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1.
Zr-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) are a new type of metallic materials with disordered atomic structure that exhibit high strength and high elastic strain, relatively low Young’s modulus, and excellent corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. The combination of these unique properties makes the Zr-based BMGs very promising for biomaterials applications. In this review article, the authors give an overview of the recent progress in the study of biocompatibility of Zr-based BMGs, especially the relevant work that has been done in the metallic glasses group in Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), including the development of Ni-free Zr-based BMGs, the mechanical and wear properties, the bio-corrosion resistance, the in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility and the bioactive surface modification of these newly developed BMGs. 相似文献
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Minor alloying addition or microalloying technology has already shown dramatic effects on glass formation and thermal stability of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs). This paper intends to provide a comprehensive review of recent developments of this technology in the field of BMGs. The beneficial effects of minor alloying additions on the glass formation and the thermal stability of BMGs will be summarized and analyzed. In addition, principles and guidelines for future application of this technology will also be proposed. 相似文献
3.
Zr-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) are a new type of metallic materials with disordered atomic structure that exhibit high
strength and high elastic strain, relatively low Young’s modulus, and excellent corrosion resistance and biocompatibility.
The combination of these unique properties makes the Zr-based BMGs very promising for biomaterials applications. In this review
article, the authors give an overview of the recent progress in the study of biocompatibility of Zr-based BMGs, especially
the relevant work that has been done in the metallic glasses group in Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST),
including the development of Ni-free Zr-based BMGs, the mechanical and wear properties, the bio-corrosion resistance, the
in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility and the bioactive surface modification of these newly developed BMGs. 相似文献
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Metallic glasses, first discovered a half century ago, are currently among the most studied metallic materials. Available in sizes up to several centimeters, with many novel, applicable properties, metallic glasses have also been the focus of research advancing the understanding of liquids and of glasses in general.Metallic glasses (MGs), called also bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) (or glassy metals, amorphous metals, liquid metals) are considered to be the materials of the future. Due to their high strength, metallic glasses have a number of interesting applications, for example as coatings. Metallic glasses can also be corrosion resistant. Metallic glasses, and the crystalline materials derived from them, can have very good resistance to sliding and abrasive wear. Combined with their strength – and now, toughness – this makes them ideal candidates for bio-implants or military applications. Prestigious Journals such as “Nature Materials”, “Nature” frequently publish new findings on these unusual glass materials. Moreover Chinese and Asian scientists have also been showing an interest in the study of metallic glasses.This review paper is far from exhaustive, but tries to cover the areas of interest as it follows: a short history, the local structure of BMGs and the glass forming ability (GFA), BMGs’ properties, the manufacturing and some applications of BMGs and finally, about the future of BMGs as valuable materials. 相似文献
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Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) are materials with outstanding strength and elastic properties that make them tantalizing for engineering applications, yet our poor understanding of how their amorphous atomic arrangements control their broader mechanical properties (hardness, wear, fracture, etc.) impedes our ability to apply materials science principles in their design. In this work, we uncover the hierarchical structure that exists in BMGs across the nano- to microscale by using nanobeam electron diffraction experiments. Our findings reveal that local hardness of microscale domains decreases with increasing size and volume fraction of atomic clusters with higher local medium range order (MRO). Furthermore, we propose a model of ductile phase softening that will enable the future design of BMGs by tuning the MRO size and distribution in the nanostructure. 相似文献
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Wei Hua Wang 《Progress in Materials Science》2012,57(3):487-656
