钨的共沉积对化学镀镍层性能的影响

研究了共沉积钨对化学镀Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金结构和性能的影响，研究结果表明，Ｎｉ－Ｗ－Ｐ合金镀层的晶化程度主要由磷含量决定而与钨含量无关；钨的共沉积对镀层硬度影响不大；在相同含量的情况下，Ｎｉ－Ｗ－Ｐ合金镀层的耐蚀性，耐磨性和热稳定性能都优于Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金。     

电沉积Ni－Fe－P合金工艺研究

为改善Ｎｉ－Ｐ镀层性能，开发研究了Ｎｉ－Ｆｅ－Ｐ镀层。研究了镀液主要成分和工艺参数对镀层成分、沉积速度和显微硬度的影响。研究表明，Ｎｉ－Ｆｅ－Ｐ镀层中各元素的含量随镀液中相应盐浓度的增大而提高；低ｐＨ值和电流密度可适当提高镀层含磷量；高电流密度有利于铁的沉积；提高镀液温度和ｐＨ值加快沉积速度，却降低镀层硬度。较高的电流密度可获得较高的沉积速度和镀层硬度。     

电沉积非晶态Fe-Cr-P合金的研究

研究了Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ－Ｐ非晶态合金的电沉积方法,讨论了主盐浓度和ｐＨ值等对镀层组成及结构的影响,用阳极极化曲线研究了非晶态镀层的耐蚀性     

Ni—W非晶态镀层的制备和性能研究

提出了电沉积Ｎｉ－Ｗ非晶态合金镀层的方法，分析了镀液组成、温度、ｐＨ值、电流密度对镀层组成和结构的影响。采用热处理方法和ｘ－射线光电子能谱分别测试了镀层的热稳定性、耐蚀性。     

化学镀镍-铜-磷三元合金工艺的研究

为提高化学镀镍－磷合金镀层的性能及获得多种性能的合金镀层以拓宽其应用范围。在化学镀镍－磷合金液中加入硫酸铜制得镍－铜－磷三元合金。研究了镀液中硫酸镍、次磷酸钠、柠檬酸钠、硫酸铜、稳定剂、光亮剂的含量以及pH值和温度等因素对合金镀层的外观、沉积速度及铜含量的影响。通过5％氯化钠溶液和10％硫酸溶液浸泡试验比较了所得镍－铜－磷合金镀层与镍－磷合金镀层以及前人制得的镍－磷合金镀层的耐蚀性，同时比较了上述镀层的其它性能。结果表明，所得镍－铜－磷合金镀层的耐蚀性、外观、结合力、孔隙率、沉积速度、硬度和耐磨性等性能优于镍－磷合金及前人制得的镍－铜－磷合金镀层。     

单晶硅上电沉积Ni-P非晶薄膜及其表征

采用控制电位沉积法在ｐ－Ｓｉ晶面上制备了Ｎｉ－Ｐ非晶薄膜．并对其结构、组成用ＸＲＤ，ＤＳＣ，ＸＰＳ进行了表征．结果表明，Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金在沉积前存在一个诱导期，合金由活性不同的两种组份构成，改变阴极电位对合金组成、结构影响不大，所制备的薄膜含磷量约为１６．２８％，具有非晶态结构     

化学镀Co—W—P三元合金的研究

研究了镀液中各组分及ｐＨ值与镀层中钨、磷含量的关系，获得Ｃｏ７３Ｗ１６Ｐ１１合金镀支，并通过人工汗液浸泡试验比较了Ｃｏ－Ｗ－Ｐ合金镀层与不锈钢、Ｃｏ－Ｐ、Ｎｉ－Ｗ－Ｐ、Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金镀层的耐蚀性。     

电沉积Ni—Fe—P合金工艺研究

为改善Ｎｉ－Ｐ镀层性能，开发研究了Ｎｉ－Ｆｅ－Ｐ镀层。研究了镀液主要成分和工艺参数对镀层成分、沉积速度和显微硬度的影响。研究表明，Ｎｉ－Ｆｅ－Ｐ镀层中各元素的含量随镀液中相应盐浓度的增大而提高；低ｐＨ值和电流密度可适当提高镀层含磷量；高电流密度有利于铁的沉积；提高镀液温度和ｐＨ值加快沉积速度，却降低镀层硬度。较高的电流密度可获得较高的沉积速度和镀层硬度。     

