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采用酸提取法对不同品种的鲜山楂进行果胶的提取,并比较其得率、纯度、总糖含量、果胶酸含量、酯化度、持油力,从中选择各种理化性质相近的七种山楂进行抗氧化实验。结果表明:大旺、25号品种果胶得率较高,分别为4.11%、3.05%。持油力除了瑞丰(10.01 g/g),大金星(10.93 g/g),敞口(10.13 g/g),紫珍珠(11.97 g/g)外,其余都小于10 g/g;总糖除大红(19.05%)和大旺(50.20%)外,其他品种山楂果胶总糖含量均在20%~32%之间;所选山楂品种其果胶单糖组成均包含鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、半乳糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖醛酸这六种单糖,而歪把红,大旺,279品种还含有木糖,共七种单糖;山楂果胶均为高甲氧基果胶,果胶的质量分数均在8%~11%,酯化度差异不显著(62.30±0.96~65.06±1.61),不同品种的山楂果胶酸含量差异显著(p<0.05);歪把红和大金星山楂总抗氧化能力最佳,高于80(unit/mg),ABTS自由基清除能力的IC50值分别为0.043 mg/mL和0.040 mg/mL。本研究为山楂精深加工提供了理论依据与参考。 相似文献
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山楂叶总黄酮的水浸提和纯化工艺研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
研究山楂叶总黄酮的水浸提和大孔吸附树脂纯化耦合工艺.重点探讨采用水浸提法提取山楂叶总黄酮的最佳工艺条件.试验结果表明:山楂叶黄酮类化合物的最优水提工艺参数是料液比为1:20(g/mL).浸提时间为120 min,提取次数2次.在此条件下进行回流提取,山楂叶总黄酮的提取率达到87.2%.采用水浸提法与D101型大孔吸附树脂耦合时山楂叶总黄酮进行吸附纯化.该树脂对总黄酮的动态吸附率大于80%,稳定性试验重复次数为5,以体积分数70%乙醇为洗脱剂时解吸率大于86%.山楂叶总黄酮经上述工艺分离纯化后,得率为1.9%,纯度为82.8%. 相似文献
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为了对荞麦叶黄酮的提取和抗氧化性进行研究,采用响应面法对超声波法辅助提取荞麦叶黄酮的工艺进行了优化,高效液相色谱(HPLC)法分析了荞麦叶黄酮成分,并对荞麦叶黄酮的抗氧化性进行了测定。结果表明:当超声频率45 kHz、超声功率100 W、液料比30:1 mL:g、超声时间22 min,超声温度为28 ℃,乙醇体积分数为51%时,荞麦叶黄酮的提取量为80.311 mg/g,与预测值81.414 mg/g相对误差为1.35%,表明该模型预测值与实际值拟合效果良好。HPLC检测表明,荞麦叶黄酮的主要成分为芦丁和槲皮素,其含量分别为66.5%和13.9%。抗氧化试验表明,荞麦叶黄酮对DPPH自由基(DPPH·)、ABTS自由基(ABTS+·)和羟基自由基(·OH)的半清除浓度(IC50)分别为0.012、0.044、0.344 mg/mL,表明其具有较强的抗氧化能力。本试验为荞麦叶的综合利用提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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提取山楂中主要功能性成分多糖、黄酮、维生素C,并对其抗氧化能力进行比较。结果表明:山楂中多糖3.84 g/100 g、黄酮33.69 mg/g、维生素C 36.64 mg/100 g,多糖含量最高;通过DPPH自由基清除法、羟自由基清除法、ABTS自由基清除法进行抗氧化试验发现,抗氧化能力为维生素C>黄酮>多糖,维生素C对自由基的清除率最高值分别为90.3%(DPPH自由基清除率), 82.2%(羟自由基清除率)和82.2%(ABTS自由基清除率),差异显著。试验结果可作为广泛应用于保健食品、化妆品等领域的理论依据,为山楂作为天然抗氧化剂来源的一个深度开发利用奠定理论基础。 相似文献
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为改善山楂多酚稳定性,提高生物利用率,以β-环糊精、乳清分离蛋白和阿拉伯胶为复合壁材,山楂多酚为芯材,通过喷雾干燥法制备了山楂多酚微胶囊,分析了微胶囊的粒径、表观形貌、稳定性、缓释性及抗氧化性。结果表明,最佳制备工艺为芯壁比1:3(v/v),进风温度165℃,乳化时间11.4 min,在此优化条件下山楂多酚微胶囊的包埋率为94.45%±1.03%,载药量为17.99%±0.20%。微胶囊平均粒径为6.77μm,颗粒完整,近似球形,在胃液中具有良好的稳定性,肠液中有良好的释放性能,模拟胃液消化2 h后山楂多酚与山楂多酚微胶囊释放率分别为13.38%和9.75%,肠液消化6 h后释放率分别为95.99%和72.53%。包埋后抗氧化性和稳定性均有明显提升,山楂多酚对DPPH、OH、O2-自由基清除率IC50值分别为12.669μg/mL,1.131、0.581 mg/mL;山楂多酚微胶囊分别为0.939μg/mL,0.129、0.546 mg/mL。光照10 d,山楂多酚与山楂多酚微胶囊的保留率分别为64.99%和86.74%... 相似文献
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目的:利用网络药理学预测山楂叶中治疗高脂血症的潜在化合物、靶点及作用通路,采用靶酶和细胞实验对网络药理学的预测结果进行初步验证,为深入探讨山楂叶抗高脂血症的物质基础及其作用机制提供了依据。方法:通过中药系统药理学数据库分析平台和文献挖掘获得山楂叶的化学成分,利用相关数据库获得潜在靶点,对其进行GO和KEGG分析,构建“成分-靶点-通路”网络。通过ERK2激酶、油红O染色以及甘油三酯实验,对网络药理学预测的有效成分及潜在靶点进行了验证。结果:基于网络药理学方法,得到山楂叶的活性成分93个,相互作用的靶点蛋白40个,山楂叶化学成分对高脂血症的治疗作用主要是通过如下信号通路:代谢通路、AMPK信号通路、HIF-1信号通路、胰岛素抵抗、甲状腺激素信号通路;根据网络药理学预测结果,结合课题组分离得到的山楂叶代表性化合物,对牡荆素等6个化合物进行ERK2激酶活性测试,结果显示牡荆素对ERK2激酶的抑制率最高达到84%;通过构建高脂HepG2细胞模型,进行了油红O染色及定量实验,测定了TG含量,发现经牡荆素干预后,细胞内脂滴数量随牡荆素浓度增加而逐渐减少,且TG含量有所下降,说明牡荆素能降低细胞中的脂质积累及TG含量,进而验证了网络药理学预测山楂叶中化合物牡荆素抗高脂血症的结果。结论:本文运用网络药理学预测了山楂叶中化合物抗高血脂症的物质基础和作用机制,靶酶、油红O染色和TG定量实验初步证实了网络药理学的预测结果,同时提示牡荆素有望作为一种降低细胞内血脂含量的潜在治疗化合物。 相似文献
