A depolarized Er-doped superfluorescent fiber source with improvedlong-term polarization stability

In a backward Er-doped superfluorescent fiber source (SFS), we report the observation of large mean wavelength variations (>100 ppm) induced by external perturbations of the fiber birefringence. These previously unreported variations, which need to be reduced to the ppm level for high-accuracy fiber-optic gyroscope applications, are shown to originate first from polarization-dependent gain induced by the polarized pump source, and second from a slight polarization dependence of the SFS wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) coupler and fiber isolator. We demonstrate that these effects can be substantially reduced by incorporating two Lyot fiber depolarizers in the source. The new depolarized SFS exhibits short-term mean wavelength stability of ±2.5 ppm and a long-term drift of ±3 ppm. The latter is probably due mostly to slow variations in the Er-doped fiber temperature, which can be eliminated with a simple temperature control to ~0.1°C     

基于饱和吸收镜的被动锁模掺铒光纤激光器

为了研究基于半导体可饱和吸收镜的被动锁模光纤激光器的输出特性,采用1480nm的半导体激光器作为抽运源,利用掺铒光纤作为增益介质,以及光纤环行器、偏振控制器、波分复用器和耦合器等构成了环形腔结构的被动锁模光纤激光器。实验中获得了峰值波长1586nm、光谱宽度4.8nm、重复频率11.2MHz、最大平均输出功率8.4mW的稳定锁模激光脉冲输出。结果表明,调整光纤偏振控制器会使光纤激光器输出脉冲的时域波形略微发生变化,在实际应用中需要注意偏振态变化对锁模光纤激光器输出脉冲时域特性的影响。这一结果对于半导体可饱和吸收镜在被动锁模光纤激光器中的应用及其特性具有一定帮助。     

Photonics True-Time-Delay Unit for Phased-Array Antenna Using Multiwavelength Fiber Laser Based on a Sagnac Interferemetric Filter

A photonics true-time-delay system for phased array beamforming using a chirped grating-based time-delay element and a novel multiwavelength erbium-doped fiber ring laser source employing a Sagnac filtering mirror is proposed. The Sagnac filtering mirror consists of a polarization maintaining directional coupler and two pieces of polarization maintaining fibers. The lasing wavelength and number are determined by properly adjusting the polarization controller within the unidirectional ring cavity and are very stable. A chirped-grating-based true-time-delay system using the proposed laser source is constructed and demonstrated experimentally.     

一种新颖的基于AFMLF的双倍布里渊频移间隔的MWBEL

提出了一种基于非线性放大光纤环形镜(AFMLF)滤波器的双倍布里渊频移间隔的多波长掺铒光纤激光器(MWBEL)环形腔结构,其中非线性放大光纤环形镜被用作滤波器。当980nm泵浦功率为10.29dBm、可调激光源(TLS)的中心波长为1 563nm、功率为-3dBm时,得到了波长间隔为0.16nm的12阶偶数阶多波长激光输出。同时,还研究了980nm抽运功率、偏振控制器(PC)以及可调激光源的中心波长对输出斯托克斯光波数的影响。     

Gain flattening of an erbium-doped fiber amplifier using ahigh-birefringence fiber loop mirror

We propose a flexible method for flattening the gain profile of an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA). The method is based on a high-birefringence fiber loop mirror (HiBi-FLM), which contains a number of high-birefringence fiber sections and polarization controllers. We show that, by setting the polarization controllers properly, the reflection spectrum of the loop mirror can be adjusted to compensate for the variations in the gain profile of the EDFA. The method is demonstrated experimentally by using a single-section HiBi-FLM and a two-section HiBi-FLM, respectively, With a two-section HiBi-FLM, we are able to flatten the gain profile of an EDFA to within ±0.9 dB over a bandwidth of 33 nm at the center wavelength of 1543 nm, under different operating conditions of the EDFA     

A high-stability fiber amplifier source for the fiber opticgyroscope

We demonstrate an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) source for the fiber gyroscope with an overall mean wavelength stability of four parts per million. This source, which amplifies the gyroscope signal before detection, is shown to be more stable than a similar single-pass source in a standard configuration. The effects of varying the fiber temperature, pump power, pump wavelength, gyroscope feedback power and signal polarization state on the output mean wavelength are individually explored. Experimental results are in excellent agreement with simulations     

基于光纤环形镜的掺铒光纤放大器增益平坦化

理论和实验上简要分析研究了由两段保偏光纤组成的光纤环形镜的反射谱特性,提出了利用保偏光纤环形镜进行掺铒光纤放大器(EDFA)增益平坦化的方法。应用该方法,在1527～1562nm范围内,EDFA自发辐射谱的不平坦度为±1dB。     

Multi-wavelength fiber laser based on broadband fiber grating and HiBi fiber loop mirror

Multi-wavelength fiber lasers have attracted a lot of in- terest in recent years because of its potential applications in optical wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems, fiber sensors, and other fiber-optics instruments. Because of the predominant…     