Bulk metallic glass (BMG) provides plentiful precise knowledge of fundamental parameters of elastic moduli, which offer a benchmark reference point for understanding and applications of the glassy materials. This paper comprehensively reviews the current state of the art of the study of elastic properties, the establishments of correlations between elastic moduli and properties/features, and the elastic models and elastic perspectives of metallic glasses. The goal is to show the key roles of elastic moduli in study, formation, and understanding of metallic glasses, and to present a comprehensive elastic perspectives on the major fundamental issues from processing to structure to properties in the rapidly moving field.A plentiful of data and results involving in acoustic velocities, elastic constants and their response to aging, relaxation, applied press, pressure and temperature of the metallic glasses have been compiled. The thermodynamic and kinetic parameters, stability, mechanical and physical properties of various available metallic glasses especially BMGs have also been collected. A survey based on the plentiful experimental data reveals that the linear elastic constants have striking systematic correlations with the microstructural features, glass transition temperature, melting temperature, relaxation behavior, boson peak, strength, hardness, plastic yielding of the glass, and even rheological properties of the glass forming liquids. The elastic constants of BMGs also show a correlation with a weighted average of the elastic constants of the constituent elements. We show that the elastic moduli correlations can assist in selecting alloying components with suitable elastic moduli for controlling the elastic properties and glass-forming ability of the metallic glasses, and thus the results would enable the design, control and tuning of the formation and properties of metallic glasses.We demonstrate that the glass transition, the primary and secondary relaxations, plastic deformation and yield can be attributed to the free volume increase induced flow, and the flow can be modeled as the activated hopping between the inherent states in the potential energy landscape. We then propose an extended elastic model to understand flow in metallic glass and glass-forming supercooled liquid, and the model presents a simple and quantitative mathematic expression for flow activation energy of various glasses. The elastic perspectives, which consider all metallic glasses exhibit universal behavior based on a small number of readily measurable parameters of elastic moduli, are presented for understanding the nature and diverse properties of the metallic glasses. 相似文献
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The fracture of metallic glasses has received relatively little attention until recently. The development of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) with more compositions, large sample sizes and diverse fracture behaviors provides a series of ideal model systems for the study of fracture in glassy materials. The fracture toughness of different BMGs varies significantly from approaching ideally brittle to the highest known damage tolerance. Diverse fracture patterns on the fracture surface, fracture modes and dynamic propagation of cracks have been observed in different BMGs. In this review paper, we present a comprehensive view of the state-of-the-art research on various aspects of the fracture of BMGs, including fracture behavior and characteristics, fracture mode, fracture criterion, fracture toughness, and fracture morphology. Accumulated experimental data on BMG fracture are presented and their possible theoretical connections with continuum fracture mechanics and the atomic-scale process are introduced and discussed. Modeling studies of the fracture of BMGs by various computational methods are also reviewed. The review also presents a number of perspectives, including the relation of BMG fracture study to other topics, and unsolved issues for future investigation. 相似文献
9.
W. H. Wang 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2009,21(45):4524-4544
In this review, we report on the formation of a variety of novel, metallic, glassy materials that might well have applications as functional materials. The metallic glasses, with excellent glass‐forming ability, display many fascinating properties and features such as excellent wave‐absorption ability, exceptionally low glass‐transition temperatures (~35–60 °C) approaching room temperature, ultralow elastic moduli comparable to that of human bone, high elasticity and high strength, superplasticity and polymer‐like thermoplastic formability near room temperature, an excellent magnetocaloric effect, hard magnetism and tunable magnetic properties, heavy‐fermion behavior, superhydrophobicity and superoleophobicity, and polyamorphism, all of which are of interest not only for basic research but also for technological applications. A strategy based on elastic‐moduli correlations for fabrication of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) with controllable properties is presented. The work has implications in the search for novel metallic glasses with unique functional properties, for advancing our understanding of the nature and formation of glasses, and for extending the applications of the materials. 相似文献
10.
Additive Manufacturing of Advanced Multi‐Component Alloys: Bulk Metallic Glasses and High Entropy Alloys 下载免费PDF全文
Xiaopeng Li 《Advanced Engineering Materials》2018,20(5)
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Formation, Structure and Properties of Bulk Metallic Glasses 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Y.Li 《材料科学技术学报》1999,15(2):97-110
1.IntroductionTheformationofmetallicglassesbydirectquench-ingfromthemeltwasfirstdiscoveredin196obyDuwezandhisco-workersinaAu-25at.pctSialloy[']bya'guntechnique'[2].Thistechniqueen-abledcoolingrateoflo6K/s,thuscreatinganewseriesofmaterials.Thediscoveryofmetal1icglassesandmetastab1ephasehasledto-explosiveresearchanddevelopmefltofmetallicglassesandothercrys-tallinematerialsquenchedfrommelt[3'4].Metallicglasses,whichareobtainedbytherapidquenchingofmetallicmelts,arenoncrystallineoramorphous,likeo… 相似文献
