制油工艺对花生油品质的影响

以花生仁为原料,对比研究了冷榨法(60℃)、热榨法(150℃)和水酶法3种制油工艺对花生油色泽、酸价、过氧化值、氧化稳定指数、脂肪酸组成、微量活性成分(生育酚、多酚及角鲨烯)、DPPH和ABTS自由基清除能力的影响。结果表明:水酶法制得的花生油色泽(Y19. 5R1)最浅,酸价(KOH)((0. 66±0. 05) mg/g)最高,过氧化值((2. 05±0. 00) mmol/kg)最低,氧化稳定指数((3. 95±0. 11) h)最高,油酸含量最高((50. 73±0. 43)%);热榨花生油中α-生育酚、总生育酚和多酚含量最高,分别为(124. 57±0. 03) mg/kg、(206. 61±3. 24) mg/kg、(44. 27±2. 60)mgGAE/kg;冷榨花生油中角鲨烯含量最高,为(477. 20±10. 31) mg/kg;热榨花生油清除DPPH自由基和ABTS自由基能力最强,抗氧化性最好。     

R134a亚临界流体萃取沙棘籽油的工艺优化及品质评价

研究采用R134a(1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷)亚临界流体萃取沙棘籽油。在原料粒度、萃取时间和萃取温度三个单因素筛选的基础上,以籽油提取率为响应值,对这三个因素进行响应面优化,得到最佳工艺参数:原料粒度32目,萃取时间60 min,萃取温度55℃,在此条件下籽油提取率可达80.7%,所得籽油的碘值、过氧化值、酸价和VE含量分别为(178.83±0.54)g/100 g、(0.151±0.001)g/100 g、(3.412±0.112)mg KOH/g、(198±1.73)mg/100 g,以上指标均满足行业标准(SL 493-2010)的要求,其中碘值和VE含量分别高出行业标准下限27.74%和65%,过氧化值和酸价分别低于标准上限39.6%和77.25%。综上所述,采用亚临界R134a法萃取沙棘籽油具有籽油提取率高、加工成本低及理化品质优良等特点。     

丽江野生香薷籽油理化性质及营养成分分析与评价

了解云南丽江野生香薷籽油的理化性质、营养成分及价值.采用国家标准分析方法主要检测了丽江野生香薷籽油密度、酸价、过氧化值、主要营养成分.结果表明香薷籽油在20℃时的比重为0.9053±0.0087g/mL;酸价2.15±0.10mg/g;过氧化值0.968±0.050g/kg;理化指标皆符合国家标准.其富含不饱和脂肪酸,高达89.6%,其中a-亚麻酸占56.82%.丽江香薷籽油具有极高的开发利用价值.     

金柚柚籽及其油脂的理化性质分析

采用索氏抽提法制备金柚柚籽油,并对金柚柚籽及其油脂进行理化性质分析。结果表明:金柚柚籽质量占全果总质量10.3%,柚籽粗脂肪含量高达34.6%。柚籽油色泽金黄、室温下流动性好、透明度高、有油脂固有气味和滋味,并具有一定柚子气味;相对密度0.963±0.025 5,水分及挥发物含量(0.071±0.009 8)%,折光指数1.454±0.038 1,酸值(KOH)(1.273±0.103 1)mg/g,碘值(I)(133.3±0.066 7)g/100 g,皂化值(KOH)(169.75±0.483 0)mg/g,过氧化值(4.25±0.711 0)mmol/kg;气相色谱法分析结果显示,柚籽油中不饱和脂肪酸含量为67.6%,主要是亚油酸(39.3%)、油酸(24.7%)、亚麻酸(3.6%);饱和脂肪酸主要为棕榈酸(27.6%)和硬脂酸(3.9%),适合作为食用油开发。     

紫花苜蓿籽油的理化性质及必需脂肪酸组分分析

研究了采用2种有机溶剂法提取的紫花苜蓿籽油的理化性质和必需脂肪酸组成。结果表明:无水乙醚、丙酮浸提的苜蓿籽油的折光指数分别为1.4780±0.025、1.4795±0.031;碘值分别为(135.60±0.132)、(130.12±0.156)g/100g;酸价分别为(3.30±0.056)、(3.12±0.043)mg/g;皂化值分别为(188.40±0.421)、(175.47±0.356)mg KOH/g;过氧化值分别为(0.299±0.012)、(0.599±0.026)mmol/kg,这些指标与常见植物油的理化性质基本相符。气相色谱法分析结果显示,丙酮浸提的紫花苜蓿籽油中必需脂肪酸含量较高,其中亚油酸含量为1 2.1 4%,α-亚麻酸含量为2 6.7 9%,适合作为食用油开发。     