采用光纤滤波器的高波长稳定性掺铒光纤光源

研究了双程后向结构掺铒光纤光源的平均波长对泵浦功率的赖性。实验结果表明,通过采用掺铒光纤滤波器以及选择合适的泵浦功率,平均波长随泵浦功率的变化能够降低到-9 ppm/mW。在-40~+60℃ 温度范围内,光纤光源的平均波长不稳定性小于33 ppm(峰峰值)。采用5 m 长的掺铒光纤、泵浦功率55mW 与泵浦波长974.2nm 时,光纤光源输出光波的谱宽达到17nm,功率达5.83mW。     

超辐射掺铒光纤光源平均波长稳定性分析

为了解决高精度光纤陀螺要求长时间的标度因数稳定性到10-5以下,必须确保高精度光纤陀螺所采用的掺铒超辐射光纤光源具有非常稳定的平均波长.从超辐射掺铒光纤光源的结构出发,推导出其平均波长主要受到温度、抽运功率、抽运波长、抽运光偏振态以及光纤陀螺返回光功率的影响.详细分析了以上因素对于超辐射掺铒光纤光源平均波长稳定性的影响,并介绍了消除或者减小这些影响因素的措施.同时还总结了提高超辐射光纤光源的平均波长稳定性的相关技术,采用这些技术可以获得平均波长随温度变化系数±0.05×10-6/℃的高稳定性掺铒超辐射光纤光源.对于掺铒超辐射光纤光源在高精度光纤陀螺中的实际应用具有指导意义.     

高平均波长稳定性超荧光光纤光源

光纤陀螺要求其光源具有高功率、宽谱输出,同时在大温度范围内仍具有好的平均波长稳定性。为了满足-45℃~70℃大温度范围的应用需求,采用双程后向抽运、法拉第旋转反射、带通滤波等技术手段,对光纤材料和器件进行大温区全局优化,以改善超荧光光纤光源的平均波长稳定性。理论分析了不同中心波长和带宽的带通滤波器以及光纤长度等参量对平均波长稳定性的改善效果,以及和光谱带宽的关系。按照设计结果选择滤波、光纤长度等参量,通过对-45℃~70℃全温区范围进行系统全局优化设计,得到输出功率为32mW,功率稳定性为0.65%,光谱带宽为12.5nm,光源平均波长变化量为23.5×10-6。结果表明,平均波长稳定性在0.5×10-6/℃以下的高稳定性超荧光光纤光源中,32mW输出功率非常高;所得的0.2×10-6/℃是115℃大温差范围、30mW以上超荧光光纤光源中非常优异的平均波长稳定性指标,满足光纤陀螺对光纤光源的要求。     

Experimental Research on Erbium-doped Superfluorescent Fiber Source

The effects of the variations in fiber length, fiber mirror reflectance on efficiency and output power are experimentally investigated for erbium-doped double pass backward superfluorescent fiber sources (SFSs). The influence of fiber length on mean wavelength stability (MWS) has also been demonstrated. By incorporating a short section of un-pumped erbium-doped fiber (EDF) at the output port, the pump power dependent on MWS becomes independent of pumped EDF length. This is a novel phenomenon that hasn‘t been reported up to now,and should be helpful to SFS fabrication and theory analysis. By using a fiber Michelson interferometer as spectrum slicing component,a multi-wavelength fiber source (MWFS) with ～20 channels (from 1542nm to 1559nm) is got. The MWFS has a channel spacing of ～0. 8 nm which satisfies ITUstandard. The intensity fluctuation among channels is less than 0.5dB,and the extinction ratio of all channels is above 14dB. This kind of MWFS should be useful to wavelength division multiplexing systems.     

基于NPR效应及NOLM的多波长SOA光纤激光器

为了获得具有超窄波长间隔的稳定多波长输出,设 计并实验验证了一种基于非线性偏振旋转(NPR)效应及NOLM的多波长SOA光纤激光器。利用 SOA的NPR效应,将SOA与其他偏振器件组合引起强度相关损耗(IDL)效应,从而抑制SOA均 匀加宽线宽内的模式竞争,实现稳定的多波长输出。Lyot-sagnac滤波器作为波长选择器件 ,选用71 m长保偏光纤(PMF)得到超窄波长间隔。另外NOLM作为功率 均衡器进一步抑制了模式竞争效应并且实现了功率均衡,提高了边模抑制比(SMSR)。通过调 节偏振控制器(PCs),最终在室温下实现了稳定且功率均衡的多波长输出,10 dB带宽内输出的波长数量为184,波长间隔为0.08 nm,SMSR高达22 dB。该激光器可作为DWDM光通信系统 中的光源。     