电沉积制备汽车用高硬度镍-钨合金薄膜

使用电沉积技术在汽车软钢材料上电镀高硬度镍-钨合金薄膜。研究发现,镍-钨合金属于诱导共沉积。提高镀液中钨酸钠的浓度,有利于增大合金中钨的质量分数,从而显著提高合金的硬度。镍为面心立方结构,钨为体心立方结构,最终异常共沉积生成的Ni17W3是一种固溶体。钨原子占据了镍原子的晶格,形成晶格畸变。合金中钨的质量分数越高,晶格畸变越明显,有利于细化晶粒、降低粗糙度,从而提高合金的机械性能。     

化学镀非晶态Co-Ni-P薄膜磁性的研究

化学镀Ｃｏ－Ｎｉ－Ｐ薄膜镀态下为非晶态结构,Ｃｏ－Ｎｉ－Ｐ薄膜的矫顽力较低,矩形比较高,其易磁化方向与膜面垂直。薄膜越厚,矫顽力越高,矩形比越低;镀液的ｐＨ值越高,矫顽力越高;当以化学镀Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金作为中间镀层时,可获得较高的矫顽力和矩形比。     

Induced electrodeposition of tungsten with nickel from acidic citrate electrolyte

Induced electrodeposition of Ni–W alloys was carried out onto steel substrates from acidic citrate baths (pH 4.5) under different conditions of concentration of electrolyte, current density and temperature. Bright and highly adherent Ni–W deposits were successfully obtained with a relatively high cathodic current efficiency CCE (80–85%). The CCE increases greatly with increasing pH and Ni²⁺ ion content in the bath. The W% in the alloy deposits is in the range of 4–20 wt% depending on the operating condition. The W content in the deposit was found to increase with an increase in Ni²⁺ ion content, pH and temperature. The surface morphology was examined by scanning electron microscopy while the structure of the alloy was examined by X-ray diffraction analysis.     

Preparation and analysis of films on aluminium by high voltage anodization in phosphoric acid and sodium tungstate solution

A high voltage anodic film on aluminium was prepared in a mixed electrolyte of phosphoric acid and sodium tungstate. The properties, structure, morphology and chemical composition of the film were investigated. It was found that the elements in the film were O, Al, P and W and the main chemical compositions of the film were aluminium oxides with some phosphates and tungstates. Compared with conventional anodic films, the high voltage anodic film showed good hardness and excellent corrosion and heat resistance. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that the film could be divided into two layers, a porous surface layer and a compact underlayer. Many cracks were observed in both layers, which are significantly different from those of conventional anodic films.     

电沉积Co-Pt-W磁性薄膜及其性能的研究

使用电沉积技术制备了磁性能较好的Co-Pt-W薄膜,并研究了pH值对薄膜的成分、结构、表面形貌和磁性能的影响。研究发现:Co-Pt-W薄膜是一种具有fct四方结构的晶态颗粒膜。随着pH值的升高,Co-Pt-W薄膜中Co和W的质量分数下降,而Pt的质量分数增大。pH值过低,析氢作用明显,Co-Pt-W薄膜表面颗粒较大,并且孔隙率高。增大pH值,有利于细化Co-Pt-W薄膜表面颗粒并降低孔隙率,从而提高矫顽力。     

Phase behavior of temperature‐ and pH‐sensitive poly(acrylic acid‐g‐N‐isopropylacrylamide) in dilute aqueous solution

Several different composition temperature‐ and pH‐sensitive poly(acrylic acid‐g‐N‐isopropylacrylamide) (P(AA‐g‐NIPAM)) graft copolymers were synthesized by free‐radical copolymerization utilizing macromonomer technique. The phase behavior and conformation change of P(AA‐g‐NIPAM) in aqueous solutions were investigated by UV–vis transmittance measurements, fluorescence probe, and fluorescence quenching techniques. The results demonstrate that the P(AA‐g‐NIPAM) copolymers have temperature‐ and pH‐sensitivities, and these different composition graft copolymers have different lower critical solution temperature (LCST) and critical phase transition pH values. The LCST of graft copolymer decreases with increasing PNIPAM content, and the critical phase transition pH value increases with increasing Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) content. At room temperature (20°C), different composition of P(AA‐g‐NIPAM) graft copolymers in dilute aqueous solutions (0.001 wt %) have a loose conformation, and there is no hydrophobic microdomain formation within researching pH range (pH 3 ～ 10). In addition, for the P(AA‐g‐NIPAM) aqueous solutions, transition from coil to globular is an incomplete reversible process in heating and cooling cycles. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

The effect of electroless bath pH on the surface properties of one-dimensional Ni–P nanomaterials

