大豆分离蛋白中7S和11S大豆球蛋白的选择性酶解研究

使用胃蛋白酶在温度37℃,pH1.5～4.0范围内,以及木瓜蛋白酶在pH7.0,温度37～80℃范围内对大豆分离蛋白(SPI)进行水解,采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术对水解情况进行分析。结果表明,在37℃和pH1.5～2.5条件下,大豆分离蛋白中的11S大豆球蛋白被胃蛋白酶选择性地水解;在70℃,pH7.0条件下,7S大豆球蛋白被木瓜蛋白酶选择性地水解。      

酶解法专一性去除大豆7S球蛋白中的α-亚基

GlymBd30k、GlymBd28k和β-伴大豆球蛋白(7S球蛋白)的α-亚基(MW68k)是大豆中的主要致敏蛋白。7S球蛋白的3个主要亚基极易同时被酶水解,主要采用分离和酶解两步工艺专一性去除大豆7S球蛋白中的α-亚基,这为大豆蛋白的脱敏提供新的思路。     

碱性蛋白酶对β-伴大豆球蛋白抗原性的影响

选用碱性蛋白酶处理大豆分离蛋白,间接竞争ELISA法测定水解物中β-伴大豆球蛋白的抗原性,响应面法优化降低β-伴大豆球蛋白抗原抑制率的最佳工艺条件。结果表明,碱性蛋白酶可以显著降低β-伴大豆球蛋白的抗原性,在一定程度上,水解度与β-伴大豆球蛋白抗原抑制率呈负相关关系。碱性蛋白酶在酶解时间40 min、加酶量3 000 U/g、温度55℃、p H 8.5条件下,β-伴大豆球蛋白抗原抑制率为33.48%,比大豆蛋白降低了64.16%。SDSPAGE结果显示,β-伴大豆球蛋白基本被酶解成小分子量肽段。     

大豆7S球蛋白和11S球蛋白的研究

主要阐述了大豆7S球蛋白和11S球蛋白的分离富集方法及其主要特性。     

大豆7S球蛋白和11S球蛋白的研究

主要阐述了大豆 7S球蛋白和 1 1S球蛋白的分离富集方法及其主要特性。     

7S 伴大豆球蛋白及其糖基化产物对大豆11S 球蛋白热聚集的影响

研究7S 伴大豆球蛋白(β - 伴大豆球蛋白)及其糖基化产物对大豆11S 球蛋白热聚集的影响。从浊度、ξ -电位、粒度、SDS-PAGE 测定得出在30mmol/L Tris-HCl 缓冲溶液中(含β - 巯基乙醇),7S 球蛋白及其糖基化产物能够抑制11S 球蛋白的热聚集,并且糖基化产物的抑制效果比未糖基化的7S 球蛋白明显;7S 球蛋白及其糖基化产物抑制11S 球蛋白热聚集的机理不同,7S 球蛋白糖基化产物对11S 球蛋白热聚集的抑制不是由于电荷的作用。     

大豆7S和11S球蛋白的结构和功能性质

主要介绍大豆７Ｓ和１１Ｓ球蛋白的结构和功能性质，大豆蛋白质各个成分的分子量有所不同，按超速离心分离系数可分为２Ｓ，７Ｓ１１Ｓ和１５Ｓ４个组份。７Ｓ组份占总蛋白质的３０．９％，它是由４种不同大豆蛋白民组成，１１Ｓ组份占总大豆蛋白质的４１％，而且都是单一的１１Ｓ球蛋白，１１Ｓ球蛋白的等电点为ｐＨ４．６４。     

模拟酶解大豆7S、11S蛋白及其抗氧化活性的研究

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模拟酶解大豆7S、11S蛋白及其抗氧化活性的研究

以"活性肽搜寻与蛋白模拟水解系统"为工具,选择碱性蛋白酶和中性蛋白酶对大豆7S、11S蛋白进行模拟水解,得到不同水平的抗氧化肽肽段,以重均分子量为手段,评价理论模拟与实验水解的相关性;以还原力、清除二苯代苦味酰基苯肼(DPPH·)自由基能力比较以上蛋白酶水解物的抗氧化活性.结果表明:模拟与实验水解得到的分子量分布在比例以及重均分子量方面有显著相关性(P<0.01);四种酶解产物均具有一定的抗氧化活性,其中,以7S蛋白的碱性蛋白酶产物表现出最高的还原力和DPPH·清除能力(P<0.05).     