L波段可调谐Er/Yb共掺环形腔光纤激光器

报道了一种工作在L波段波长可调的环形腔Er／Yb共掺双包层光纤激光器。利用两段高双折射光纤和两个偏振控制器组成的环形镜作波长选择器件，通过调整环形镜中偏振控制器的状态来改变环形镜对不同波长的反射率以实现某波长的激光输出，使波长调节范围达到60nm，不同波长处激光输出功率的起伏小于0．7dB；采用较长的Er／Yb共掺双包层光纤(EYDF)作增益介质，利用6个976nm激光二极管同时抽运前段Er／Yb共掺双包层光纤所产生的放大自发辐射谱作为二次抽运源，对腔内未被抽运的一段Er／Yb共掺双包层光纤进行抽运，使增益谱移到L波段，实现了L波段可调谐激光器的稳定输出。在最大抽运功率为3594．5mW时，测得抽运入纤功率为2737．37mW，得到最大输出功率300mW，斜率效率为11％的激光输出，所形成激光光谱的3dB带宽为1．8nm，边模抑制比大于38dB。     

Multiwavelength L-Band Brillouin–Erbium Comb Fiber Laser Utilizing Nonlinear Amplifying Loop Mirror

In this paper, we demonstrate a novel multiwavelength L-band Brillouin-erbium fiber laser utilizing nonlinear amplifying loop mirror. The erbium-doped fiber section in the fiber loop mirror provides efficient amplification of Brillouin pump (BP) to generate the stimulated Brillouin scattering in the single-mode fiber coil. The laser structure can achieve symmetry breaking of the loop without requirements to an asymmetric coupler or polarization controller. The proposed fiber laser has a low threshold power of about 10 mW to create the first Brillouin-Stokes signal. The maximum number of 27 Stokes signals with a spacing of 0.089 nm is achieved by setting the BP wavelength at 1604 nm and its BP power is set at 2.2 mW.     

室温稳定多波长光纤激光器技术的研究新进展

室温稳定的多波长光纤激光器( MWFL)中最关键的技术是如何有效抑制掺杂光纤的均匀展宽效应。综述了国际上近年来提出的实现室温稳定多波长光纤激射的主要技术。介绍了近几年我们在该领域的一些创新性研究工作:提出了多种基于多谐振峰的光纤布拉格光栅(FBG) ,如多模光纤布拉格光栅、保偏光纤布拉格光栅、取样光纤布拉格光栅等的可开关多波长光纤激光器的新方法和新结构,实现了多种波长间隔小于2 nm,室温工作稳定性好、波长及波长间隔可调的可开关多波长光纤激光器;提出了基于非线性光纤环镜( NOLM)和非线性偏振旋转(NPR)效应的两种多波长掺铒光纤激光器(EDFL)实现技术,实现了室温稳定、功率谱分布平坦的宽带多波长激光输出,3 dB带宽内的波长个数可达50个,每个波长的功率波动在2 h内小于0 .1 dB。     

A fiber Bragg grating sensor demodulation technique using apolarization maintaining fiber loop mirror

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a simple, passive, and self-referencing wavelength shift detection scheme for use in fiber Bragg grating sensing systems. The demodulation system is based on the interference between two modes in a polarization maintaining fiber loop mirror. Although it involves the use of an interference technique, it is stable compared with other conventional interference demodulators     

由高双折射光纤环镜构成的可变波长输出的L-波段掺铒光纤激光器

报道了一种结构简单的可变波长输出的L 波段线型腔掺铒光纤激光器。其中的波长选择器件为一包括两段高双折射光纤在内的光纤环镜 ,通过调整环镜内偏振控制器的状态可以改变环镜对不同波长的反射率以获得可变波长输出的效果。线型腔内用 980nm激光抽运铒光纤产生的ASE作二次抽运源 ,使腔内铒光纤的增益谱由C 波段位移到L 波段。实验中观察到波长在 1 5 83～ 1 6 0 0nm范围内可变的稳定激光输出 ,波长调谐范围为 1 7nm     

光源光谱对光纤陀螺偏振误差的影响

以采用Y波导集成光学调制器的保偏型干涉式光纤陀螺(IFOG)为研究对象,根据各光学元器件的参数,建立了各器件的琼斯矩阵以及光路传输模型,通过推导得到了保偏型IFOG的偏振误差表达式。在此基础上,首次借助宽谱光源的光谱,仿真计算了不同形状的光源光谱对偏振模式耦合误差的影响。通过计算得出,当光路中其他参数不变时,对于形状相似的光谱,在光纤陀螺中带来的偏振误差相差约10-5 (°)/h;而形状相差较大的光谱带来的误差值相差较大,约10-2 (°)/h;在谱宽相差不大的情况下,光谱的平均波长在长波长处、近高斯形状的光源在陀螺系统中产生的偏振误差比平坦光谱小。这一结论对IFOG的光源选择有一定的指导意义。     

A highly efficient polarized superfluorescent fiber source for fiber-optic gyroscope applications

We demonstrate a novel polarized superfluorescent fiber source (SFS) that increases the output power in the desired polarization by a factor of 1.96 over that of an unpolarized SFS at the same pump. This is achieved by inserting a polarizer at the optimal point in the bidirectionally pumped erbium-doped fiber of an unpolarized SFS. Stable pump-power-dependent mean wavelength operation and less sensitivity to the insertion loss, important for fiber-optic gyroscope applications, are obtained in this configuration.