沙棘籽粕多酚提取工艺优化、组分分析及抗氧化性能研究

为提高沙棘籽粕中蛋白质和多酚的利用率,在确保蛋白质溶出率低的情况下,优化了沙棘籽粕多酚的提取工艺条件。同时,采用HPLC对沙棘籽粕多酚提取液的组分进行了分析,并研究了沙棘籽粕多酚的抗氧化性。结果表明,沙棘籽粕多酚提取的最佳工艺条件为:80%甲醇溶液为提取溶剂,超声提取方式,超声频率40 k Hz,超声功率150 W,料液比1∶25,提取温度20℃,提取时间20min。在最佳提取条件下,多酚得率为(7. 83±0. 03)%。沙棘籽粕多酚提取液共检出没食子酸、儿茶素、芦丁、杨梅素、槲皮素、山奈酚6种多酚类物质,其中芦丁含量最高,为(1. 623±0. 224) mg/g(以沙棘籽粕质量计)。沙棘籽粕多酚具有较强的抗氧化性,对DPPH自由基和羟自由基均具有显著清除能力,半数抑制浓度(IC_(50))分别为0. 057、0. 147 mg/m L。     

三叶木通籽成分及三叶木通籽油的理化指标分析

主要分析了三叶木通籽的成分,并对所制取的三叶木通籽油进行了理化指标分析,同时测定了浸出粕的水溶性蛋白含量.结果表明:三叶木通籽粗蛋白含量为34.39%,粗脂肪含量为31.37%,经石油醚提取出的三叶木通籽油的相对密度0.937 4(d204),酸值(KOH)8.49 mg/g,碘值(I)64.47 g/100 g,过氧化值4.92 mmol/kg,皂化值(KOH)196.63 mg/g.三叶木通籽油富含油酸、亚油酸和棕榈酸.三叶木通籽浸出粕水溶性蛋白含量为51.08%.     

番木瓜籽油的营养特性及稳定性

以番木瓜籽为研究对象,采用溶剂提取法提取番木瓜籽油,运用GC-MS对番木瓜籽油脂肪酸组成进行分析,对其理化性质和脂溶性伴随物含量进行检测,并对其抗氧化活性及稳定性进行研究。结果表明:以正己烷为提取溶剂,番木瓜籽油得率为(28.62±0.27)%;番木瓜籽油富含不饱和脂肪酸(86.54%),主要是油酸((44.03±1.21)%)和亚油酸((42.25±1.32)%),脂溶性伴随物主要有β-谷甾醇((5.11±0.16) mg/kg)、菜油甾醇((0.33±0.02) mg/kg)、生育酚((150.41±3.13) mg/kg);此外,番木瓜籽油酸值(KOH)((1.25±0.15) mg/g)、过氧化值((0.25±0.04)mmol/kg)均符合GB 2716—2018要求;番木瓜籽油对DPPH自由基和羟自由基均有较好的清除效果,IC50值分别为9.21 mg/m L和0.53 mg/m L,同时还具有较好的储藏稳定性和热加工稳定性。番木瓜籽可作为一种潜在的油料资源。     

提取工艺对辣椒籽油品质及香气成分的影响

为选择较优辣椒籽油制备工艺,以氧化值、酸价、色泽、脂肪酸组成、挥发性物质等为指标,比较酶解-乙醇辅助法和乙醇常温浸提法2种制备工艺对辣椒籽油的品质及香气成分的影响。结果表明:酶解-乙醇辅助法和常温浸提法2种制备工艺所得辣椒籽油均呈橙黄色,酸价值≤4.0 mg/g,过氧化值≤12meq/kg;辣椒籽油中辣椒素含量分别为1.46,0.54mg/g。制备工艺对脂肪酸组成影响不显著(P0.05),对含量影响显著(P0.05);辣椒籽油饱和脂肪酸含量分别为14.89%和16.3%,多不饱和脂肪酸分别为69.8%和70.87%。可见辣椒籽油中多不饱和脂肪酸含量丰富,酶解-乙醇辅助法工艺能够显著降低饱和脂肪酸含量。酶解-乙醇辅助法中鉴定出挥发性物质56种,多于常温浸提法的52种和市售辣椒油的42种。可见,酶解-乙醇辅助法相对常温浸提法而言,有助于辣椒油品质的提升。     

樟树籽仁油的结构和特性分析

分别采用气相色谱、液质联用测定分析了樟树籽仁油的脂肪酸组成和分布、甘油三酯组成,测定分析了其理化性质、融化结晶特性。结果表明:樟树籽仁油中所含脂肪酸主要是中碳链脂肪酸,其中癸酸含量为60. 25%、月桂酸含量为35. 88%、辛酸含量为0. 45%,长碳链脂肪酸含量低于5%;樟树籽仁油的甘油三酯组成为CCC(12. 55%)、CCLa(56. 38%)、CLaLa和MCC(20. 36%);樟树籽仁油酸价(KOH)为0. 32 mg/g、皂化值(KOH)为267. 30 mg/g、碘值(I)为5. 70 g/100 g、过氧化值为0. 03 g/100 g;樟树籽仁油的融化温度为21. 63℃、结晶温度为1. 54℃,在人体体温下处于完全融化状态,利于人体吸收代谢。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press     

INFOPRINT 2014 was Successfully Held in Dongguan

Sponsored by Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China （PEIAC） and organized by Print China magazine, the Seventeenth Beijing International Printing Information Conference （INFOPRINT 2014） was successfully held on 11th Dec. 2014 at Dongguan Exhibition International Hotel.