醇变性大豆7S球蛋白结构特征研究

利用不同体积分数乙醇溶液对大豆7S球蛋白进行变性。分别对醇变性大豆7S球蛋白溶解度、表面疏水性、二级结构和聚集形态进行分析。大豆7S球蛋白经醇溶液变性后,溶解度在乙醇体积分数为55%~65%时基本达到最低值;表面疏水性在乙醇体积分数为25%和65%时分别达到最大值和最小值。傅立叶红外光谱表明,在乙醇体积分数较低时,β-折叠结构能稳定存在;在乙醇体积分数较高时,β-折叠和α-螺旋之间结构发生转变,呈现较高螺旋态。凝胶电泳表明,7S球蛋白亚基间以非共价相互作用力为主;经醇变性后,导致聚集体产生,且7S球蛋白分子间非共价相互作用随乙醇体积分数增大呈有逐渐增大趋势。     

Structure characterization and IgE-binding of soybean 7S globulin after enzymatic deglycosylation

This study investigated the effects of enzymatic deglycosylation following ultrasound pretreatment on structure and immunoreactivity of soybean 7S globulin. Soybean 7S globulin was pretreated by ultrasound (40 kHz, 300 W) and enzymatically deglycosylated by peptide-N-glycosidase F (PNGase F). Changes in structure of processed soybean 7S globulin were characterized by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, ultraviolet absorption spectrum, circular dichroism spectrum, and surface hydrophobicity analysis. Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay was used to evaluate IgE-binding ability. The results showed that the glycan moieties of soybean 7S globulin were effectively removed by PNGase F, which significantly modified protein structures including the secondary and tertiary structures of 7S globulin. Individual enzymatic deglycosylation could reduce IgE-binding capacity of 7S globulin, whereas enzymatic deglycosylation following ultrasound pretreatment enhanced its IgE-binding capacity. In conclusion, soybean 7S globulin treated by single enzymatic deglycosylation can reduce potential allergenicity and may be employed in hypoallergenic food preparation.     

Allergenicity of proteolytic hydrolysates of the soybean 11S globulin

ABSTRACT:  A substantial portion of the human population has immune hypersensitivities to various food materials. Soybean is one of the most common foods involved in such hypersensitivity reactions, especially in younger children. In this study, we investigated the effect of peptic and chymotryptic hydrolysis on the allergenicity of the 11S soybean globulin, which is the primary soybean allergen. The 11S globulin is composed of both acidic and basic polypeptides, and we found that the acidic polypeptide was effectively hydrolyzed, while basic polypeptide was more resistant to hydrolysis. The 11S globulin hydrolysate was size-fractionated by gel filtration, and 9 of the fractions obtained were tested for allergenicity against sera from 6 soybean-allergenic patients. The overall allergenicity of soybean 11S globulin was reduced by peptic and chymotryptic hydrolysis, although a gel filtration fraction with a major peptide of 20 kDa was highly immunoreactive. Hydrolyzed fragments of less than about 20 kDa were not immunoreactive.     

Characterization of hydrolysates produced by mild-acid treatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of defatted soybean flour

Acid (0.05–0.2 N HCl) pre-treatments and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis (Alcalase™ and Flavourzyme™) of defatted soybean flour (DSF) were performed under aseptic conditions. The acid pre-treatment facilitated enzymatic hydrolysis of the protein in DSF by increasing the nitrogen solubility index. Protein was hydrolyzed primarily during the first 5 h of enzymatic hydrolysis. The degree of hydrolysis and α-amino nitrogen contents of the hydrolysates increased after acid pretreatment. The average peptide chain lengths were estimated at 7∼8 amino acid units after 3 h hydrolyzation by Alcalase, and 3–5 amino acid units after 21 h by Flavourzyme/Alcalase mixture. Gel permeation chromatography provided molecular size distribution to determine the molecular weights of the corresponding hydrolysates. At the end of 24 h enzymatic hydrolysis, the amounts of free amino acid, dipeptide and tripeptide accounted for almost half of the proteins in the hydrolysate, while the oligopeptides constituted 40%.     

