and dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed a direct negative regulatory effect for miRNA29b-2-5p on lnc-RNA-CYP3A43-2 and PSEN1. Moreover, BP administration improved short-term memory and significantly reduced Aβ accumulation in the hippocampus and cortex of 3xTg-AD mice but failed in miR-29b-2-5p mutant mice generated by CRISP/Cas9 technology. In addition, analysis of brain samples from patients with AD showed a decrease in microRNA-29b-2-5p expression in the frontal cortex region. Our results provide evidence that the LncCYP3A43-2/miR29-2-5p/PSEN1 network might be involved in the molecular mechanisms underlying BP-induced Aβ reduction.     

Organic reagents for removing heavy metals from a 10-34-0 (N-P2O5-K2O) grade fertilizer solution and wet-process phosphoric acid

Fertilizer solutions and wet-process phosphoric acid (WPA) contain heavy metal impurities such as cadmium, zinc, lead, copper, manganese, and chromium. Trisodium trithiocyanuric acid (TMT-15), sodium trithiocarbonate (5% Na₂CS₃), and sodium polythiocarbonate (Thio-Red II) were evaluated as precipitating agents for heavy metals in a 10-34-0 (N-P₂O₅-K₂O) grade fertilizer solution and WPA. A water-insoluble starch xanthate was also evaluated as an adsorbent for the heavy metals in 10-34-0 (N-P₂O₅-K₂O) and WPA. Arsenic (24–99+%), cadmium (36–97+%), copper (98+%), mercury (96+%), lead (83–88+%), and zinc (8–83+%) precipitated from 10-34-0 (N-P₂O₅-K₂O) upon the addition of each organic reagent, while levels of manganese and chromium were unaffected. Mercury (97+%), lead (75+%), cadmium (11–38%), copper (99+%), and chromium (3–35%) precipitated from WPA upon the addition of 5% Na₂CS₃ and Thio-Red II, while precipitation of manganese and zinc was negligible. The water-insoluble starch xanthate adsorbed mercury (96+%), copper (38–98+%), and lead (24–75%) from 10-34-0 (N-P₂O₅-K₂O) and WPA while adsorption of arsenic, cadmium, manganese, chromium, and zinc was negligible.     

(3R*,5S*,6R*)-3,5-dimethyl-6-(methylethyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyran-2-one,a third sex pheromone component forMacrocentrus grandii (goidanich) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and evidence for its utility at eclosion

The compound (3R^*,5S^*,6R^*)-3,5-dimethyl-6-(methylethyl)-3, 4,5,6-tetrahydropyran-2-one was identified as a sex pheromone component ofM. grandii. Laboratory and field bioassays demonstrated that it elicits flight initiation, upwind anemotaxis, and casting in male wasps. The compound acts synergistically with (Z)-4-tridecenal, a previously identified sex pheromone component of femaleM. grandii, to increase male response to the aldehyde component. The source of the lactone was determined to be the mandibular glands of male and female wasps. At eclosion a majority of male-female and female-only cocoon masses released the lactone and attracted male wasps. Male-only cocoon masses were not attractive at eclosion and the lactone component was either not released or released at below-threshold concentration. Mating was observed to occur following eclosion in laboratory and field studies.     

Metal-Sulfate Induced Generation of ROS in Human Brain Cells: Detection Using an Isomeric Mixture of 5- and 6-Carboxy-2',7'-Dichlorofluorescein Diacetate (Carboxy-DCFDA) as a Cell Permeant Tracer

Evolution of reactive oxygen species (ROS), generated during the patho-physiological stress of nervous tissue, has been implicated in the etiology of several progressive human neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and amylotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In this brief communication we used mixed isomers of 5-(and-6)-carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (carboxy-DCFDA; C(25)H(14)C(l2)O(9); MW 529.3), a novel fluorescent indicator, to assess ROS generation within human neuronal-glial (HNG) cells in primary co-culture. We introduced pathological stress using the sulfates of 12 environmentally-, industrially- and agriculturally-relevant divalent and trivalent metals including Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Hg, Ga, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sn and Zn. In this experimental test system, of all the metal sulfates analyzed, aluminum sulfate showed by far the greatest ability to induce intracellular ROS. These studies indicate the utility of using isomeric mixtures of carboxy-H(2)DCFDA diacetates as novel and highly sensitive, long-lasting, cell-permeant, fluorescein-based tracers for quantifying ROS generation in intact, metabolizing human brain cells, and in analyzing the potential epigenetic contribution of different metal sulfates to ROS-generation and ROS-mediated neurological dysfunction.     

Electrocatalytic tandem Knoevenagel–Michael addition of barbituric acids to isatins: Facile and efficient way to substituted 5,5′-(2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indole-3,3-diyl)bis(pyrimidine-2,4,6-(1H,3H,5H)-trione) scaffold

Electrocatalytic transformation of isatins and barbituric acids in ethanol in an undivided cell in the presence of sodium bromide as an electrolyte results in the formation of substituted 5,5′-(2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indole-3,3-diyl)bis(pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-triones) in 89–95% substance yields and 890–950% current yields. The developed efficient electrocatalytic approach to medicinally relevant 5,5′-(2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indole-3,3-diyl)bis(pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione) scaffold is 10 times faster than general chemical method, is beneficial from the viewpoint of diversity-oriented large-scale processes and represents novel example of facile environmentally benign synthetic concept for electrocatalytic tandem reaction strategy.