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In this paper, some basic mechanical behaviors of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) were discussed. It can be found from the discussions that the mechanical behaviors of BMGs are mainly due to the formation and operation of shear bands in BMGs. Furthermore, the relevant mechanics of shear banding were investigated in the paper. The theoretical analysis of deformation coupling thermal softening and free volume creation softening demonstrates that the free volume creation and thermal softening can jointly promote the formation of shear bands in BMGs, and the observed post mortem shear band width looks more like that governed by free volume creation. 相似文献
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Jan Schroers 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2010,22(14):1566-1597
Bulk metallic glass (BMG) formers are multicomponent alloys that vitrify with remarkable ease during solidification. Technological interest in these materials has been generated by their unique properties, which often surpass those of conventional structural materials. The metastable nature of BMGs, however, has imposed a barrier to broad commercial adoption, particularly where the processing requirements of these alloys conflict with conventional metal processing methods. Research on the crystallization of BMG formers has uncovered novel thermoplastic forming (TPF)‐based processing opportunities. Unique among metal processing methods, TPF utilizes the dramatic softening exhibited by a BMG as it approaches its glass‐transition temperature and decouples the rapid cooling required to form a glass from the forming step. This article reviews crystallization processes in BMG former and summarizes and compares TPF‐based processing methods. Finally, an assessment of scientific and technological advancements required for broader commercial utilization of BMGs will be made. 相似文献
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非晶合金因其独特的短程有序、长程无序原子结构特征, 使其具有了一系列优异的力学、物理、化学等性能, 在先进金属结构材料领域具有巨大的潜在应用价值。但非晶合金在室温承载变形时, 原子团簇发生剪切转变形成的大量自由体积会演化为高度局域化剪切带, 局域化剪切带由于缺乏介质的阻碍会发生失稳扩展, 导致非晶合金极易发生室温脆断, 特别单轴拉伸时基本无塑性。为克服这个缺憾, 研究者们提出将微米级尺寸的晶体相引入非晶来抑制剪切带的失稳扩展, 使得内生第二相增韧非晶复合材料具有了明显的拉伸塑性能力, 因此倍受材料学界的关注。近年来, 研究者们陆续通过成分设计、制备技术、热处理工艺等方法来实现非晶复合材料的塑性变形能力的提升, 使得非晶复合材料有望走向实际的工程应用。本文围绕内生第二相增韧非晶复合材料的微观组织调控这一关键科学问题, 从影响非晶复合材料微观组织结构的因素(合金成分设计、制备工艺参数、微观结构构筑等)到微观组织对其室温力学性能的影响机制两方面的研究成果进行了系统总结, 重点阐述了近10年来内生第二相增韧非晶复合材料领域组织调控及其室温力学性能关联性方面的研究进展, 并且对内生非晶复合材料研究领域目前的存在的问题和挑战进行了展望, 以期为高强高韧内生第二相增韧非晶复合材料的设计与制备提供理论参考。 相似文献
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Dieter Klemm Emily D. Cranston Dagmar Fischer Miguel Gama Stephanie A. Kedzior Dana Kralisch Friederike Kramer Tetsuo Kondo Tom Lindström Sandor Nietzsche Katrin Petzold-Welcke Falk Rauchfuß 《Materials Today》2018,21(7):720-748
Nanocelluloses are natural materials with at least one dimension in the nano-scale. They combine important cellulose properties with the features of nanomaterials and open new horizons for materials science and its applications. The field of nanocellulose materials is subdivided into three domains: biotechnologically produced bacterial nanocellulose hydrogels, mechanically delaminated cellulose nanofibers, and hydrolytically extracted cellulose nanocrystals. This review article describes today’s state regarding the production, structural details, physicochemical properties, and innovative applications of these nanocelluloses. Promising technical applications including gels/foams, thickeners/stabilizers as well as reinforcing agents have been proposed and research from last five years indicates new potential for groundbreaking innovations in the areas of cosmetic products, wound dressings, drug carriers, medical implants, tissue engineering, food and composites. The current state of worldwide commercialization and the challenge of reducing nanocellulose production costs are also discussed. 相似文献
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Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) are strong, highly elastic, and resistant to wear but still find limited utility due to their macroscopic brittle nature, high costs, and difficulty of processing, particularly when complex shapes are desired. These drawbacks can be mitigated when BMGs are used in miniature parts (< 1 cm), an application which takes advantage of BMGs' enhanced plasticity at small length scales as well the insignificant material cost associated with such parts. As an alternative to traditional metal processing techniques, thermoplastic forming (TPF)-based microfabrication methods have been developed which can process some BMGs like plastics. In this article, we discuss the properties and fabrication of BMGs on minuscule length scales to explore their prospective application in small-scale devices. 相似文献
19.
Afrin Mehjabeen Tingting Song Wei Xu Hui Ping Tang Ma Qian 《Advanced Engineering Materials》2018,20(9)
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The field of biomaterials has become a vital area, as these materials can enhance the quality and longevity of human life and the science and technology associated with this field has now led to multi-million dollar business. The paper focuses its attention mainly on titanium-based alloys, even though there exists biomaterials made up of ceramics, polymers and composite materials. The paper discusses the biomechanical compatibility of many metallic materials and it brings out the overall superiority of Ti based alloys, even though it is costlier. As it is well known that a good biomaterial should possess the fundamental properties such as better mechanical and biological compatibility and enhanced wear and corrosion resistance in biological environment, the paper discusses the influence of alloy chemistry, thermomechanical processing and surface condition on these properties. In addition, this paper also discusses in detail the various surface modification techniques to achieve superior biocompatibility, higher wear and corrosion resistance. Overall, an attempt has been made to bring out the current scenario of Ti based materials for biomedical applications. 相似文献