In this research, the one-dimensional Ni–P nanomaterials was formed on alumina substrate. The effect of electroless bath pH on the surface properties of one-dimensional Ni–P nanostructures was investigated. For evaluation of morphological properties and chemical composition of deposits, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, which coupled with energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS) were used. Two-step anodization for alumina substrate was selected as the best sample for producing the one-dimensional Ni–P nanomaterials. The electroless coating was carried out at different pH = 4.5, 5.5 and 6.5 values. The results showed that in all samples, due to the high Ni–P deposition rate, the Ni–P nanomaterials does not fill the entire channel path. By increasing the pH value, the one-dimensional nanomaterials were changed from nanowire to nanotube type. Also, by increasing the pH value, despite increasing the length of Ni–P nanomaterials, but the compactness of this material was reduced. So, the optimum pH value for producing the one-dimensional Ni–P materials was 4.5. On the other hand, by reducing the pH value, the crystallinity degree of Ni–P deposits was increased. The pH content trends along the nanomaterials length were indicated that the phosphorus content toward the bottom of channel was increased.     

化学镀Co-Ni-P合金薄膜化学成分的考察

考察了影响化学镀Ｃｏ－Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金薄膜化学成分的因素,镀液中ｃｃｏ＾２＋／（ｃｏ＾２＋ｃＮｉ＾２＋）的比值越高和总金属离子浓度越低,薄膜的钴含量越高,镍和磷的含量越低。较高的ｐＨ值和较厚的薄膜会提高薄膜的钴含量,降低镍含量,磷元素倾向于偏聚在晶界上。     

电沉积非晶合金的形成条件

通过对Fe-W、Ni-W等9种非晶合金电沉积过程的分析,总结了电沉积条件(镀液组成、电流密度、镀液温度、pH)及镀层组成对镀层结构的影响,认为电沉积条件直接影响镀层中添加元素的含量,间接影响镀层结构。添加元素及其含量才是形成非晶镀层的决定性因素。     

沉淀法制备碳酸羟基磷灰石的影响因素

通过沉淀法制各了高碳酸根(CO32-)含量的纳米碳酸羟基磷灰石(nanosized carbonated hydroxyapatite,CHA).研究了合成温度、初始原料碳酸氢钠(NaHCO3)和磷酸氢二铵[(NH4)2HPO4]的摩尔比[n(CO32-)/n(PO43-)]和pH值对CO32-替代的影响.用X射线衍射和透射电镜表征CHA粉体的物相组成和形貌.用碳硫元素分析仪和红外光谱研究了CO32-替代的含量和类型.结果表明:随着合成温度的升高或原料中CO32-浓度的减小,CHA晶粒尺寸和长径比增加;合成CHA中的晶相组成和CO32-含量主要由n(CO32-)/n(PO43-)决定;而CO32-的替代类型则主要取决于n(CO32-)/n(PO43-)和pH值.在高pH值或高n(CO32-)/n(PO43-)的合成条件下,能够获得以B型替代为主的CHA.     

室温交联聚丙烯酸酯乳胶膜的制备及其渗透性能

以双丙酮丙烯酰胺（DAAM）为官能性单体合成了带酮羰基的聚丙烯酸酯核壳乳液,将其与己二酸二酰肼（ADH）在室温下交联制备了聚丙烯酸酯多孔乳胶膜,考察了乳液壳层组成、ADH用量、致孔剂用量及种类对乳胶膜渗透性能的影响。研究结果表明,当壳层组成BA/(MMA+AA+DAAM)质量比为2.5/2.5时,乳胶粒子没有完全变形,粒子间相互融接堆积,结合致孔剂的作用,形成了内部呈疏松多孔结构的乳胶膜,膜的渗透量较高;研究进一步揭示,限制大分子链段的热运动有利于维持乳胶膜的多孔结构,从而获得较高的渗透量;此外,发现以葡萄糖、聚乙二醇300（PEG300）为致孔剂时可使乳胶膜获得较高的渗透量。     

Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchung der Salbenstruktur II: Untersuchung von W/O- und O/W-Emulsionssalben

Electron-Microscopic Investigation on the Structure of Ointments II: Examination of W/O- and O/W-Emulsion-Ointments On the basis of microscopic and electron-microscopic examination of W/O- and O/W-emulsion-ointments, the authors have discussed the structure of the emulsifier film of definite emulsifying pairs, the influence of pH value on emulsions, and the structure of O/W-emulsion-ointments.