基于在线测量的滚动直线导轨副精度保持性测试方法及试验研究

针对滚动直线导轨副精度保持性检测要求,提出了一种基于激光位移传感器测距的滚动直线导轨副运动精度在线检测方法。根据相对运动定理,该方法将4个激光位移传感器在线测量的滑块相对导轨基准的距离变化量转化成导轨平行度和滑块偏转角的变化量。通过滚动直线导轨副精度保持性测试方法,在线测量滚动直线导轨副在实际运行过程中的精度损失量,并与滚动直线导轨副的离线数据对比,有效验证了测试原理的可行性。最后,从多方面进行了误差分析。     

基于应变片的滚动直线导轨副负载力测量方法

针对在有限的机床空间环境下对滚动直线导轨副进行性能检测的问题,提出了一种基于应变式传感器的滚动直线导轨副负载力的测量系统方案.通过有限元仿真分析应变片最佳粘贴位置,设计小体积、低功耗的自动调零电路、信号调理电路,微处理器控制其ADC模块采集输出结果并对采集到的电压进行转换、计算,得到滑块上的加载情况.该测量系统在不影响...     

基于机器视觉的滚动直线导轨在线测量系统研制

研制了一套基于机器视觉的滚动直线导轨在线测量系统,开展基于OpenCV视觉检测技术的直线导轨副滚道几何量尺寸检测方法研究、阈值分割法的指示表盘自动识别检测方法研究及数据云在线分析系统研究,该检测装置可对滚动直线导轨长度、内径及圆度进行自动在线高精度测试,从滚动直线导轨上料、装夹、精度检测,输出结果实现全程自动化,节约人...     

滚动直线导轨副精度稳定性质量控制技术研究

滚动直线导轨副的外形安装尺寸已经标准化,利于滚动直线导轨、滚动滑块的模块化生产,大大提高生产效率。本文通过研究标准导轨上安装不同精度的滚动滑块,运用统计质量控制技术,分析滑块滚道加工精度及滚动直线导轨副加工精度的过程控制能力,找出关键因素;对关键因素建立控制计划;建立SPC作业指导书,减少滑块磨及滚动直线导轨副精度加工质量波动,提高过程稳定性。     

滚动直线导轨副滑块内滚道型面精度检测方法与方案验证

为检测滚动直线导轨副滑块内滚道的位置、圆弧半径,提出了一种基于激光位移传感器测距的滑块内滚道的检测方法,该方法将激光位移传感器相对内轨道轴线以一定角度倾斜,通过扫描内滚道轮廓得出一个半椭圆轮廓,以最小二乘法进行椭圆拟合。通过数学分析,内滚道位置和半径大小可以转化为拟合椭圆的形心位置和椭圆的短轴长。通过对高精度圆柱做等效验证试验,验证了测量方案的可行性,最后进行了多方面的误差分析。     

滚动直线导轨副滑块内滚道型面精度检测方法与方案验证EI北大核心CSCD

为检测滚动直线导轨副滑块内滚道的位置、圆弧半径,提出了一种基于激光位移传感器测距的滑块内滚道的检测方法,该方法将激光位移传感器相对内轨道轴线以一定角度倾斜,通过扫描内滚道轮廓得出一个半椭圆轮廓,以最小二乘法进行椭圆拟合。通过数学分析,内滚道位置和半径大小可以转化为拟合椭圆的形心位置和椭圆的短轴长。通过对高精度圆柱做等效验证试验,验证了测量方案的可行性,最后进行了多方面的误差分析。     

综述滚动直线导轨

在机械传动领域中滚动直线导轨是一项关键产品。为了迎合现今社会对机械加工高精度、高速度的发展要求,滚动直线导轨的应用范围逐渐扩大。因其出色的可靠性、高精密性和高速度性能正在逐渐的代替传统的导轨形式,成为现今数控机床的主流导轨形式。     

钢琴键盘平整性的测量

本文介绍了一种非接触扫描法测量钢琴键盘平整性的方法，通过激光模拟传感器在一条直线导轨上移动，分别测出各个琴键到传器的距离，再与测量参考基准线进行比较，就可以确定键盘的平整性。文中还讨论了确定测量参考基准线的两种方法以及影响测量误差的主要因素分析。     

