经动脉灌注化疗或栓塞治疗恶性胰岛素瘤肝转移

目的探讨经动脉灌注化疗或栓塞治疗恶性胰岛素瘤肝转移的临床效果。方法对９例恶性胰岛素瘤肝转移患者，采用５－FU、表阿霉素、丝裂霉素C和IL－２的化疗方案进行经导管动脉灌注化疗，２例患者还接受了肝动脉化疗栓塞，共２～８个疗程。结果所有患者均顺利完成介入治疗，无严重并发症。治疗后临床症状消失或明显改善，显效２例、有效７例；影像学疗效评价显效１例、有效７例、无效１例。结论经动脉灌注化疗或栓塞治疗恶性胰岛素瘤肝转移安全有效。     

肾动脉化疗栓塞结合免疫治疗巨大肾癌 ２１ 例

目的 探讨巨大.肾癌动脉灌注化疗联合栓塞免疫治疗的疗效.方法 1992年4月-2006年4月,对巨大肾癌行动脉灌注栓塞术,灌注用抗癌药物为卡铂300 mg,丝裂霉素20 mg,环磷酰胺800 mg;用无水乙醇、5%油酸钠、40%碘油加明胶海绵颗粒施行肾动脉栓塞;白细胞介素-2辅助治疗.结果 21例均成功施行动脉灌注术.其中15例栓塞术后1～8周行手术切除,术中见肿瘤血供不足,病理见肿瘤细胞大片坏死,周边有不同程度的淋巴细胞浸润及纤维增生,肿瘤毛细血管栓塞.1、2、3年生存率分别为80.0%(12/15)、53.3%(8/15)、40.0%(6/15).结论 肾动脉灌注化疗联合栓塞与免疫治疗巨癌,临床疗效较好.     

晚期胃癌动脉内化疗灌注与合用栓塞的临床研究

本组资料报告48例不能手术或术后复发胃癌患者,行胃动脉内插管治疗的结果。其中单纯动脉内灌注(GAI)16例,同时合用栓塞者(GAI+GAE)32例。结果显示:(1)生存率为:6个月,GAI组68.75％,GAI+GAE组87.5％;12个月,GAI组25％,GAI+GAE组60.7％;24个月,GAI+GAE组18.75％;(2)晚期胃癌多为富血管型(60.7％),治疗后病灶大小及血管改变,均以GAI+GAE显著;(3)发现碘化油可选择性地沉积于胃癌瘤体,证明了GAI+GAE是治疗晚期胃癌的新方法。     

药物缓释微球肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗肝癌研究进展

[ 摘要】 动脉化疗栓塞术 (TACE) 是中期肝癌患者的主要治疗方法。但是,由于这种技术存在着种种缺陷,比如药物局部释放的不可控制性。全身不良反应等, 限制了其临床应用,而新出现的药物缓释微球(drug-eluting beads, DEB) 可以负载着阿霉素应用于TACE中,不仅可以长时间维持化疗药物的局部浓度,达到更高的客观反应率,并且降低了不良反应的发生率,从而使患者获益。目前,药物缓释微球动脉化疗栓塞术(DEB-TACE) 在国外已经得到了广泛的应用和推广,更多的相关临床试验也正在进行中?本文针对DEB-TACE的特性及最新研究进展予以综述。     

顺铂微球联合栓塞化疗治疗复发或晚期鼻咽癌

1993年4月至1994年1月对14例放疗后局部复发或未控制和3例初治晚期鼻咽癌用顺铂微球联合 PBF(DDP,BLM,5-Fu)进行颌内动脉栓塞化疗。结果:CR2例,PR13例,MR1例,NC1例,总有效率(CR+PR)88.24%;3例初治晚期病例均为 PR。本文还对颌内动脉栓塞化疗的副作用,并发症等进行了讨论。     

贲门癌术前化疗栓塞的疗效评价

目的探讨贲门癌术前化疗栓塞的疗效、不良反应及对手术切除率的影响.方法贲门癌患者56例,分为TACE组和单纯手术组.TACE组25例,测量TACE后其大小、形态的变化、肿瘤坏死的程度及不良反应,7～15 d后行手术切除,统计手术时间、术中出血量、手术切除率及生存时间,并与单纯手术组31例进行比较.结果①TACE可使肿瘤发生一定程度的坏死,并使病变范围有所缩小,不良反应轻微.②TACE后再行手术切除,不仅可提高手术切除率,还可减少手术时间及术中出血量,延长了生存时间.结论贲门癌术前行TACE,创伤轻微,疗效显     

肝动脉化疗或栓塞治疗胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤肝转移的疗效分析

目的评价经肝动脉灌注化疗或栓塞治疗胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤肝转移的临床效果。方法对２１例胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤肝转移患者,共进行７７例次经动脉介入治疗,其中单纯经动脉灌注化疗５４例次,肝动脉化疗栓塞２３例次。分析临床疗效、影像学评价、无进展生存期（PFS）、总生存期（OS）和并发症。结果所有患者均顺利完成介入治疗,无严重并发症发生。临床反应为显效１０例、有效６例、无效５例,总有效率７６．２％（１６／２１）;影像学疗效评价有效１１例、稳定４例、疾病进展６例;PFS（１５．０±１０．９）个月,OS（３１．２±１７．４）个月。结论经肝动脉灌注化疗或栓塞治疗胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤肝转移安全有效,可作为不能手术切除患者的一线治疗方法。     

