鲜茧丝织物的核桃青皮天然染料染色

将核桃青皮作为天然染料用于鲜茧丝织物染色。结果表明:核桃青皮天然染料采用同浴媒染法染鲜茧丝织物的最佳工艺为:染料4%,硫酸亚铁5%,染浴pH值为3,90℃保温染色60 min。核桃青皮天然染料直接染色鲜茧丝织物的耐皂洗、耐日晒色牢度未达到3级,经金属离子媒染处理后各项色牢度达到4级以上。     

韭莲果实色素提取及对蚕丝织物染色研究

为了研究韭莲果实天然染料上染蚕丝织物,从韭莲果实中提取天然染料,分析了韭莲果实天然染料对蚕丝织物染色性能。试验结果表明:以无水乙醇为溶剂,在室温中浸渍24 h,可以很好地提取出韭莲果实色素;韭莲果实色素色泽随pH值变化而改变;韭莲果实色素可以采用预媒法对蚕丝织物进行染色,金属离子的加入对于染液的颜色有明显的增深作用;媒染工艺染色真丝织物的耐洗色牢度和耐摩擦色牢度比直接染色有不同程度的提高。     

银杏叶天然染料对锦氨织物的浸染染色

文中利用超声波辅助法提取银杏叶天然染料,用于锦氨织物浸染染色。研究了预媒法染色条件如染色温度、染色时间、染液pH值、染料浓度对银杏叶染料上染锦氨织物K/S值的影响,测试了染色后织物的耐摩擦色牢度和耐皂洗色牢度,并与直接染色工艺、同媒后媒染色工艺对比。结果表明,银杏叶天然染料对锦氨织物采用预媒法和后媒法染色K/S值较大;预媒染色较优的工艺为FeSO_4浓度5%,媒染温度60℃,媒染时间40 min;染色较优工艺染色温度80℃,染色时间50 min,染液pH值4,浴比1∶30。染色后织物的耐摩擦色牢度4～5级,耐皂洗沾色牢度4级。     

京尼平和栀子黄对大豆蛋白纤维的染色研究

以开发用于再生蛋白质纤维染色的天然染料为出发点,采用京尼平和栀子黄对大豆蛋白纤维进行染色试验。研究两种染料的染色性能,确定最佳染色工艺条件,并对染色织物色牢度及抗菌性进行测试评价。结果表明：京尼平和栀子黄染色大豆蛋白纤维可获得较好的染色深度,两者对大豆蛋白纤维染色条件、染色牢度及抗菌性区别较大,栀子黄染色最佳条件为染料用量7%、pH值为5.0、染色温度80℃、染色时间1.0 h;京尼平染色最佳条件为染料用量5%、染色温度为35～40℃、pH值为7.5～8.5、染色时间2.0 h。京尼平染色牢度好于栀子黄,除了栀子黄的耐日晒色牢度稍差,其余各项色牢度均达到3级及以上。染色后的纤维抗菌性能良好,具有一定的使用价值。     

天然染料在柞蚕丝冷轧堆染色中的应用

为丰富天然染料的色谱,探索冷轧堆工艺在天然染料染色中的应用效果,采用3种天然材料黑米、栀子和板栗壳的提取液对柞蚕丝织物进行冷轧堆染色,研究浸轧次数、染浴pH值及明矾和硫酸亚铁媒染对试样K/S值及L~*、a~*、b~*的影响,对试样的颜色及色牢度进行测试。结果表明,天然染料适宜的冷轧堆染色工艺为:浸轧两次,pH值=4.0,预媒法染色,在此条件下染色柞蚕丝织物可以得到较高的K/S值及较好的色牢度。通过天然染料冷轧堆染色及媒染,可以获得一系列色泽的柞蚕丝织物。     

降香对大豆蛋白复合纤维织物的染色性能

采用天然植物染料降香对大豆蛋白复合纤维织物进行染色。分析不同提取温度、时间及pH值对降香提取效果的影响,确定提取工艺,并测试了提取液的稳定性。分析了不同染液浓度、时间、温度及pH值对染色效果的影响,并对染色后的大豆蛋白复合纤维织物进行色牢度测试。结果表明,降香染色的大豆蛋白复合纤维织物的日晒牢度,干摩擦牢度以及水洗牢度均达到了3级,湿摩擦牢度相对较差。     

菝葜根天然染料对改性棉织物的染色性能

为丰富色谱并开发具有良好染色牢度的天然染料,选用菝葜根色素对棉织物染色并研究其染色性能。首先选用长链烷基季铵盐改性剂FE对棉织物进行改性,探讨了改性剂FE质量浓度、温度和时间对染色K/S值的影响,并测试了改性前后棉织物的红外光谱和Zeta电位;然后对菝葜根染料的染色工艺进行优化,探讨了染色pH值、温度、时间、染料与织物的质量分数对染色K/S值的影响;最后对染色后织物进行后媒染处理,测试各项染色牢度。结果表明：较适宜的改性工艺为改性剂FE 6 g/L,60℃,30 min;染色工艺为染料5%(o.w.f),染液pH值为7,90℃,80 min。天然染料菝葜根染色织物具有较高的染色K/S值,耐皂洗色牢度、耐摩擦色牢度和耐日晒色牢度均能达到3级及以上。     

丝棉交织物的苏木天然染料染色

研究了苏木天然染料染丝、棉织物在得色量上的差异,并选用阳离子改性剂H对丝棉交织物进行改性,分析了改性剂用量、改性温度对改性效果的影响,以及元明粉用量、染色温度、染浴pH值、染色时间和媒染剂对染色K/S值的影响。结果表明,丝棉交织物最佳改性工艺为:改性剂H 5%(omf),改性温度为70℃,改性时间为20 min;苏木天然染料染丝棉交织物的最佳染色工艺为:染料20%(omf),元明粉20 g/L,染浴pH值6,90℃染色60 min。苏木天然染料染色的丝棉交织物,经金属离子媒染处理后,耐皂洗色牢度和耐摩擦色牢度均达到3级以上。     

灵芝漆酶对茶多酚染色羊毛织物性能的影响

为提升天然染料染色的染深性和色牢度,采用灵芝漆酶对茶多酚染色羊毛织物进行处理,研究漆酶对直接染色和媒染染色羊毛织物的影响。结果表明：漆酶处理可明显提高茶多酚染色羊毛织物的色深值和色牢度,羊毛织物的耐皂洗和耐汗渍色牢度均达到4～5级,耐光色牢度达到4级;灵芝漆酶处理茶多酚染色织物具有更加优异的紫外线防护能力;织物表面亲水性下降,体现出疏水性能。     

葡萄皮天然染料在鲜茧丝织物染色中的应用

为开发高档鲜茧丝织物染色产品,研究了葡萄皮天然染料在鲜茧丝织物染色中的应用。首先分析染料稳定性,然后从染色方法、温度、染浴pH值等方面优化染色工艺,探讨了媒染剂种类对颜色特征值的影响,最后测试色牢度及抗紫外性能。结果表明:葡萄皮天然染料热稳定性良好,酸性条件下稳定,碱性条件下颜色变深。适宜的染色方法为后媒染法,最优染色工艺:染浴pH值8,元明粉10 g/L,90℃保温60 min;后媒染工艺:硫酸亚铁5%,柠檬酸1 g/L,60℃保温30 min。媒染剂可丰富染色鲜茧丝织物色谱;染色鲜茧丝织物耐皂洗、耐摩擦色牢度可达3级以上,抗紫外性能良好。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press