HJZ019型直线导轨动态测量仪

直线导轨副是我国新开拓的精密滚动元件,它具有精度和效率高,使用方便,寿命长等特点。为适应批量及专业化生产的需要,急待解决高精度,高效率的检测问题,传统的直线度测量方法已不适用。通过试验研究,我们设计了直线导轨动态测量仪。该量仪可以对直线导轨四个圆弧滚道两个方向的直线度、对各基面的平行度以及相互间的平行度进行测量。由于微机系统的引用,使整个测量与评定过程实现了自动化。     

滚动导轨的高精度安装方法

滚动直线导轨副具有误差均化功能,但对于精度要求较高的场合,安装的好坏对其精度有很大影响;为满足高精度要求,需要采用特殊的安装方法.下面我们分析其结构特点并结合实践来探求滚动导轨的高精度安装方法.     

Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor System With Two-Level Ring Architecture

This investigation proposes a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor system with a two-level ring architecture. The survivability and capacity of a FBG for a multipoint sensor system are enhanced by adding remote nodes and optical switches in the two-level ring architecture. Additionally, to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the sensor system, a fiber ring laser approach is utilized to construct the proposed two-level ring architecture. The fiber ring laser adopted herein yields the high SNR of the sensor system. The proposed system can increase the reliability of FBG sensor systems for multipoint smart structures.      

双激光二极管速度传感器设计

本文验证了基于自混合效应的速度传感器的可行性,并设计了单激光二极管速度传感器,其标准偏差为0.22%。为了提高其精度,消除入射角的非控制变化和速度垂直分量的影响,我们设计了双激光二极管速度传感器,其标准偏差为0.03%。     

Simple three-dimensional laser angle sensor for three-dimensional small-angle measurement

A simple three-dimensional (3D) laser angle sensor for 3D measurement of small angles based on the diffraction theorem and on ray optics analysis is presented. The possibility of using position-sensitive detectors and a reflective diffraction grating to develop a 3D angle sensor was investigated and a prototype 3D laser angle sensor was designed and built. The system is composed of a laser diode, two position-sensitive detectors, and a reflective diffraction grating. The diffraction grating, mounted upon the rotational center of a 3D rotational stage, divides an incident laser beam into several diffracted rays, and two position-sensitive detectors are set up for detecting the positions of +/-1st-order diffracted rays. According to the optical path relationship between the three angular motions and the output coordinates of the two position-sensitive detectors, the 3D angles can be obtained through kinematic analysis. The experimental results show the feasibility of the proposed 3D laser angular sensor. Use of this system as an instrument for high-resolution measurement of small-angle rotation is proposed.     

Fiber-Grating-Based Vision System for Real-Time Tracking, Monitoring, and Obstacle Detection

There is a real need to develop a sensory system that can monitor and track the behavioral status of a person in real time while protecting his/her privacy. In addition, it is important to have the ability to detect stationary and moving objects in real time to support dynamic navigation needs for mobile robots. This paper describes the development of intelligent fiber-grating (FG)-based 3-D vision sensory system that enables real-time object detection, monitoring, and tracking. This system uses the richness and the strength of the vision while reducing the data load and computational cost by encoding the working space using a limited number of spatially interrelated 2-D laser spots. The sensor system generates the laser spots by projecting a coherent laser beam on two perpendicularly overlaid layers of FGs. The presence of a target within the visible operational view of the sensor disturbs the part of the projected laser spots' pattern where the target appeared. By calculating the displacement of the disturbed spots within the CCD image plane, the sensor system can detect, in a short time, an object/human and provide relevant information in terms of range, approximate shape, and position. To facilitate faster detection and real-time tracking, the author has developed two strategies that decompose the working space into zones and virtual planes     

一种新型激光多普勒振动传感器

介绍了一种采用激光多普勒技术的非接触振动传感器，分析了它的工作原理及光路电路结构，并给出了初步实验结果与测量误差分析。文中指出这种高性能价格比的振动测量仪器可望有好的应用前景。     

Optisches Sensorsystem für die 3D-Nahtverfolgung beim Laserstrahlschweißen

The knowledge of the accurate laser tool position is of extreme importance for quality assurance during the laser beam welding. Already minimum deviations of the desired track can impair the result of the manufacturing process, e.g. due to tolerances of thermal deformation. A contribution of this problem is an optical sensor system, which detects the three-dimensional position of the weldseam in on-line coupling parallel to the welding process and then derives the actual laser beam position relative to the workpiece. Under laboratory conditions the function of the sensor system for the on-line tracking of the laser tool was tested successfully in connection with a handling system.     