载药微球经导管动脉化疗栓塞治疗肝癌研究进展

【摘要】 肝细胞肝癌是肝脏最常见原发性恶性肿瘤,经导管动脉化疗栓塞术（TACE）是外科手术不能切除中晚期肝癌首选的有效治疗方法。载药微球TACE术是一种新兴治疗方式,能够持续缓慢释放化疗药物,提高药物局部浓度,降低全身血药浓度。在超选择基础上,直径＞100 μm载药微球TACE术安全有效,在肿瘤缓解率、减少手术次数、减少不良反应、缩短住院时间、提高生活质量等方面均较传统TACE术具有优势,对中期、Child- Pugh B级、体能活动状况1级、有两叶病变、复发性疾病患者治疗效果较好。但价格昂贵及当地医疗条件、医务人员能力、医保政策等限制了载药微球临床应用。载药微球TACE 治疗肝癌临床效果,有待进一步研究证实。

     

宫颈癌术前动脉化疗栓塞疗效

目的研究局部进展期宫颈癌术前子宫动脉化疗栓塞的疗效及病理改变。方法经阴道镜活检证实宫颈癌患者４３例,其中鳞癌３８例,腺癌５例;FIGO临床分期ⅠB２期１４例,ⅡA期５例,ⅡB期２３例,ⅢB期１例。所有患者均进行１次子宫动脉化疗栓塞,化疗药物为博莱霉素＋顺铂＋异环磷酰胺,栓塞剂为明胶海绵颗粒。其后择期行子宫广泛切除加盆腔淋巴结清扫术,分析手术及病理所见。结果①介入治疗后CR４例,PR２９例,总有效率为７６．７％。②介入治疗与外科手术间隔时间为肿瘤治疗无效的风险因素,即随着间隔时间延长介入疗效下降。③术后病理显示,镜下表现为肿瘤细胞退行性变,凋亡,肿瘤组织结构松散,周边及肿瘤内大量炎细胞浸润,纤维组织增生,部分病例镜下未见肿瘤细胞。宫旁浸润率减低,部分肿瘤分期逆转,术后病理与术前病理比较１０例分化程度降低,５例术后未见肿瘤或残余个别肿瘤细胞而不能判定分化,９例分化程度增高,１９例无变化。结论子宫动脉化疗栓塞用于宫颈癌根治新辅助化疗安全有效,可在短期内有效控制肿瘤生长,并可能降低临床分期,有利于肿瘤根治切除。介入治疗后应尽早择期进行手术而不宜过于延长间隔时间。     

对叶片动频系数经验公式的评价

利用能量法和有限无法计算了3种不同汽轮机叶片Ao型切向振型的静频和动频,通过比较计算结果数据,对目前广泛使用的动频系数经验公式B＝0．69Dm/l-0.3 sin2β作出评价。     

Experimental Analysis and Evaluation of Thermostat Effects on Engine Cooling System

Thermostat as a part of engine cooling system has a significant role in the shortening warm-up time and regulating the engine in proper temperature to approach ...     

Experimental Evaluation of Thermal Properties of Grouting Materials

This study is aimed at the thermal analysis of sealant mortar （usually a mixtures of bentonite and cemem with addition of sand） used in geothermal cooling and heating. In particular, thermal conductivity and diffusivity measurements were performed on differem sealant mixtures by using Hot Disk thermal constants analyzer in order to identify the interesting thermal properties of grouting materials. The grouting materials that we considered are of porous nature and, if used in the presence of groundwater, have different levels of imbibitions. It is important to know the thermal behavior of these materials at different water content. A first set of measurements was performed on a not-tinted material at room temperature; then the samples were led to saturation conditions by contact capillary imbibitions with a cotton wool layer moistened in water. The determination of thermal conductivity in these test conditions appears to be critical compared to the measuremems on non-timed sample. The thermal conductivity tests have revealed how the thermal behavior of the samples analyzed is essentially determined by the density and water content of the material： in fact, the thermal conductivity increases of two to three times the value of the not-tinted material.     

Experimental and Theoretical Evaluation of On-Chip Micro Heat Pipe

The performance of a specially fabricated micro heat pipe etched on a silicon wafer is analyzed to evaluate its cooling potential. Triangular microgrooves are etched on a silicon wafer via a lithographic process with two reservoirs at the two ends. Anodic bonding and electrochemical spark erosion techniques are used to seal the microgrooves with a thin Pyrex glass and to create holes for vacuum connections and coolant insertion, respectively. The cooling potential of the micro heat pipe is evaluated by accurately measuring the temperature distributions along the channel length at different values of the applied heat load. A mathematical model is proposed and numerically solved to evaluate the axial variation of the radius of curvature of the coolant film to examine the cooling potential of the on-chip micro heat pipe system.     