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对高效液相色谱测定山楂中主要黄酮类物质的方法进行了研究,建立了定性定量测定牡荆素、芦丁和槲皮素的方法。方法学验证结果表明,重复性试验相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.73%,稳定性试验相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.04%,加标回收率为99.63%~104.80%。对5个不同地区的山楂样品进行检测,其样品与对照色谱图谱相似度在0.772~0.993之间,说明不同地区山楂中的黄酮组成存在较大差别。5个不同地区山楂中牡荆素、芦丁、槲皮素3种主要山楂黄酮的总量在420.47~897.80 mg/kg之间,其中芦丁含量为产生差别的主要原因。 相似文献
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目的:竹叶碳苷黄酮在胃肠道消化过程中易于降解,导致其生物可及性低,因此,本研究拟探究黄原胶存在时,4 种碳苷黄酮(异荭草苷、荭草苷、异牡荆素、牡荆素)在各模拟消化阶段生物可及性的变化情况。方法:利用体外模拟消化模型结合超高效液相色谱技术,分析在有/无黄原胶存在的条件下,竹叶提取物中4 种碳苷黄酮质量浓度的变化情况。结果:相较于直接消化样品,添加黄原胶的样品可以明显减弱模拟消化过程中碳苷黄酮的降解;口腔、胃、肠道模拟消化对竹叶碳苷黄酮的生物可及性影响存在差异,黄原胶的加入可以明显提高4 种碳苷黄酮,尤其是牡荆素和异牡荆素的生物可及性,模拟肠道消化后,黄原胶保护组的异牡荆素和牡荆素质量浓度分别降低了62%和59%,远低于直接消化组(分别降低84%和80%)。结论:黄原胶可以明显提升体外模拟消化过程中竹叶碳苷黄酮的生物可及性,对于相关功能产品的开发具有良好的应用价值。 相似文献
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Abolfazl Alirezalu Nima Ahmadi Ali Sonboli Serena Aceto Hamid Hatami Maleki 《International Journal of Food Properties》2018,21(1):452-470
This study was undertaken to determine the total quantity of phenolic and flavonoids, as well as to find out about the HPLC quantification of some individual phenolic compounds (i.e. chlorogenic acid, vitexin 2”-O-rhamnoside, vitexin, rutin, hyperoside, quercetin, and isoquercetin) in flowers and leaves of 56 samples of different hawthorn species (Crataegus spp.) collected from different geographical regions of Iran. The amount of total phenolics ranges from 7.21 to 87.73 mg GAE/g in dry weight of the plant, and the total amount of flavonoids varied amongst species and in different plant organs ranging from 2.27 to 17.40 mg/g dry weight. Chlorogenic acid, vitexin, and vitexin 2”-O-rhamnoside were found to be the most abundant phenolic compounds in the extracts of hawthorn leaves. Meanwhile, chlorogenic acid, hyperoside, and rutin were the most abundant phenolic compounds in the extracts of hawthorn flowers in most genotypes. The antioxidant activity widely varied in species and in different organs of each individual plant, ranging from 0.9 to 4.65 mmol Fe++/g DW plant, calculated through the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method. Thus, this could provide valuable data for developing breeding strategies and plans; it can also help us in selecting genotypes with high phenolic contents for producing natural antioxidants and other bioactive compounds beneficial for food or the pharmaceutical industries. 相似文献
