240kt／a磷铵装置扩能技改情况分析

240 kt/a磷铵装置,原采用预中和-转鼓氨化工艺,为将生产能力提高到29万t/a DAP或30万t/aNPK,引进单管技术.介绍技改前后造粒、干燥、冷却、除尘的流程和设备情况;技改取得的效果(产量提高,环境改善等);及技改过程中如氨逸出率超标,产品水分达不到技改目标值等的原因分析及解决方法.     

3万吨／年“料浆法”磷铵装置技术改造方案探讨

用分析投资效益的方法比较了增加我国磷铵产量的三种方式,得出了“改造现有小磷铵装置增产磷铵具有最佳效益”的结论。并在分析３ 万吨／年料浆法磷铵装置的潜力和薄弱环节的基础上,提出了扩能为６ 万吨／年磷铵的具体技改方案     

60 kt/a粒状磷铵着色技改

安徽省合肥四方磷复肥有限责任公司现有1套60kt／a粒状磷铵生产装置,南于磷矿石来源不同,使磷铵产品外观颜色不稳定,所以公司决定新增粒状磷铵着色装置(分为内添加着色剂和外添加着色剂,以下简称内着色和外着色)。技改后,该装置既可生产着色磷铵,又可生产灰白色磷铵产品。     

磷铵装置节水减污技改措施

磷铵装置节水减污技改措施兰荣森雷强柏万文（四川省金河磷矿化工厂６１８４００）我厂现有过磷酸钙、硫酸、热电、磷铵、复混肥等生产装置。工厂地处川西平原西北边缘，生产、生活用水均采用地下水，水资源比较紧缺，特别是在枯水季节。为了开好磷铵生产装置，先后进行多...     

3万吨／年磷铵装置的两项技改措施

３万吨／年磷铵装置的两项技改措施庞仁杰，寇洪庆（山东鲁西化工总厂２５２３００）我厂３０ｋｔ／ａ磷铵装置于１９９１年元月开始建设，１９９１年１２月建成投产，并一次试车成功，生产出合格的磷酸一铵产品。在几年的生产中，发现磷铵生产的某些设备影响装置能力的充...     

利用磷铵造粒装置生产粒状过磷酸钙和复混肥

我厂现有８万吨／年过磷酸钙、３．５万吨／年硫酸的生产能力。１９８６年建一套１万吨／年磷铵装置,由于各种原因,于１９９１年停产至今。为盘活资产,通过技改,利用该装置生产粒状过磷酸钙和复混肥。１原磷铵造粒工艺流程（见图１）图１原磷铵造粒工艺流程２改造的主...     

复混肥装置的技改经验

介绍复混肥装置磷铵粉碎、干燥、成品等工序存在问题及技改措施。更换粉碎机型号,使粉碎磷铵的能力满足生产要求;干燥系统取消炉气鼓风机,用重力沉降室代替旋风除尘器,改善了操作环境;成品工序增加１ 套成品包裹系统,解决了产品的结块问题     

宣州硫酸厂30kt＼a料浆法磷铵装置的完善扩能

概述了宣州硫酸厂３０ｋｔ／ａ料浆法磷铵装置投产后暴露的问题及采取的技改完善措施。通过投资不大的各项技术改造,使装置从初投产时的班产３０多吨,扩能至班产６０吨,经济效益显著。     

磷铵30kt／a改80kt／a存在的问题与对策

合肥四方磷复肥有限责任公司原有 1套 3 0 kt/ a粒状磷铵装置 ,为了挖掘设备潜能 ,以少量的资金投入获得更大的产出 ,在三大主体设备 (萃取槽、盘式过滤机及喷浆造粒干燥机 )不变的情况下 ,采用磷酸快速萃取及磷铵两效三体浓缩技术 ,新增快速反应器、逆流喷粉造粒等装置 ,将磷铵扩能为 80 kt/ a,生产粒状磷铵的同时又可生产粉状磷铵。 2 0 0 1年 10月 2 0日开工建设 ,2 0 0 2年 6月 6日一次投料试车成功 ,累计投资 741万元。1　磷铵 3 0 kt/ a扩能 80 kt/ a技改简介(1)　磨矿系统新增 2 2 0 0 mm× 75 0 0 mm球磨机 ,磨矿能力 2 0～ 2 5 t/…     

宜昌磷矿生产粒状磷铵由30 kt/a扩能达100 kt/a的技改综述

介绍湖北楚星化工股份有限公司1994年至2004年用宜昌磷矿,在小磷铵装置萃取槽、过滤机、喷浆造粒干燥机不变的情况下,实现了粒状磷铵由30 k t/a扩能达100 k t/a的技改。综述了配套工艺、设备材料改造情况及生产实践中发展的一些新观点。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。