汽油机进气预热的试验研究及预热效果的评价

在ＣＡ－１５发动机上进行了进气预热的试验研究,测定了预热对发动机动力性,经济性及各缸混合气分配不均匀度的影响,提出了用各缸排温不均匀度分析各缸混合气分配不均匀度的方法。证实了可用进气门前混合气的“干”温度作为评价进气预热效果的参数。     

Experimental Evaluation of Active Filtering in a Single-Phase High-Frequency AC Microgrid

Population growth in the world along with rapid technological expansion of the society demand efficient, economically viable, and environment-friendly energy conversion systems. The previous theoretical and simulation works have demonstrated that a 500-Hz single-phase high-frequency ac (HFAC) microgrid is a novel step toward integrating renewable energy sources in a distributed generation system. This paper goes one step further in describing the practical implementation of HFAC microgrid with active filters for a small 1-kW system. The protection issues for both the source and series converters are also addressed in this paper by developing a new but simple protection scheme. In the experimental microgrid system, a universal active power line conditioner (UPLC) and a unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) are incorporated to control the power flow and power quality, respectively. Controllers for both the UPQC and UPLC are developed based on the instantaneous single-phase p-q theory, and controlled pulsewidth modulated inverters are then implemented to synthesize the desired compensating waveforms. The experimental results obtained confirm that the HFAC microgrid is a practical and useful step toward successfully integrating distributed renewable energy sources ensuring the improved system utilization.      

Experimental platform for development and Evaluation of hybrid generation systems based on fuel cells

An experimental hybrid power generation platform for the design and assessment of advanced control systems has been developed. It is specifically intended as a flexible development tool for the implementation and refinement of real-time novel control algorithms, aimed to maximize energy efficiency and optimize the electrical power management of hybrid generation systems based on fuel cells. The platform consists of two generation modules and storage module. The main one is based on a PEM fuel cell stack. The second one, implemented with a programmable electronic source, allows to emulate an alternative energy module, particularly a wind energy generation system. The storage module is built with Supercapacitors. Finally, a variable electronic load represents the lumped energy demand, with profiles that can be programmed in accordance with the user requirements. All modules of the system are connected to a common DC bus through intermediary electronic converters, which are controlled by a dedicated digital signal processor. The complete system is supervised through a Personal Computer, resulting into a highly versatile platform. Experimental results are presented to validate the whole system performance.     

连杆小头衬套材料工艺及试验评价的研究进展

针对连杆小头摆动摩擦副载荷过大、润滑不良、温升过高而导致的衬套早期失效问题,归纳了近年来衬套常用衬层金属材料铅青铜、锡青铜、铝青铜和共晶硅铝合金的性能特点,分析了电镀涂层、热喷涂和气相沉积镀膜等常用的衬套表面处理技术的原理及其应用前景,介绍了磨损试验、疲劳试验和抗咬合试验等衬套失效试验评价方法的研究进展。从材料、工艺及试验评价的角度为连杆小头摆动摩擦副失效问题的改善提供参考。     

Experimental Evaluation of a Multistage Reciprocating Evaporative Cooler Performance for Varied Climatic Conditions

Current system focuses on design & construction of a multistage reciprocating evaporative cooling test rig.Four packings that are used will undergo the reciprocating action,powered by the cam follower mechanism maintained at an actual rotation speed.Inlet dry bulb temperature & humidity values are varied to replicate the varying climatic conditions,and the output parameters such as cooling load,evaporation rate(ER),humidification efficiency(HE),coefficient of performance(COP) are obtaine...     

Experimental Evaluation of One,Two, and Three Stage Evaporative Cooling Systems

The thermal performance of four different arrangements of evaporative air coolers have been evaluated experimentally during the hot summer of Kuwait. The systems include one-stage direct evaporative cooling (DEC), one-stage indirect evaporative cooler (IEC) linked to an external cooling tower, two-stage indirect/direct evaporative coolers (IEC/DEC), and three-stage system of evaporative cooling and mechanical vapor compression (IEC/DEC-MVC). Two variables are used to evaluate the system thermal performance, the thermal effectiveness and the energy efficiency ratio (EER). The data show that the IEC/DEC has the highest EER, followed by the DEC, IEC/DEC-MVC, and IEC. The DEC has the lowest effectiveness, succeeded by the DEC/IEC, IEC, and IEC/DEC-MVC. Coupling MVC with IEC/DEC extends the cooling range and can cool the ambient air dry bulb temperature over a range of 40°C to 15°C at any value of ambient air wet bulb temperature. Two experimental correlations have been developed for each one of the tested systems. The first one relates the effectiveness to water to air mass flow ratio (L/G) or Reynolds number (Re), while the second correlation relates the EER with effectiveness and L/G and/or Re. These relationships are very important in designing and optimizing the studied evaporative cooling units.