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The present study investigated a robust method for the preparation of four flavone C-glycosides, i.e. orientin, homoorientin, vitexin and isovitexin, which were prepared from an ethanol aqueous extract, i.e. antioxidant of bamboo leaves (AOB), by AB-8 resin-based column chromatography and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a mobile phase consisting of 10% and 15% (v/v) of acetonitrile and 1% acetic acid. These flavone C-glycosides were further purified by the drowning-out crystallization method using methanol and water as drowning-out anti-solvents and salting-out agents, respectively. The purity was assessed by analytical HPLC and the confirmation of chemical structures was performed by IR, MS, NMR and UV spectroscopy. Orientin (49 mg), homoorientin (142 mg), vitexin (15 mg) and isovitexin (62 mg) were prepared from 6.5 g of crude column chromatography fraction obtained from 5 L of AOB concentrated solution. The present method is robust and suitable for preparing available quantities of pure flavone C-glycosides and the quantification of orientin, homoorientin, vitexin and isovitexin in bamboo leaves. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT: Three antioxidant flavone C -glucosides, isoorientin, vitexin, and isovitexin, were identified for the 1st time from Atractylodes japonica leaves by an activity-guided fractionation with various analytical techniques including column chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB-MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Hydroxyl and superoxide anion radicals scavenging activities of these compounds were examined using electron spin resonance (ESR). Inhibitory activities of these compounds on human low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation were evaluated by malondialdehyde (MDA) and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), both representing intermediates of lipid peroxidation. These flavone C -glucosides displayed about 50% of scavenging activity against hydroxyl radicals at the concentrations below 10 μ M . The superoxide dismutase (SOD)-equivalent activities of isoorientin, vitexin, and isovitexin at 1 m M were 31.37, 2.71, and 2.63 unit/mL, respectively. Isoorientin at 1 μ M exhibited over 60% inhibition of MDA formed during copper-mediated human LDL oxidation. Amounts of free MDA in LDL treated with isoorientin, vitexin, isovitexin, and control were 20.06, 40.73, 34.08, and 48.03 n M /mg protein, respectively. These compounds also prolonged the lag phase time of the conjugated diene formation. There was a positive correlation between the free radical scavenging activities and the inhibitory effects on the LDL oxidation of these compounds. These results suggest that the flavone C -glucosides isolated from the leaves of A japonica possess beneficial antioxidant properties against free radicals as well as LDL oxidation. 相似文献
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利用黄酮类化合物可与金属离子形成有色螯合物的原理,建立柿叶中总黄酮含量测定方法,并且对供试品制备方法进行选择。通过正交试验设计选取最佳供试品制备条件,采用分光光度法,KAc-AlCl3体系与供试品中黄酮提取物反应,选择最大吸收波长,以芦丁为对照品制作标准曲线,并做方法学考察。供试品制备:提取液70%乙醇溶液,提取时间75 min,供试品与乙醇溶液的固液比为1∶50(g/mL),用KAc-AlCl3体系比色法测定供试品柿叶中总黄酮含量为1.13%,重复性RSD=1.86%(n=6),平均回收率为99.23%,RSD=0.27%(n=5)。KAc-AlCl3体系比色法测定柿叶中总黄酮含量的方法可行,呈色稳定,操作简便,可作为柿叶中总黄酮的含量测定方法,并可以做为快速测定方法应用于生产中对总黄酮含量的监控。 相似文献