基于FPGA的多通道高速光纤光栅解调系统

研发了一种基于波长扫描光源和嵌入式解调的多通道高速光纤布拉格光栅解调系统。该系统采用半导体光放大器(SOA)结合可调谐F-P滤波器产生频率为1 kHz的稳定波长扫描光。通过使用对称三角波技术和快速FPGA解调算法,系统最终能够同时实现16个通道以及2 kHz的解调速率,测量范围80 nm。     

Dense range map reconstruction from a versatile robotic sensor system with an active trinocular vision and a passive binocular vision.

One major research issue associated with 3D perception by robotic systems is the creation of efficient sensor systems that can generate dense range maps reliably. A visual sensor system for robotic applications is developed that is inherently equipped with two types of sensor, an active trinocular vision and a passive stereo vision. Unlike in conventional active vision systems that use a large number of images with variations of projected patterns for dense range map acquisition or from conventional passive vision systems that work well on specific environments with sufficient feature information, a cooperative bidirectional sensor fusion method for this visual sensor system enables us to acquire a reliable dense range map using active and passive information simultaneously. The fusion algorithms are composed of two parts, one in which the passive stereo vision helps active vision and the other in which the active trinocular vision helps the passive one. The first part matches the laser patterns in stereo laser images with the help of intensity images; the second part utilizes an information fusion technique using the dynamic programming method in which image regions between laser patterns are matched pixel-by-pixel with help of the fusion results obtained in the first part. To determine how the proposed sensor system and fusion algorithms can work in real applications, the sensor system is implemented on a robotic system, and the proposed algorithms are applied. A series of experimental tests is performed for a variety of configurations of robot and environments. The performance of the sensor system is discussed in detail.     

Online Monitoring of Welding Status Based on a DBN Model During Laser Welding

In this research, an auxiliary illumination visual sensor system, an ultraviolet/visible (UVV) band visual sensor system (with a wavelength less than 780 nm), a spectrometer, and a photodiode are employed to capture insights into the high-power disc laser welding process. The features of the visible optical light signal and the reflected laser light signal are extracted by decomposing the original signal captured by the photodiode via the wavelet packet decomposition (WPD) method. The captured signals of the spectrometer mainly have a wavelength of 400–900 nm, and are divided into 25 sub-bands to extract the spectrum features by statistical methods. The features of the plume and spatters are acquired by images captured by the UVV visual sensor system, and the features of the keyhole are extracted from images captured by the auxiliary illumination visual sensor system. Based on these real-time quantized features of the welding process, a deep belief network (DBN) is established to monitor the welding status. A genetic algorithm is applied to optimize the parameters of the proposed DBN model. The established DBN model shows higher accuracy and robustness in monitoring welding status in comparison with a traditional back-propagation neural network (BPNN) model. The effectiveness and generalization ability of the proposed DBN are validated by three additional experiments with different welding parameters.     

Multipoint diffraction strain sensor with variable sensitivity

In our earlier work, a multipoint diffraction strain sensor using a microlens array was developed for measurement of whole-field strains. The method is extended to a system with variable sensitivity and measurement range. In the present system, two collimated laser beams, 3 mm in diameter, symmetrically strike the grating attached to the specimen surface at prescribed angles. The diffracted wavefronts, magnified by a microscope objective, are sampled by a lenslet array with each microlens acting as an individual strain sensor. In-plane strain components over the full field can be measured by what is to our knowledge a new sensor with variable sensitivity by changing the distance from the microscope objective to the microlens array. Both a theoretical explanation and experimental verification are provided.