Saio法提取大豆7S球蛋白的纯化及鉴定

研究利用Sephadex G-200凝胶柱层析法和纤维素DE-52离子交换柱层析法分离纯化经过Saio法提取的大豆7S球蛋白样品,采用SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和高效毛细管电泳进一步鉴定Saio法提取的大豆7S球蛋白样品的组分及含量。结果表明,Saio法提取的大豆7S球蛋白纯度约为81%。     

热处理大豆球蛋白的体外消化稳定性

为了有效评估大豆球蛋白抗原性变化,对热处理后的大豆球蛋白进行体外模拟消化实验,考察其体外消化稳定性。首先采用碱溶酸沉法从脱脂大豆粉中提取大豆球蛋白,然后将其经400 MPa超高静压处理15 min后进行加热(70、90、110、130℃)处理20 min,然后进行体外模拟消化实验,采用SDS-PAGE、邻苯二甲醛(OPA)法和间接竞争酶联免疫(ELISA)法研究消化过程中大豆球蛋白的蛋白质分子质量、水解度和抗原性的变化。结果表明:经体外模拟消化实验后,与未处理样品相比,不同温度热处理后大豆球蛋白的蛋白质条带逐渐变浅,生成更多的小分子蛋白;在胃消化过程中,未处理和热处理大豆球蛋白的水解度逐渐增强,在肠消化过程中,经过90、110、130℃热处理的大豆球蛋白水解度总体先增加后降低;与未处理的大豆球蛋白相比,热处理大豆球蛋白经过胃肠消化后抗原抑制率显著下降,最低可从87%降至4%。大豆球蛋白经过热处理,通过胃肠消化后可显著降低其抗原性。     

Evaluation of the residual antigenicity of dairy whey hydrolysates obtained by combination of enzymatic hydrolysis and high-pressure treatment

Dairy whey was hydrolyzed for 15 min with five food-grade enzymes (Alcalase, Neutrase, Corolase 7089, Corolase PN-L, and Papain) at atmospheric pressure (0.1 MPa) and in combination with high pressure (HP) at 100, 200, and 300 MPa, applied prior to or during enzymatic digestion. The peptide profile of the hydrolysates obtained was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and their residual antigenicity was assessed by immuno-blotting with anti-beta-lactoglobulin monoclonal antibodies and the sera from pediatric patients allergic to cow's milk proteins. Moreover, to evaluate the presence of residual trace amounts of casein in bovine whey hydrolysates, immunoblotting with anti-cow's milk protein polyclonal antibodies was performed. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that HP treatment increased hydrolysis by the proteases assayed, especially when it was applied during the enzymatic digestion. Positive reactions at the band corresponding to beta-lactoglobulin were detected for Corolase PN-L and Corolase 7089 hydrolysates, except for those obtained under 300 MPa by the last protease. However, the immunochemical reaction was lower in the hydrolysis products obtained under HP than in those obtained at atmospheric pressure and after the HP treatment. On the contrary, no residual immunochemical reactivity associated with beta-lactoglobulin was observed in the hydrolysates obtained by Alcalase and Neutrase under HP, and none was observed in any of the hydrolysis products obtained by Papain. The presence of traces of casein was not significant. These results suggest that HP combined with selected food-grade proteases is a treatment that can remove the antigenicity of whey protein hydrolysates for their use as ingredients of hypoallergenic infant formulae.     

7S和11S大豆球蛋白的分离研究

本研究选择低温脱脂大豆粕为原料,提出并采用碱提酸沉膜分离法来分离7S和11S大豆球蛋白,通过SDS-PAGE电泳鉴定分离纯度,并与传统的几种方法比较分离效果.结果表明,碱提酸沉膜分离法的分离效果明显优于传统的方法,所得的7S和11S大豆球蛋白的纯度可以分别达到75.5%和84.7%.     

Identification and characterization of multifunctional cationic peptides from enzymatic hydrolysates of soybean proteins

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