碳纤维含量对摩擦材料性能的影响

用D-MS摩擦试验机研究了摩擦材料中碳纤维含量对其摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明，碳纤维含量对摩擦材料的摩擦磨损性能影响显著，其摩擦系数和磨损率都随碳纤维含量的增加而减小，推荐碳纤维的含量≤5％。SEM分析表明，其摩擦磨损机理亦与碳纤维含量密切相关。     

不同晶型SiC_p对铜基粉末冶金摩擦材料摩擦磨损性能的影响

采用加压烧结法制备含有不同晶型SiCp的铜基粉末冶金摩擦材料,研究不同晶型SiCp对铜基粉末冶金摩擦材料摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明:不同晶型SiCp对铜基粉末冶金摩擦材料的摩擦磨损性能的影响不同。摩擦材料的摩擦因数随着β-SiCp加入量的增加而升高,当β-SiCp的质量分数超过6%时,在摩擦过程中材料和对偶发生严重磨损;α-SiCp含量对铜基粉末冶金摩擦材料的摩擦磨损性能影响不显著;当SiC颗粒的质量分数为2%~6%时,β-SiCp相比α-SiCp更适合作为摩擦组元用于铜基粉末冶金摩擦材料中。     

新型低树脂基摩擦材料的优化设计及性能研究

为获得制动性能良好、低噪声的摩擦材料配方,采用低树脂设计摩擦材料,并通过正交试验法,对摩擦材料配方进行优化设计。利用定速试验机和压缩试验机等测量摩擦材料的摩擦磨损性能和机械性能,研究配方中各组分对摩擦磨损性能的影响,并利用扫描电镜观察摩擦材料磨损后的表面形貌,以研究其磨损机制。结果表明,鳞片石墨对摩擦因数影响最大,焦炭对磨损率影响最大;树脂含量的变化能改变摩擦材料的磨损机制,树脂含量增加使摩擦材料的磨损机制由疲劳磨损和磨粒磨损转变为单一的磨粒磨损,过量的树脂使得磨损形式转变为黏着磨损和磨粒磨损。树脂含量较高会在摩擦表面形成致密碳化层,摩擦界面形成气垫膜,导致热衰退,而低树脂摩擦材料气孔率较高,摩擦表面光洁,摩擦因数平稳。     

含竹炭摩擦材料在高速高压下的摩擦磨损性能

研究竹炭作为摩擦组分对摩擦材料在高速高压条件下摩擦磨损性能的影响,以及竹炭与人造石墨混杂作为摩擦组分时摩擦材料的性能。结果表明,当竹炭质量分数为20%左右时,制备的摩擦材料在高压下具有较好的摩擦性能和较低的磨损率,但存在高速下低温摩擦因数偏高而高温摩擦因数偏低的缺点;将竹炭与人造石墨混杂作为摩擦组分时,材料在高速和高压条件下都具有很好的抗热衰退性和较低的磨损率,改善了含竹炭摩擦材料和含人造石墨摩擦材料在高速下摩擦因数不稳定的缺点。     

青铜粉对聚四氟乙烯基复合材料摩擦学性能影响的研究

通过向聚四氟乙烯材料加入不同质量比的青铜粉和氧化铅制备了3种自润滑复合材料,并与不加青铜粉的填充氧化铅的聚四氟乙烯材料进行实验研究,研究了青铜粉及其含量对聚四氟乙烯基复合材料摩擦学性能的影响,并探讨了填料的减磨机理。结果表明:在干摩擦条件下,在一定范围内,随着青铜粉含量的增加,填充氧化铅的PTFE基材料的摩擦磨损性能有所降低;在油润滑条件下,填充氧化铅的PTFE基材料的摩擦磨损性能相对干摩擦有所提高,且在一定范围内,随着青铜粉含量的增加,填充氧化铅的PTFE基材料的摩擦磨损性能有所提高;填料的减磨机理与“第三体”有关,而“第三体”又与材料的基体组分有关。     

钢纤维和氧化铁粉含量对半金属摩擦材料摩擦磨损性能的影响

半金属摩擦材料中的钢纤维、氧化铁粉是重要的增强组分和调节剂。研究钢纤维含量和氧化铁粉含量对半金属摩擦材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,以获得较佳的配比。研究结果表明:随钢纤维含量增加,摩擦因数增加,且摩擦因数的稳定性和抗热衰退能力提高;但随钢纤维含量的增加,磨损率也随之增加;当钢纤维质量分数为20%时,摩擦材料的摩擦因数较平稳,350℃时几乎没有明显的热衰退,磨损率也较低。氧化铁粉的含量对摩擦因数影响不大,但可改善摩擦材料的自润滑性和抗高温热衰退性;但过多的氧化铁粉含量,导致磨损率增大,特别是高温时更为明显,从摩擦因数的稳定性与磨损率两方面综合考虑,氧化铁粉质量分数为5%时摩擦材料具有较好的摩擦磨损性能。     

多纤维增强汽车制动器摩擦材料的研制

用芳纶浆粕、玻璃纤维、硅灰石纤维和钛酸钾晶须混杂增强汽车制动器摩擦材料,在XD-MSM定速式摩擦试验机进行摩擦磨损性能实验,并探讨了纤维含量对摩擦磨损性能的影响.实验表明所研制的摩擦材料完全满足汽车制动性能的要求,具有良好的机械性能,热衰退小、恢复性能好.混杂纤维的质量分数为29%时,材料摩擦磨损性能最佳.     

不同润状态下炭纤维对锡青铜摩擦磨损性能的影响

短碳纤维增强锡青铜（碳／锡青铜）复合材料分别在干摩擦和有油滑状态下与钢进行了滑动对磨试验，研究了试验条件及碳纤维含量等因素对复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响。试验结果表明，碳纤维对锡青铜摩擦磨损性能的影响行为与润滑状态有关，干摩擦时碳纤维的加入可以明显提高锡青铜的摩擦磨损性能，而有油润滑时碳纤维对锡青铜的摩擦磨损性能不仅没有改善，还会带来损害。     

聚乳酸竹粉复合材料性能影响因素分析

以竹粉、聚乳酸(PLA)为原材料,以模压成型的方法制备竹粉/PLA复合材料,通过测试其力学性能,摩擦磨损性能和吸水性能来分析竹粉的含量对复合材料性能的影响。实验结果表明:当竹粉含量为30%时,复合材料的洛氏硬度值,弯曲强度以及抗摩擦磨损性能达到最高,之后呈下降趋势。竹粉含量为50%时,材料的冲击强度,拉伸强度达到最大值,竹粉含量超过50%之后,开始明显下降。复合材料的吸水性能逐渐增加。综合实验结果来看,竹粉的添加有利于改善力学性能,提高材料的抗摩擦磨损性能和吸水性能。     

预制体添加BN对炭/炭复合材料性能的影响

在炭纤维预制体中添加六方氮化硼(h-BN),采用等温化学气相渗透(CVI)和超高压沥青浸渍/碳化混合工艺制备了炭/炭(C/C)复合材料。研究了材料的组织结构和力学性能,采用XD-MSM定转速摩擦试验机对材料的摩擦磨损性能进行了测试;分析了h-BN含量对摩擦磨损性能的影响。实验表明:预制体添加h-BN可以明显降低材料的摩擦系数,稳定材料的摩擦磨损性能。其中以9wt%时,材料的摩擦磨损性能最佳。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.